Abstract:
A device for filing and/or abrading the multiple surfaces and/or edges of an object end so that they are less sharp, rough, dangerous, or so that they better conform to a desired shape. Embodiments of the device may comprise filing surfaces for filing the multiple object surfaces and/or edges thereof without requiring substantial repositioning of either the device or the object with surfaces and/or edges being filed. Moreover, embodiments of the device may be useful for filing sets of both the inner and outer object surfaces and/or edges thereof without requiring substantial repositioning of either the device or the object, and therefore in a more efficient and less dangerous manner. It is anticipated that some embodiments may comprise filing surfaces arranged in a manner configured to file the surfaces and/or edges of a strut end.
Abstract:
The aim of the invention is to improve the surface quality of slabs (5) having a thickness of up to 400 mm, that are produced in a continuous process from continuous casting to hot-rolling, for example according to the CSP method, by means of an in-line surface treatment. To this end, a defined surface layer of the slab (5) with a layer thickness per slab side of up to 4 mm is oxidised in a targeted manner by an oxidising flame or an oxidising gas mixture applied to the upper and lower sides of the slab (5) by means of an oxidation device containing nozzles or a similar device, said layer being removed later on during the process. The oxidation product on the slab surface can be solid or liquid.
Abstract:
A continuous system for automatically manufacturing an axle is provided. The system includes a plurality of sub-systems and an automated transport system. The plurality of sub-systems includes a furnace configured to heat a billet to a predetermined forging temperature, a forging system configured to forge an axle from a heated billet, and a machining system configured to form a machined axle from said axle. The automated transport system is configured to automatically transport a product to and from each of the plurality of sub-systems. The product includes the billet, the axle, and the machined axle.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method of removing scale from the surfaces of processed sheet metal and tubular metal employs a scale removing medium propelled by counter-rotating pairs of wheels positioned in close proximity to the metal surfaces.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing an axle is provided. The method includes heating a billet at a heating station to a predetermined temperature, forging the heated billet at a forging station to form an axle, and machining the axle at a machining station to form a machined axle. A product is automatically transported to and from each station using a product transport system, wherein the product includes the billet, the axle and the machined axle.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for the descaling of metal surfaces without the use of caustic substances is provided. The apparatus includes a first and second blast heads containing nozzles that spray high velocity jets of media at a scale covered continuous sheet of steel. The continuous sheet of steel is advanced into an abrading station containing a pair of brush assemblies that include stainless steel bristled brushes. The stainless steel brushes engage the surface of the sheet of steel and abrade away the cracked scale, leaving a surface clean of scale. The surface produced is pH neutral and therefore resists additional corrosion and does not require oil coatings, or other protective treatments. Eliminating these steps makes for a faster, more robust process and saves considerable cost.
Abstract:
Martensitic stainless steel whose steel composition is restricted within a specific range for each element is provided. The scale layer formed on the surface of the base material consists of an inner layer scale mainly including FeCr2O4 and an outer layer scale having a thickness of not more than 20 μm, which outer layer is deposited on the inner layer scale at a surface coverage of not less than 1% and not more than 15%. The application of rust preventive oil onto the surface of the steel ensures an excellent weather resistance during a long term, and therefore a martensitic stainless steel forming no rust either in the outdoor depository or in the indoor depository can be provided. The steel can be used to manufacture, not only steel pipes, but also steel plates, steel rods and others in a wide application field.
Abstract translation:提供钢组成限制在每个元件的特定范围内的马氏体不锈钢。 形成在基材表面上的鳞层由主要包含FeCr 2 O 4 O 4的内层鳞片和厚度不大于20的外层鳞片组成 母体,其外层以不小于1%且不大于15%的表面覆盖层沉积在内层标尺上。 防锈油在钢表面的应用确保了长时间的优异的耐候性,因此可以提供在户外存放室或室内保管库中不生锈的马氏体不锈钢。 该钢铁不仅可用于钢管,还可用于广泛应用领域的钢板,钢棒等。