摘要:
A method of measuring the photoelectric conversion characteristics of a solar cell element is provided which comprises the steps of placing and fixing a solar cell element on a stage with a light-receiving surface of the solar cell element being an upper surface, irradiating a photoelectric conversion layer of the solar cell element with a light from the upper surface side, and bringing probes provided on a side opposite to the light-receiving surface side into contact with a first electrode portion and a protruding electrode portion of a second electrode, respectively. An apparatus for measuring the photoelectric conversion characteristics of a solar cell element is also provided.
摘要:
Disclosed are an organic dye having a specific structure, a photoelectric conversion material containing the dye, a semiconductor electrode formed of a substrate having an electrically conductive surface, a semiconductor layer coated on the electrically conductive surface and the above dye adsorbed on the surface, and a photoelectric conversion device to which the above dye is applied. The present invention uses the above dye and can therefore provide a photoelectric conversion device excellent in photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the photoelectric conversion device is suitable for use in a solar cell or the like.
摘要:
This invention comprises a transparent/translucent panel system including two spaced flat panels and a series of elongated, abutting, rotatably mounted transparent/translucent light-controlling members disposed between the panels in which the light-controlling members are at least partially tubular or have annular members along their length to facilitate rotation of the light-controlling members and include a light-blocking surface whereby differently sized light-controlling members may be used and the light-controlling members, when rotated by a simple drive mechanism, can vary the light passing through the panel system from clear to opaque and can effectively block light between adjacent light-controlling members.
摘要:
A solid-state image pickup device 100 is constructed in which a waveguide 15 is formed in an insulating layer on a light-receiving sensor portion 2, a side wall 161 of the waveguide 15 is covered with a reflective film 17 made of an Al film deposited by a CVD method, an underlayer film 19 is formed between the reflective film 17 and the side wall 161 of the waveguide 15 and the underlayer film 19 is made of a VIa-group element. It is possible to obtain a solid-state image pickup device including a waveguide in which hydrogen supplied to the light-receiving sensor portion 2 can be restrained from being absorbed by the underlayer film 19 and which has the reflective film 17 of high reflectivity with satisfactory surface condition, satisfactory coverage and excellent adhesion.
摘要:
Backthinning in an area selective manner is applied to imaging sensors 12 for use in electron bombarded devices. A further arrangement results in an array of collimators 51 aligned with pixels 42 or groups of pixels providing improved image contrast of such image sensor. Provision of a thin P-doped layer 52 on the illuminated rear surface provides both a diffusion barrier resulting in improved resolution and a functional shield for reference pixels. A gradient in concentration of P-doped layer 52 optimizes electron collection at the pixel array.
摘要:
Thin film photovoltaic cells having a protective coating as an encapsulant are disclosed. The protective coating is one that imparts durability, moisture resistance and/or abrasion resistance to the photovoltaic layer of the cell. One or more coating layers, either alone or in combination with one or more primer or adhesive layers, can be used. Powder, liquid and electrodeposited coatings can all be used according to the present invention. Methods of making such cells are also disclosed.
摘要:
An object of the invention is to provide a solar cell module in which sufficient drainage and ventilation are ensured on the rear side, an output cable can be prevented from being caught during installation, and long term reliability is ensured by preventing bleed of the output cable, and another object of the invention is to provide a solar cell module integrated with building materials in which water leakage into the house and failure due to staying moisture can be avoided by imparting a waterproof function of a verge substrate water drip. A bottomed drain gutter opening to the abutting face of a heat insulating supporting material is provided to communicate with the side of the heat insulating supporting material, and a cable holding groove opening to the abutting face of a leg vertically provided on the heat insulating supporting material and deeper than the diameter of the laid cable is made to communicate with the side of the leg in order to hold the cable without projecting the cable from the opening. Furthermore, a plurality of geta members are arranged on the bottom of a supporting base and the thickness of each geta member is so set that the supporting base does not collapse the verge substrate water drip when the solar cell modules are laid on the verge substrate water drip.
摘要:
A photodetector array made in monolithic form, in which transistors are formed in a semiconductor substrate coated with several metallization levels and photodiodes are formed above a last metallization level, each photodiode having an upper region of a first conductivity type common to all photodiodes and an individual lower region forming a junction with the upper region in contact with a metallization of the last level, wherein each lower region is separated from the neighboring lower regions by an insulating material and is connected to the metallization through a via formed in at least one insulating layer.
摘要:
A CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (APS) uses a pinned photodiode as a photoreceptor and negative-channel metal-oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistors in the sample and hold and reset circuits of the frame shutter. The pinned photodiode increases the quantum efficiency and reduces the dark current. The NMOS transistors in the frame shutter increase the fill factor and reduce the pixel pitch.
摘要:
A dye-sensitized solar cell comprising a transparent conductive layer, a porous semiconductor layer on which a dye sensitizer is adsorbed, a carrier transport layer and an counter electrode which are formed in this order on a transparent substrate, wherein an absorbance peak of the porous semiconductor layer is located on a shorter wavelength side of the absorbance spectrum than that of the porous semiconductor layer observed immediately after the dye sensitizer is adsorbed.