摘要:
Provided are a method and an arrangement for monitoring performance of a burner of a suspension smelting furnace. The burner is arranged at the top structure of a reaction shaft of the suspension smelting furnace. The burner has a solids feeding channel that has a solids outlet opening up into the reaction shaft, and a reaction gas channel comprising a reaction gas channel a that has a reaction gas outlet opening up into the reaction shaft. The arrangement comprises at least one imaging means for producing images representing the cross-section of the reaction gas channel, and a processing means for receiving images of the cross-section of the reaction gas channel from the imaging means.
摘要:
A flame sensor apparatus includes a sensor assembly. The sensor assembly includes a photodiode for sensing characteristics of a flame. The photodiode outputs an electrical photocurrent. The sensor assembly includes an electrical assembly that is electrically remote from the sensor assembly. The sensor assembly includes an electric cable assembly extending from the sensor assembly to the electrical assembly. The electric cable assembly includes an electrical cable to electrically convey the photocurrent to the electrical assembly. At least the sensor assembly is configured and constructed to experience and continue to operate at a temperature at or greater than 200° C.
摘要:
The state of a flame in a subject combustor of a gas turbine engine is acoustically monitored using a dynamic pressure sensor within the subject combustor and one or more additional sensors in nearby combustors. Dynamic pressure sensor output signals from the sensors are cross correlated to identify acoustic oscillations generated by a flame in the subject combustor and received by the sensors. The cross correlation may be constrained by a maximum time delay between correlated components of the signals, based on physical characteristics.
摘要:
A flame detector in photonic communication with a no-flame region of a combustor of a gas turbine may emit a signal when a photon is detected. A controller may be arranged to receive a signal from the flame detector and may determine whether a flame presence in the no-flame region is indicated responsive to the signal.
摘要:
A combustion apparatus (water heater) includes a combustion unit (burner) combusting fuel, at least two flame detector (flame rods) detecting whether there is a flame or not in the combustion unit, a determination unit (control device) determining whether or not there is a misfire, based on detected results of the flame detectors, and a control unit (control device) stopping supply of the fuel to the combustion unit in response to a determined result of the determination unit.
摘要:
A system is disclosed for actively controlling combustion in a gas turbine engine, which includes a fuel injector for issuing fuel into a combustion chamber of the gas turbine engine. The fuel injector has a dynamic pressure sensor for measuring acoustic pressure within the combustion chamber and a flame sensor for observing flame characteristics within the combustion chamber. The system further includes a high speed valve assembly for controlling flow of fuel to the injector and an electronic controller associated with the fuel injector for commanding the valve assembly to deliver fuel to the fuel injector at a commanded flow rate, based upon input from the sensors in the fuel injector.
摘要:
An ignition/reignition circuit (10) for a gas burner (12) having separate flame sensing and ignition electrodes. The flame sensing electrode (25,30) trips a switch (Q1) upon transition from sensor output signals indicative of the sensed presence of a flame to a sensed absence. The switch is coupled to a spark generator circuit which includes a spark electrode (16) for reigniting the burner in the event of flame failure.
摘要:
A gas and solid fuel burning chamber is provided with a control system for the safe and efficient operation of a gas burner. The simple control system uses multiple thermocouples in series to permit the safe operation of the gas burner in a vented device without the need for a draft hood. A combination of gas and solid fuel is demonstrated where gas can be used to start the solid or as an independent source of heat. The control system comprises generally of thermocouples for measuring the flame temperature, the combusted gas temperature and the overall chamber internal temperature and producing signals to regulate the flow of fuel to the gas burner in response thereto.
摘要:
This invention relates to control circuits of the type which continuously monitor their own performance so as to be self-checking, i.e., to produce a response whenever the system shows the absence of a condition being monitored or a change therein and also produces a response if the control system itself should become inoperative or otherwise malfunction.
摘要:
A flame sensing system according to the invention makes use of infra-red rays produced by resonant radiation of carbon dioxide in a flame and gives no wrong information due to discharge of thunder or sunlight and has high sensitivity with good S/N ratio. The flame sensing system is characterized in that when a ratio of an output of intensity of a first radiation produced by resonant radiation of carbon dioxide to an output of intensity of a second radiation having a wavelength located in the vicinity of the wavelength of said first radiation in the region of wavelength in which there is little absorption by the carbon dioxide in the air exceeds a predetermined value, difference in intensity between said first radiation and said second radiation is detected either by increasing the output of said first radiation or by decreasing the output of said second radiation thereby to give a warning.