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公开(公告)号：US1717161A
公开(公告)日：1929-06-11
申请号：US69553424
申请日：1924-02-27
IPC分类号： F01K25/02
CPC分类号： F01K25/02 , F02G2250/12
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公开(公告)号：US1487664A
公开(公告)日：1924-03-18
申请号：US62159423
申请日：1923-02-27
IPC分类号： F01K25/02
CPC分类号： F01K25/02 , F02G2250/12
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公开(公告)号：US06178750B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09341404
申请日：1999-11-15
IPC分类号： F01K2502
CPC分类号： F01K25/02 , F02G2250/12
摘要： The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the conversion of low-grade heat into mechanical energy, in particular electricity. To this end a working medium is heated in a closed circulation system causing the working medium to expand. The expansion produces mechanical energy. The heat remaining in the working medium is abstracted by a cooling medium in counterflow, to be reutilized for the production of mechanical energy. This makes its possible to achieve a high degree of efficiently. Due to cooling the working medium contracts and this contributes to the achievement of a high degree of efficiency. The working medium is preferably a paraffine.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于将低等级热转换成机械能，特别是电的方法和装置。 为此，工作介质在封闭循环系统中加热，导致工作介质膨胀。 膨胀产生机械能。 工作介质中残留的热量被逆流中的冷却介质吸收，以便重新利用以产生机械能。 这使得其可以高效地实现。 由于工作介质的冷却缩短，这有助于实现高效率。 工作介质优选为石蜡。
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公开(公告)号：US4353218A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-12
申请号：US154173
申请日：1980-05-28
CPC分类号： F25B23/00 , F25B30/00 , F02G2250/12
摘要： A heat transfer device is described that can be operated as a heat pump or refrigerator, which utilizes a working fluid that is continuously in a liquid state and which has a high temperature-coefficient of expansion near room temperature, to provide a compact and high efficiency heat transfer device for relatively small temperature differences as are encountered in heating or cooling rooms or the like. The heat transfer device includes a pair of heat exchangers that may be coupled respectively to the outdoor and indoor environments, a regenerator connecting the two heat exchangers, a displacer that can move the liquid working fluid through the heat exchangers via the regenerator, and a means for alternately increasing and decreasing the pressure of the working fluid. The liquid working fluid enables efficient heat transfer in a compact unit, and leads to an explosion-proof smooth and quiet machine characteristic of hydraulics. The device enables efficient heat transfer as the indoor-outdoor temperature difference approaches zero, and enables simple conversion from heat pumping to refrigeration as by merely reversing the direction of a motor that powers the device.
摘要翻译： 描述了可以作为热泵或冰箱操作的传热装置，其利用连续处于液态并且在室温附近具有高温膨胀系数的工作流体，以提供紧凑和高效率 传热装置，在加热或冷却室等中遇到的温差相对较小。 传热装置包括可分别连接到室外环境的一对热交换器，连接两个热交换器的再生器，能够通过再生器将液体工作流体移动通过热交换器的置换器， 用于交替地增加和减小工作流体的压力。 液体工作液能够在紧凑的单元中进行有效的热传递，并且可以实现液压系统的防爆平滑和安静的机器特性。 该装置能够在室内 - 室外温差接近零时实现有效的热传递，并且仅通过逆转为装置供电的电动机的方向实现从热泵送到制冷的简单转换。
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公开(公告)号：US4637211A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-20
申请号：US761600
申请日：1985-08-01
申请人： Dowell White , Daniel L. Craig , Jack L. Duke , Donald H. Laurie
发明人： Dowell White , Daniel L. Craig , Jack L. Duke , Donald H. Laurie
IPC分类号： F01K25/02
CPC分类号： F01K25/02 , F02G2250/12
摘要： An apparatus and method for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy utilizing a heat engine having a liquid working fluid which remains in liquid state in a closed fluid system throughout the entire cycle. The closed fluid system for the liquid working fluid includes a pair of double acting displacer cylinders (18, 20) in opposed cycling relation to each other and alternating between low pressure working fluid and high pressure working fluid. High temperature high pressure working fluid from a heat exchanger (12) including a plurality of thin heat transfer plates is provided alternately to the cylinders (18, 20) by the actuation of control valves (24, 28). The heat exchanger (12), a heater (14), and a cooler (16) are arranged between the control valves (24, 28) and the flow of low pressure working fluid and high pressure working fluid in adjacent paths through the heat exchanger (12) between the control valves (24, 28) is always in the same direction for each path.
