公开(公告)号：US20130232193A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-05

申请号：US13783368

申请日：2013-03-03

申请人： Zafar Ali ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Walid Wakim ,  Matthew Hartley ,  George Leonard Swallow

发明人： Zafar Ali ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Walid Wakim ,  Matthew Hartley ,  George Leonard Swallow

IPC分类号： H04L29/06

CPC分类号： H04L29/06047 ,  H04L67/42

摘要： In one embodiment, information is exchanged between independent control planes of different layers in a multilayer network, such as, but not limited to, between a packet switching client-layer network and an optical server-layer network. This exchanged information includes signaling regarding a server-layer communications service, having server-layer characteristics, within the server-layer network for use in communicatively coupling at least two devices of the client-layer network. In one embodiment, the client-layer network specifies at least one of these server-layer characteristics that the server-layer communications service provided by the server-layer network must have. In one embodiment, the server-layer network signal to the client-layer network at least one of these server-layer characteristics of the existing server-layer communications service. In one embodiment, this signaling between the client-layer network and the server-layer network includes sending extended Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) messages.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，信息在多层网络中的不同层的独立控制平面之间交换，诸如但不限于分组交换客户端层网络和光服务器层网络之间。 这种交换的信息包括关于在服务器层网络内具有服务器层特性的服务器层通信服务的信令，用于通信地耦合客户端层网络的至少两个设备。 在一个实施例中，客户端层网络指定由服务器层网络提供的服务器层通信服务必须具有的这些服务器层特性中的至少一个。 在一个实施例中，服务器层网络向客户端层网络发送现有服务器层通信服务的这些服务器层特性中的至少一个的信号。 在一个实施例中，客户端层网络和服务器层网络之间的这种信令包括发送扩展资源预留协议（RSVP）消息。

公开(公告)号：US09391704B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-12

申请号：US13769355

申请日：2013-02-17

申请人： Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Zafar Ali ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  George Leonard Swallow ,  Matthew Hartley

发明人： Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Zafar Ali ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  George Leonard Swallow ,  Matthew Hartley

IPC分类号： H04B10/27 ,  H04L12/729 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/717

CPC分类号： H04B10/27 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/125 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/42 ,  H04L45/62

摘要： In one embodiment, a replacement network communications path is determined using dedicated resources of an existing path. One or more network elements in a network determines a new communications path between a first network node and a second network node in the network while an existing communications path is currently configured in the network to carry traffic between the first and second network nodes. The existing communications path includes one or more exclusive physical resources dedicated to the existing communications path. The new communications path includes at least one of said exclusive physical resources dedicated to the existing communications path. One embodiment includes: subsequent to said determining the new communications path, removing the existing communications path from service, and then instantiating the new communications path, with the new communications path including said at least one of said exclusive physical resources.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，使用现有路径的专用资源来确定替换网络通信路径。 网络中的一个或多个网络元件确定网络中的第一网络节点和第二网络节点之间的新的通信路径，而现有的通信路径当前被配置在网络中以承载第一和第二网络节点之间的业务。 现有的通信路径包括专用于现有通信路径的一个或多个专用物理资源。 新的通信路径包括专用于现有通信路径的所述独占物理资源中的至少一个。 一个实施例包括：在所述确定新的通信路径之后，从服务中移除现有的通信路径，然后实例化新的通信路径，新的通信路径包括所述独占物理资源中的所述至少一个。

公开(公告)号：US20140233946A1

公开(公告)日：2014-08-21

申请号：US13769355

申请日：2013-02-17

申请人： Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Zafar Ali ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  George Leonard Swallow ,  Matthew Hartley

发明人： Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Zafar Ali ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  George Leonard Swallow ,  Matthew Hartley

IPC分类号： H04B10/27

CPC分类号： H04B10/27 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/125 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/42 ,  H04L45/62

摘要： In one embodiment, a replacement network communications path is determined using dedicated resources of an existing path. One or more network elements in a network determines a new communications path between a first network node and a second network node in the network while an existing communications path is currently configured in the network to carry traffic between the first and second network nodes. The existing communications path includes one or more exclusive physical resources dedicated to the existing communications path. The new communications path includes at least one of said exclusive physical resources dedicated to the existing communications path. One embodiment includes: subsequent to said determining the new communications path, removing the existing communications path from service, and then instantiating the new communications path, with the new communications path including said at least one of said exclusive physical resources.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，使用现有路径的专用资源来确定替换网络通信路径。 网络中的一个或多个网络元件确定网络中的第一网络节点和第二网络节点之间的新的通信路径，而现有的通信路径当前被配置在网络中以承载第一和第二网络节点之间的业务。 现有的通信路径包括专用于现有通信路径的一个或多个专用物理资源。 新的通信路径包括专用于现有通信路径的所述独占物理资源中的至少一个。 一个实施例包括：在所述确定新的通信路径之后，从服务中移除现有的通信路径，然后实例化新的通信路径，新的通信路径包括所述独占物理资源中的所述至少一个。

