公开(公告)号：US06486982B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-26

申请号：US09168585

申请日：1998-10-08

申请人： Frank Davis

发明人： Frank Davis

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/30 ,  G02B5/1842 ,  G03H1/26 ,  G03H2001/0482 ,  G03H2001/0497 ,  G03H2223/12 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A system for converting an image into a hologram formed from diffraction gratings includes obtaining image data for each pixel in an image to be converted, putting it into digital form and using the image data to control portions of a laser beam split into a reference beam and at least one object beam. The diffraction gratings are formed by an interference pattern of a reference beam and at least one object beam intersecting on the surface of a photoresist material on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Modulation of at least one object beam and adjustment of the angle at which that beam interferes with the reference beam on the photoresist material is used to reflect image data for each pixel of the image being converted into a hologram consisting of diffraction gratings. By using this technique and selecting the spacings between pixel pairs on the photosensitive surface, the angle at which a viewer will see a predetermined image or reflecting light from the hologram is determined, as well as the apparent position of the image created by reflecting light from the hologram constituted by the spaced diffraction gratings.

摘要翻译： 用于将图像转换成由衍射光栅形成的全息图的系统包括获得要转换的图像中的每个像素的图像数据，将其变成数字形式并使用图像数据来控制分割成参考光束的激光束的部分，以及 至少一个物体光束。 衍射光栅由参考光束的干涉图案和至少一个物镜光束在逐像素的基础上与光致抗蚀剂材料的表面相交而形成。 使用至少一个物体光束的调制和光束干涉光刻胶材料上的参考光束的角度的调整，以反映被转换成由衍射光栅组成的全息图的图像的每个像素的图像数据。 通过使用该技术并选择感光表面上的像素对之间的间隔，确定观察者将看到预定图像或反射来自全息图的光的角度以及通过反射来自全息图的光的图像的视在位置 由间隔的衍射光栅构成的全息图。

公开(公告)号：US06621605B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-16

申请号：US09856482

申请日：2001-06-11

申请人： Jean-Claude Grossetie ,  Pierre Noirard

发明人： Jean-Claude Grossetie ,  Pierre Noirard

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/26 ,  G03H1/08 ,  G03H1/0808 ,  G03H1/2249 ,  G03H1/2294 ,  G03H2001/2263 ,  G03H2001/2297 ,  G03H2001/2655 ,  G03H2210/30 ,  G03H2210/454

摘要： A three-dimensional image is stored (E0) in a computer memory in the form of digital data and defined in a three-dimensional geometrical space. Two-dimensional images are calculated (E1) by determining, in the three-dimensional geometrical space, the intersections between the three-dimensional image and a plurality of parallel section planes. Respective holograms are calculated (E2) for the two-dimensional images, and are then reproduced (E3) sequentially on a spatial light modulator illuminated by a coherent light source. A transparent three-dimensional image is thus reproduced.

摘要翻译： 三维图像以数字数据形式存储在计算机存储器中，并以三维几何空间定义。 通过在三维几何空间中确定三维图像和多个平行截面之间的交点来计算二维图像（E1）。 对于二维图像计算各个全息图（E2），然后在由相干光源照明的空间光调制器上依次再现（E3）。 因此，再现透明的三维图像。

公开(公告)号：US06377368B2

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09893088

申请日：2001-06-26

申请人： Dan Kikinis

发明人： Dan Kikinis

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/00 ,  B41J2/06 ,  B41J2002/061 ,  G03H1/0248 ,  G03H1/08 ,  G03H1/0841 ,  G03H1/24 ,  G03H1/26 ,  G03H2001/0484 ,  G03H2001/263 ,  G03H2001/2695 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A system for producing a white-light interference hologram includes a camera adapted for recording a first and a second bitmap image of a scene from separate vantage points, and the separation distance of the vantage points, a computing engine adapted to compute three-dimensional x, y, and z characteristics of an interference hologram topology for the scene from the bitmap image and separation data, wherein x and y are two dimensional locations of bits in a bitmap of the topology and z is a depth dimension for each x,y bit, and a printer adapted to print in color the x,y bitmap, and to create the depth dimension z at each x,y bit location, providing thereby a three-dimensional interference hologram topology for the scene. In a preferred embodiment the depth dimension is created by electrophoresis, using a medium having an electrophoretic gel layer, with the ink applied to the gel in a bit-mapped pattern being ionic in nature, and capable of being migrated in the gel layer by electrophoresis. In other embodiments the third dimension is provided by using magnetic ink and migrating the bits using controlled magnetic fields.

