Abstract:
A method is provided for color tuning a plasmonic device with a color tunable electronic skin. A plasmonic electronic skin is used, including a first substrate, a plasmonic structure, an electrically conductive transparent first electrode layer, an electrically conductive transparent second electrode layer, and a polymer-networked liquid crystal (PNLC) layer interposed between the first and second transparent electrode layers. In response to receiving a color tuning voltage, a full visible spectrum incident light, and a PNLC switch voltage, the plasmonic structure generates a first primary color. A primary color exhibits a single wavelength peak with a spectral full width at half magnitudes (FWHMs) in the visible spectrum of light. In response to receiving the PNLC switch voltage between the first and second electrode layers, the PNLC layer passes incident light.
Abstract:
A plasmonic device and method are provided with a partially modulated refractive index or with dual modulation mechanisms. The device comprises an electrically conductive bottom electrode, a first dielectric layer overlying the bottom electrode, having a refractive index non-responsive to an electric field, a second dielectric layer overlying the first dielectric layer having a refractive index responsive to an electric field, an electrically conductive top electrode overlying the second dielectric layer, and a first plasmonic layer including a plurality of discrete plasmonic particles, interposed between the top and bottom electrodes. In some embodiments, the first dielectric layer can be made from an elastic polymer or piezoelectric material having a refractive index responsive to an electric field. The plasmonic device can also be a display device with liquid crystal dipole molecule control.
Abstract:
A full color high brightness reflective display (200, 250, 300, 350) is formed from individual multifaced pyramid-like reflectors (400, 450, 500, 600, 725, 800). Each face (410, 420, 460, 470 510, 520, 610, 620, 730, 740, 810, 820) of the reflector speculalry reflects two of the three primary colors of incident light (461, 481, 581, 661, 781, 861), and can be controlled to either reflect, diffusely or specularly, or absorb the other primary color, thereby controlling a color of reflected light (462, 482, 582, 662, 782, 862). A liquid crystal layer (415, 425, 465, 475) may be used at each face, with a polarization filter (480) at the entrance to the reflector, or combined with the layer. An electro wetting cell (514, 524) or an electrophoretic layer (615, 625) may also be used. A deposition layer formed by reversible metal deposition may be used. A movable, dynamic foil mechanism (850) may also be used. The display may be made up of multiple reflectors (210, 220, 260, 270, 310, 320, 360, 370) arranged in a repeating pattern.
Abstract:
The invention relates to light emitting devices (2) with variable output color. More specifically, the inventions provides a color conversion cell (10) which can be positioned in front of a light source (4) in order to generate other color or color temperatures. Typically the light source is a light emitting diode (LED) which is power efficient but emits in a narrow and fixed spectra. The new colors are generated by photoluminescence in fluorescent dyes contained in the cell. The color converting of the cell is electrically controllable, preferably by controlling the orientation, density or distribution of the fluorescent dyes, or by controlling a pathlength of the light in the cell.
Abstract:
Methods for preparing homogeneous magnetic fluid compositions capable of forming ordered one dimensional structures or two dimensional lattices in response to externally applied magnetic fields are disclosed. The composition is prepared using improved co-precipitation methods in which the steps of the procedure have been tuned to reduce sample heterogeneity. Fe3O4 particles are coated with a surfactant and dispersed in a continuous carrier phase to form a homogeneous magnetic fluid composition. The ability of the composition to generate ordered structures can be tested by holding a magnet near a thin film of the compositions and observing the formation of colors in the region near the magnet. Methods for controlling the characteristic spacing of the ordered structures formed by the composition are also disclosed. Relevant parameters include the thickness of the film, the strength and orientation of the externally applied magnetic field, the rate of change of field strength, the volume fraction of the magnetic particles dispersed in the continuous phase, and the temperature of the film. The homogeneous magnetic fluid composition is useful for the manufacture of liquid crystal devices. The devices take advantage of the serendipitous fact that the spacings in the material are on the order of the wavelength of visible light. A variety of magnetic-optical devices can be constructed that use the ordered structures to diffract, reflect, and polarize light in a controlled and predictable manner. These devices include color displays, monochromatic light switches, and tunable wavelength filters.
Abstract:
Изобретение относится к технологии получения декоративного покрытия, которое при наблюдении под прямым углом может иметь любой цвет радуги, изменяющийся при изменении угла наблюдения. Покрытие, отражающее падающий на него световой поток в узких спектральных диапазонах, состоит из оксида вентильного металла, полученного анодированием, и обладает структурой с переменной пористостью, изменяющейся периодически в направлении нормали к поверхности покрытия, при этом поры ориентированы, преимущественно, перпендикулярно к поверхности декоративного покрытия. При формировании декоративного покрытия переменную пористость в оксидном слое создают путем периодического изменения условий анодирования металла, к которым относятся напряжение и плотность тока, чередуя режимы стабилизации тока и стабилизации напряжения. Данный способ позволяет получить резкую границу между слоями с малой и большой пористостью, что способствует увеличению эффективности отражения света и, как следствие, усилению насыщенности цвета и интенсивности окраски декоративного покрытия.
Abstract:
An imaging system includes a light source configured to illuminate a target and a camera configured to image light responsively emitted from the target and reflected from a spatial light modulator (SLM). The imaging system is configured to generate high-resolution, hyperspectral images of the target. The SLM includes a refractive layer that is chromatically dispersive and that has a refractive index that is controllable. The refractive index of the refractive layer can be controlled to vary according to a gradient such that light reflected from the SLM is chromatically dispersed and spectrographs information about the target can be captured using the camera. Such a system could be operated confocally, e.g., by incorporating a micromirror device configured to control a spatial pattern of illumination of the target and to modulate the transmission of light from the target to the camera via the SLM according to a corresponding spatial pattern.
Abstract:
본 발명의 일 측면에 따라서, 대상의 표면부의 색상 또는 광 투과 정도를 변화시키는 방법이 제공된다. 상기 대상의 표면부는 용매 및 이 용매 내에 분산된 복수의 입자를 포함한다. 전기장이 상기 용매 및 복수의 입자에 인가되면 상기 복수의 입자의 간격 또는 위치가 변하여서 상기 대상의 표면부의 색상 또는 광 투과 정도가 변화하며, 상기 전기장의 크기, 방향, 인가 시간 또는 인가 회수에 따라서 상기 대상의 표면부의 색상 또는 광 투과 정도가 변하고, 상기 전기장의 크기, 방향, 인가 시간 또는 인가 회수는 상기 대상의 사용자에 의한 입력 신호 또는 상기 대상이 획득한 신호 또는 상기 대상에 제공된 감지 수단에 의해서 획득된 신호와 연관되어서 변화되게 된다.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a display method and apparatus using the properties of photonic crystals. The display method using the properties of photonic crystals according to the present invention involves applying electric fields to particles having electric charges when the particles are dispersed in a solvent in order to control the space between the particles.