公开(公告)号：US09258174B1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-09

申请号：US13802053

申请日：2013-03-13

申请人： Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Zafar Ali ,  Walid Wakim ,  Clarence Filsfils

发明人： Ornan Alexander Gerstel ,  Zafar Ali ,  Walid Wakim ,  Clarence Filsfils

IPC分类号： G06F15/16 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04L12/701

CPC分类号： H04L29/06537 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0267 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/10 ,  H04L45/30 ,  H04L69/24 ,  H04Q11/0062 ,  H04Q2011/0081

摘要： In one embodiment, negotiation is performed between the client-layer (e.g., Layer-3 or Layer-2) network and the server-layer (e.g., optical) network to establish a path through the server-layer network with desired server-layer characteristics. This negotiation may include a first iteration of a client-layer request of one or more first server-layer characteristics followed by a negative server-layer response, and a subsequent iteration of a particular client-layer request of one or more particular server-layer characteristics followed by a positive server-layer response, with said particular server-layer characteristics including at least one relaxed server-layer characteristic of said first server-layer characteristics. One embodiment establishes, in response a client-layer request to the server-layer network responsive to the positive server-layer response, a server-layer path between said two client-layer devices that satisfies said particular server-layer characteristics, but does not satisfy said first server-layer characteristics.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，在客户端层（例如，第3层或第2层）网络和服务器层（例如，光纤）网络之间进行协商，以建立通过服务器层网络的路径，其中期望的服务器层 特点 该协商可以包括一个或多个第一服务器层特征的客户端层请求的第一次迭代，随后是否定的服务器层响应，以及一个或多个特定服务器层的特定客户端层请求的后续迭代 所述特征随后是积极的服务器层响应，所述特定服务器层特性包括所述第一服务器层特性的至少一个放宽的服务器层特性。 响应于服务器层网络响应于正服务器层响应的客户层请求，建立满足所述特定服务器层特性的所述两个客户端层设备之间的服务器层路径，但是不 满足第一个服务器层的特点。

公开(公告)号：US07626925B1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-01

申请号：US10465179

申请日：2003-06-19

申请人： Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Zafar Ali ,  Jean Philippe Vasseur ,  Carol E. Iturralde

发明人： Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Zafar Ali ,  Jean Philippe Vasseur ,  Carol E. Iturralde

IPC分类号： H04J1/00

CPC分类号： H04J3/14 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/50

摘要： Methods and apparatus for unambiguously identifying merge points associated with backup label switched paths (LSPs) which substantially bypass border routers included along a primary LSP are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for finding a merge point between a primary LSP and a backup LSP which has a head-end and a tail-end in different regions includes obtaining identifying information, which identifies nodes on the path of the primary LSP, from a record route object associated with the primary LSP. The method also includes comparing a node address of the identifying information with a destination address of the backup LSP or a node address present in a node identifier (node-ID) subobject of the backup LSP to identify the merge point.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于明确地标识与沿着主LSP包括的边界路由器基本上绕过的备份标签交换路径（LSP）相关联的合并点的方法和装置。 根据本发明的一个方面，一种在不同区域中具有头端和尾端的主LSP和备用LSP之间的合并点的方法包括：获得识别信息，其识别路径上的节点 主LSP，与主LSP关联的记录路由对象。 该方法还包括将识别信息的节点地址与备份LSP的目的地址或存在于备份LSP的子节点的节点标识符（node-ID）中的节点地址进行比较，以标识合并点。

公开(公告)号：US07457248B1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-25

申请号：US10775855

申请日：2004-02-10

申请人： Zafar Ali ,  Anca Zamfir ,  David D. Ward ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Peter Psenak

发明人： Zafar Ali ,  Anca Zamfir ,  David D. Ward ,  Stefano B. Previdi ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Peter Psenak

IPC分类号： G01R31/08

CPC分类号： H04L43/0811 ,  H04L41/0681 ,  H04W48/08

摘要： A technique gracefully shuts down network resources, such as nodes, interfaces and protocols, in a data network in a manner that minimizes network disruption. The technique may be used with both connectionless and connection-oriented networking systems. A node gracefully shuts down a network resource associated with the node by i) notifying other nodes in the network that the resource is being gracefully shutdown, ii) waiting for a condition to occur, and iii) when the condition occurs, shutting down the resource. The condition may include the expiration of a predetermined amount of time and/or monitoring the resource to determine if the resource has reached a certain level of activity. In response to receiving a notification that a resource is being gracefully shutdown, a node takes action to reroute traffic around the resource. If no alternative route is available, the node may continue to route traffic to the resource until it is shut down.