公开(公告)号：US06344909B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-05

申请号：US09530967

申请日：2000-05-19

申请人： Jean-Claude Grossetie ,  Pierre Noirard

发明人： Jean-Claude Grossetie ,  Pierre Noirard

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/08 ,  G03H2210/20

摘要： The method consists of transforming a digital two-dimensional image defined by a real function into a complex two-dimensional image defined by a complex function, oversampling the complex image, simulating the production of a diffracted image resulting from the diffraction of an optical wave by the oversampled complex image, and adding a complex field representing a reference optical wave to the resulting diffracted image to produce a hologram. The hologram produced in this way can be used to produce images in three dimensions or in telecommunications.

摘要翻译： 该方法包括将由真实函数定义的数字二维图像转换为由复函数定义的复数二维图像，对复数图像进行过采样，模拟由光波衍射产生的衍射图像的产生 过采样复数图像，并将表示参考光波的复数场添加到所得衍射图像以产生全息图。 以这种方式产生的全息图可用于产生三维或电信中的图像。

公开(公告)号：US06771402B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-03

申请号：US09964532

申请日：2001-09-28

申请人： Gregory S. Snider

发明人： Gregory S. Snider

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/08 ,  G03H1/0808 ,  G03H1/0891 ,  G03H2001/0478 ,  G03H2210/30 ,  G03H2210/40

摘要： A method and system for generating a hologram include a computer (104) connected to a printer (108). A mathematical description (102) of an object, including for example the physical dimensions of the object, is provided to the computer (104). The computer (104) computes a holographic interference pattern based on the mathematical description (102) of the object, and than transmits the computed holographic interference pattern data (106) to the printer (108). The printer (108) prints or otherwise fixes the holographic interference pattern to a print medium (107) to produce a holograph (110). A holographic (three-dimensional) image (114) of the object can then be produced by directing a light beam (118) from a light source (112) onto a surface of the hologram (110), so that the light will interfere with the pattern to generate the holographic image (114).

摘要翻译： 用于产生全息图的方法和系统包括连接到打印机（108）的计算机（104）。 包括例如对象的物理尺寸的对象的数学描述（102）被提供给计算机（104）。 计算机（104）基于物体的数学描述（102）计算全息干涉图案，并且将计算出的全息干涉图案数据（106）发送到打印机（108）。 打印机（108）将全息干涉图案打印或以其它方式固定到打印介质（107）以产生全息图（110）。 然后可以通过将来自光源（112）的光束（118）引导到全息图（110）的表面上来产生物体的全息（三维）图像（114），使得光将干扰 生成全息图像的图案（114）。

公开(公告)号：US06330086B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-11

申请号：US09543549

申请日：2000-04-05

申请人： Laurent Collot ,  Frédérique Le Clerc ,  Michel Gross

发明人： Laurent Collot ,  Frédérique Le Clerc ,  Michel Gross

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/0005 ,  G03H1/0443 ,  G03H1/0866 ,  G03H2001/0033 ,  G03H2001/0038 ,  G03H2001/0426 ,  G03H2001/0447 ,  G03H2001/0458 ,  G03H2001/046 ,  G03H2001/0463 ,  G03H2001/0471 ,  G03H2001/0883 ,  G03H2210/12 ,  G03H2210/62 ,  G03H2222/13 ,  G03H2222/31 ,  G03H2222/33 ,  G03H2223/12 ,  G03H2223/16 ,  G03H2223/52 ,  G03H2225/31 ,  G03H2226/11 ,  G03H2226/13 ,  G03H2240/56 ,  G03H2240/62

摘要： A digital holography device, applicable for example to the 3D mapping of objects, is used to determine the complex amplitude of a signal wave coming from an object illuminated by a known illumination wave. For this purpose, the device includes a source for the generation of two mutually coherent waves, the object illumination wave and a reference wave, the two waves having a phase difference &phgr;i(t) that is a function of time. The device also includes a mechanism configured to induce an interference, on a detection device, between the reference wave and the signal wave coming from the object. The detection device enables a temporal sampling of the interference pattern resulting in the acquisition of a number N of interferograms, N being greater than or equal to 2. Each interferogram corresponds to a distinct phase difference between the signal wave and the reference wave that are incident on the detection device, the complex amplitude of the signal wave being then determined from the processing of the interferograms.