摘要翻译： 一种利用具有液体工作流体的发动机将热能转换为机械能的装置和方法，所述液体工作流体在整个循环中处于闭合流体系统中保持液态。 用于液体工作流体的封闭流体系统包括彼此相对的循环关系的一对双作用置换气缸（18,20），并且在低压工作流体和高压工作流体之间交替。 来自包括多个薄传热板的热交换器（12）的高温高压工作流体通过致动控制阀（24,28）交替地设置到气缸（18,20）。 在控制阀（24,28）之间布置有热交换器（12），加热器（14）和冷却器（16）以及通过热交换器的相邻路径中的低压工作流体和高压工作流体的流动 控制阀（24,28）之间的通道（12）对于每条路径总是处于相同的方向。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4280060A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-21
申请号：US157348
申请日：1980-06-09
IPC分类号： F01D17/24 , F01D15/00 , F01D17/00 , F01D17/02 , F01D19/00 , F01D21/00 , F01D25/26 , F01K7/38 , F01K13/00 , F01K13/02 , F22B20060101 , G05B13/00 , G05B13/02 , G05B15/00 , G05B19/00 , G09B15/00 , H02P9/04
CPC分类号： F01D17/24 , F01D17/26 , F01K13/02 , F02G2250/12 , F05D2220/31
摘要： A dedicated supervisory control system for a steam turbine-generator comprising a hierarchy of microcomputer subsystems interactive with a conventional analog electrohydraulic control system to provide control and monitoring capabilities during all operating phases of the turbine-generator. The separate microcomputer subsystems are programmed for coordinated interaction and communication through shared, dual-port read/write memory units and each microcomputer subsystem is programmed and configured to handle a separate group of control responsibilities in a distributed control system. The microcomputer hierarchy includes an input and calculations computer having means for interfacing with analog input data sources and sensors which report on various operating parameters of the turbine-generator and from which thermal and mechanical stress and other derived quantities are calculated; a display and communications computer adapted to interface with a plant computer and with an operator control panel and other display and readout devices whereby operating personnel may interact with the control system; and a control computer, standing at the top of the hierarchy, for receiving information from the other computers, for making decisions based on that information and, through input/output ports, for providing the electrohydraulic control system with directions for optimal control of the turbine-generator within its thermal and mechanical limitations. The dedicated supervisory controller provides a plurality of operating modes.
摘要翻译： 一种用于蒸汽涡轮发电机的专用监控系统，包括与常规模拟电液控制系统交互的微机子系统的层级，以在涡轮发电机的所有运行阶段提供控制和监测能力。 单独的微计算机子系统被编程为通过共享的双端口读/写存储器单元进行协调的交互和通信，并且每个微机子系统被编程和配置为在分布式控制系统中处理单独的一组控制责任。 微机层级包括输入和计算计算机，其具有用于与模拟输入数据源进行接口的装置和报告涡轮发电机的各种运行参数的传感器，并计算出热和机械应力和其他导出量; 显示和通信计算机，其适于与工厂计算机以及操作员控制面板和其他显示和读出装置接口，由此操作人员可与控制系统相互作用; 以及位于层次结构顶部的控制计算机，用于从其他计算机接收信息，用于基于该信息做出决定，并且通过输入/输出端口为电液控制系统提供用于涡轮机的最佳控制的方向 - 发电机在其热和机械限制下。 专用监控控制器提供多种操作模式。
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