摘要翻译： 一种技术以最小化网络中断的方式，在数据网络中正常地关闭网络资源，如节点，接口和协议。 该技术可以与无连接和面向连接的网络系统一起使用。 一个节点通过i）通知网络中的其他节点资源被正常地关闭，从而正常地关闭与该节点相关联的网络资源，ii）等待状况发生，以及iii）当该情况发生时，关闭该资源 。 条件可以包括预定时间量的到期和/或监视资源以确定资源是否已经达到一定的活动水平。 响应收到资源正常关闭的通知，节点将采取行动重新路由资源周围的流量。 如果没有替代路由可用，节点可以继续将流量路由到资源，直到其被关闭。

公开(公告)号：US20140064062A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-06

申请号：US13600834

申请日：2012-08-31

申请人： Michel Taillon ,  Tarek Saad ,  Rakesh Gandhi ,  Zafar Ali

发明人： Michel Taillon ,  Tarek Saad ,  Rakesh Gandhi ,  Zafar Ali

IPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  H04L29/14

CPC分类号： H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/50

摘要： In one embodiment, network devices are configured to route traffic and signaling onto co-routed bypass tunnels. Co-routed bypass tunnels protect against node or link failures in a label switched paths. The co-routed bypass tunnels provide bidirectional protection. In one example, a node acting as the point of local repair (PLR) receives a resource reservation state message at a first node and extracts a tunnel sender address from the reservation state message. The PLR is configured to identify a bypass tunnel to a second node in the reverse direction of the label switched path and signal resource reservation messages over the bypass tunnel in the reverse direction. In another example, a PLR receives a resource reservation message with bypass tunnel identification and the PLR is configured to identify a bypass tunnel to a second node in the reverse direction.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，网络设备被配置为将通信量和信令路由到共路由旁路隧道。 路由旁路隧道可防止标签交换路径中的节点或链路故障。 共路旁路隧道提供双向保护。 在一个示例中，充当本地修复点（PLR）的节点在第一节点处接收资源预留状态消息，并从预留状态消息中提取隧道发送方地址。 PLR被配置为在相反方向上通过旁路隧道来识别在标签交换路径的相反方向上的第二节点的旁路隧道和信号资源预留消息。 在另一示例中，PLR接收具有旁路隧道标识的资源预留消息，并且PLR被配置为在相反方向上识别到第二节点的旁路隧道。

公开(公告)号：US20120114748A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US13292405

申请日：2011-11-09

申请人： Arwinder Nagi ,  Ramarao Chatlapalli ,  Shamim Hasan ,  Zafar Ali ,  Mohamed Ghorab

发明人： Arwinder Nagi ,  Ramarao Chatlapalli ,  Shamim Hasan ,  Zafar Ali ,  Mohamed Ghorab

IPC分类号： A61K31/567 ,  A61P15/18 ,  A61P5/24 ,  A61K9/48

CPC分类号： A61K31/567 ,  A61K9/1623 ,  A61K9/1652 ,  A61K9/1682 ,  A61K9/2018 ,  A61K9/2054 ,  A61K9/2077 ,  A61K9/2095 ,  A61K9/4808 ,  A61K31/00 ,  A61K31/536 ,  A61K31/538 ,  A61K31/56 ,  A61K31/565 ,  A61K2300/00

摘要： Compositions containing micronized tanaproget, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and ethinyl estradiol and methods of preparing the same are provided. Also provided are kits containing the compositions, methods of contraception and hormone replacement therapy including administering a composition containing micronized tanaproget and ethinyl estradiol.