摘要翻译： 使用数字全息设备，例如适用于物体的3D映射，用于确定来自由已知照明波照射的物体的信号波的复振幅。 为此，该装置包括用于产生两个相互相干的波的源，对象照明波和参考波，两个波具有作为时间的函数的相位差phii（t）。 该装置还包括被配置为在检测装置上引起来自对象的参考波和信号波之间的干扰的机构。 检测装置能够对干涉图案进行时间采样，导致获得N个干涉图，N大于或等于2.每个干涉图对应于信号波和入射的参考波之间的明显的相位差 在检测装置上，然后根据干涉图的处理确定信号波的复振幅。

公开(公告)号：US06292277B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-18

申请号：US09173904

申请日：1998-10-16

申请人： Dan Kikinis

发明人： Dan Kikinis

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/00 ,  B41J2/06 ,  B41J2002/061 ,  G03H1/0248 ,  G03H1/08 ,  G03H1/0841 ,  G03H1/24 ,  G03H1/26 ,  G03H2001/0484 ,  G03H2001/263 ,  G03H2001/2695 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A system for producing a white-light interference hologram includes a camera adapted for recording a first and a second bitmap image of a scene from separate vantage points, and the separation distance of the vantage points, a computing engine adapted to compute three-dimensional x, y, and z characteristics of an interference hologram topology for the scene from the bitmap image and separation data, wherein x and y are two dimensional locations of bits in a bitmap of the topology and z is a depth dimension for each x,y bit, and a printer adapted to print in color the x,y bitmap, and to create the depth dimension z at each x,y bit location, providing thereby a three-dimensional interference hologram topology for the scene. In a preferred embodiment the depth dimension is created by electrophoresis, using a medium having an electrophoretic gel layer, with the ink applied to the gel in a bit-mapped pattern being ionic in nature, and capable of being migrated in the gel layer by electrophoresis. In other embodiments the third dimension is provided by using magnetic ink and migrating the bits using controlled magnetic fields.

公开(公告)号：US06809845B1

公开(公告)日：2004-10-26

申请号：US10668080

申请日：2003-09-22

申请人： Myung K. Kim ,  James Gass ,  Aaron Dakoff

发明人： Myung K. Kim ,  James Gass ,  Aaron Dakoff

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/0866 ,  G03H2001/0456 ,  G03H2001/0875 ,  G03H2222/13

摘要： The present invention is a phase-imaging technique by digital holography that eliminates the problem of 2&pgr;-ambiguity. The technique is based on a combination of two or more digital holograms generated using multiple wavelengths. For a two-wavelength experiment, the phase maps of two digital holograms of different wavelengths are subtracted which yields another phase map whose effective wavelength is inversely proportional to the difference of wavelengths. Using two holograms made with a 633 nm HeNe laser and a 532 nm doubled YAG laser an image was obtained that is a 3D reconstruction of a reflective surface with axial resolution of ˜10 nm over a range of −5 um, without any phase discontinuity over this range. The method can be extended to three wavelengths or more in order to reduce the effect of phase noise further.