摘要翻译： 提供了含有微粉化的tanaproget或其药学上可接受的盐和乙炔雌二醇的组合物及其制备方法。 还提供了包含组合物，避孕方法和激素替代疗法的试剂盒，其包括施用含有微粉化的萘普生和乙炔雌二醇的组合物。

公开(公告)号：US06597684B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-22

申请号：US08998223

申请日：1997-12-24

申请人： Neeraj Gulati ,  Zafar Ali ,  Saman A. Rabie ,  Ling-Yue Hung

发明人： Neeraj Gulati ,  Zafar Ali ,  Saman A. Rabie ,  Ling-Yue Hung

IPC分类号： H04L1228

CPC分类号： H04L47/822 ,  H04L47/70 ,  H04L47/783 ,  H04L47/805 ,  H04L47/826 ,  H04L47/829 ,  H04L2012/562 ,  H04L2012/5621 ,  H04L2012/5631 ,  H04L2012/5638 ,  H04Q11/0478

摘要： In a packet switching network, a distributed architecture provides efficient computation of routes in Quality of Service (QoS)-based routing scenarios. Using a client-server model, only designated route servers store and maintain a database containing the entire network topology, so that each network node is not required to store and maintain the network topology. Client nodes maintain a cache containing pre-computed routes so that they can often make routing decisions autonomously. A client contacts a designated route server only when the client cannot obtain from its local cache a route to a given destination that meets the performance requirements. A client cache may contain pre-computed routes with designated QoS profiles to all destinations or to a subset of destinations. Route servers may also contain caches, which may contain pre-computed routes to all destinations in the network with all QoS profiles, or may contain only a subset of such routes. Each client node may also be provided with intelligence to learn, maintain and adapt local information based on the statistical usage of the network. Client caches may learn statically, i.e, the cache contains routes based on a QoS profile provided by the network service provider, or they may learn dynamically, i.e., routes are modified based on ongoing network usage statistics. The goal is to minimize the need to contact the route server as much as possible. Protocols are defined to maintain synchronization between the route server and its clients distributed across the network. These protocols need to be observed to ensure that all nodes have the latest view of the network topology stored at the route server.

摘要翻译： 在分组交换网络中，分布式架构提供了基于服务质量（QoS）的路由场景中路由的有效计算。 使用客户端 - 服务器模型，只有指定的路由服务器才能存储和维护包含整个网络拓扑的数据库，以便每个网络节点不需要存储和维护网络拓扑。 客户机节点维护包含预先计算的路由的高速缓存，使得它们经常可以自主地进行路由决定。 只有当客户端无法从本地缓存获取到达到性能要求的给定目的地的路由时，客户端才能联系指定的路由服务器。 客户端缓存可以包含具有指定的QoS简档的预先计算的路由到所有目的地或目的地的子集。 路由服务器还可以包含高速缓存，其可以包含具有所有QoS简档的网络中所有目的地的预先计算的路由，或者可以仅包含这样的路由的子集。每个客户端节点还可以被提供以学习，维护和适应 基于网络的统计使用的本地信息。 客户端缓存可以静态地学习，即，高速缓存包含基于由网络服务提供商提供的QoS简档的路由，或者它们可以动态地学习，即基于正在进行的网络使用统计来修改路由。 目标是尽量减少与路由服务器的联系。 定义协议以维护路由服务器与其分布在网络上的客户端之间的同步。 需要观察这些协议，以确保所有节点具有存储在路由服务器上的网络拓扑的最新视图。

公开(公告)号：US09112713B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-18

申请号：US13534543

申请日：2012-06-27

申请人： Rakesh Gandhi ,  Zafar Ali

发明人： Rakesh Gandhi ,  Zafar Ali

IPC分类号： G01R31/08 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/703

CPC分类号： H04L12/1863 ,  H04L12/185 ,  H04L45/28

摘要： A path protection method that includes: establishing a point to multi-point (P2MP) tree spanning from a head node to a plurality of tail nodes, the P2MP tree providing a label switched path (LSP) from the head node to a particular tail node; identifying a first and a second pluralities of source-to-leaf (S2L) sub-LSPs for the LSP included within the P2MP tree, each corresponding pair of S2L sub-LSP in the first and second pluralities are path diverse; setting a first flag in a RSVP path message to designate the second plurality of S2L sub-LSPs as protecting respective S2L sub-LSPs in the first plurality at a baseline level of protection; setting a second flag to designate a subset of S2L sub-LSPs in the second plurality as protecting respective S2L sub-LSPs in the first plurality at an elevated level of protection; and transmitting the RSVP path message.

摘要翻译： 一种路径保护方法，包括：建立从头节点到多个尾节点的多点（P2MP）点的点，所述P2MP树提供从头节点到特定尾节点的标签交换路径（LSP） ; 识别P2MP树中包含的LSP的第一和第二多个源 - 叶（S2L）子LSP，第一和第二多个的每个对应的S2L子LSP对都是路径多样的; 在RSVP路径消息中设置第一标志，以将第二多个S2L子LSP指定为在基准保护级别保护第一组中的各个S2L子LSP; 设置第二标志以指定第二多个中的S2L子LSP的子集，以在提升的保护级别上保护第一多个中的各个S2L子LSP; 并发送RSVP路径消息。