摘要翻译： 本发明是通过数字全息术的相位成像技术，其消除了2pi模糊的问题。 该技术基于使用多个波长产生的两个或多个数字全息图的组合。 对于双波长实验，减去不同波长的两个数字全息图的相位图，其产生另一相位图，其有效波长与波长差成反比。 使用由633nm HeNe激光器和532nm双重YAG激光器制成的两个全息图，获得了在-5μm范围内具有约10nm的轴向分辨率的反射表面的3D重建，而没有任何相位不连续性 这个范围。 该方法可以扩展到三个或更多个波长，以便进一步降低相位噪声的影响。

公开(公告)号：US06674555B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US09599686

申请日：2000-06-22

申请人： Kevin Richard Curtis ,  Partha Pratim Mitra ,  Michael C. Tackitt

发明人： Kevin Richard Curtis ,  Partha Pratim Mitra ,  Michael C. Tackitt

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G11B7/1372 ,  G03H1/16 ,  G03H2210/22 ,  G03H2223/13 ,  G03H2225/55

摘要： Apparatus for holographic recording of information includes a lens or lens system, referred to here as the “FT lens,” situated in such a way that light from an object beam enters the FT lens after passing through an object, and light leaving the FT lens impinges on a recording medium situated at a Fourier transform plane of the object with respect to the FT lens. Disclosed apparatus includes a phase element effectively juxtaposed with the object, in which the phase element is effective for redistributing object-beam intensity in the Fourier transform plane, and the phase element has a correlation length greater than a maximum pixel side length associated with the object. Disclosed apparatus includes an optical element or optical system, referred to here as a “power optic,” that adds convergence or divergence to the object beam before the object beam enters the FT lens.

摘要翻译： 用于信息全息记录的装置包括一个这里称为“FT透镜”的透镜或透镜系统，这些透镜或透镜系统以这样的方式设置，使得来自物体光的光在通过物体后进入FT透镜，并且离开FT透镜的光 撞击位于物体相对于FT透镜的傅里叶变换平面的记录介质上。 公开的装置包括与物体并排的相位元件，其中相位元件有效地用于在傅里叶变换平面中重新分配物体光束强度，并且相位元件具有大于与物体相关联的最大像素边长度的相关长度 。 公开的装置包括一种光学元件或光学系统，这里称为“功率光学器件”，其在对象光束进入FT透镜之前将对象光束增加会聚或发散。

公开(公告)号：US06366368B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-02

申请号：US09601624

申请日：2000-08-04

申请人： Hideyoshi Horimai

发明人： Hideyoshi Horimai

IPC分类号： G03H108

CPC分类号： G03H1/08 ,  G03H1/0248 ,  G03H1/0404 ,  G03H1/0465 ,  G03H1/0476 ,  G03H1/0808 ,  G03H1/2249 ,  G03H1/30 ,  G03H2001/0413 ,  G03H2001/0415 ,  G03H2001/048 ,  G03H2001/0482 ,  G03H2001/0484 ,  G03H2001/0491 ,  G03H2001/2234 ,  G03H2001/2271 ,  G03H2001/2289 ,  G03H2001/303 ,  G03H2210/22 ,  G03H2210/30 ,  G03H2222/18 ,  G03H2225/36 ,  G03H2227/06 ,  G03H2250/42 ,  G03H2270/23

摘要： The invention makes it possible to form a hologram for reproducing a three-dimensional image easily free of limitations placed by the size of the three-dimensional image to be reproduced, the size of the hologram and reference light for reproduction. A controller calculates a three-dimensional interference pattern for generating reproduction light associated with a desired three-dimensional image when a recording medium (1) is illuminated with reference light for reproduction, divides the three-dimensional interference pattern into partial interference patterns and calculates reference light and information light for recording for each of the partial interference patterns. A final hologram is formed by illuminating the recording medium (1) with reference light and information light for recording using a head (10) while changing the relative positional relationship between the recording medium (1) and the head (10) by moving the head (10) with a VCM (13) while transporting the recording medium (1).

摘要翻译： 本发明使得可以形成用于再现三维图像的全息图，该全息图容易地不受要再现的三维图像的尺寸，全息图的尺寸和用于再现的参考光的限制。 当用用于再现的参照光照射记录介质（1）时，控制器计算用于产生与所需三维图像相关联的再现光的三维干涉图案，将三维干涉图案划分为部分干涉图案并计算参考 用于记录每个部分干涉图案的光和信息光。 通过使用头（10）照射具有参考光和用于记录的信息光，同时通过移动头部（10）改变记录介质（1）和头部（10）之间的相对位置关系来形成最终全息图 （10）与VCM（13）同时传送记录介质（1）。