Abstract:
Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens, bei dem ein oberer Bereich des Schachtofens mit Rohmaterialien beschickt wird, die unter Einfluss der Schwerkraft im Ofen absinken, wobei ein Teil der Rohmaterialien unter Einwirkung der innerhalb des Schachtofens herrschenden Atmosphäre geschmolzen und/oder reduziert wird, und in einem unteren Bereich des Schachtofens ein Behandlungsgas eingeleitet wird, das die innerhalb des Schachtofens herrschende Atmosphäre zumindest teilweise beeinflusst, wobei die Einleitung des Behandlungsgases innerhalb einer Zeitspanne von 40 s bezüglich des Drucks und/oder Volumenstrom dynamisch moduliert wird, und durch ein derartiges Verfahren betreibbarer Schachtofen, wodurch eine bessere Durchgasung des Schachtofens erreicht wird.
Abstract:
An iron making process and apparatus are disclosed. The process includes a direct reduction step of passing a reducing gas through a bed of (a) an iron-containing material, such as tabular lump ore, and (b) a bed forming material and producing a reduced iron material. The bed forming material is a material that facilitates forming the bed so that there is optimum upward flow of a reducing gas through the bed. The process also includes separating the reduced iron material and the bed forming material. The bed forming material may be re-used in the direct reduction step.
Abstract:
A modular apparatus for the production of molten metal by self reduction of agglomerates of metal oxide or of prereduced metal, which may be iron. The apparatus is typically a shaft furnace of modular construction and includes a plurality of connected cells of identical size and construction. Each apparatus is connected to equipment for supplying the agglomerates for reduction or melting and refining within a reduction chamber or melting chamber, respectively, of each cell.
Abstract:
A process and an apparatus for producing metals from a metalliferous feed material are disclosed. The process includes the steps of partially reducing and at least partially melting a metalliferous feed material in a pre-reduction/melting means and completely reducing the partially reduced feed material in a reduction means. The pre-reduction/melting means is positioned directly above the reduction means and communicates with the reduction means so that at least partially molten, partially reduced feed material flows downwardly into a central region of the reduction means. The reduction means includes a vessel that contains a molten bath having a metal layer and a slag layer on the metal layer. The process includes injecting oxygen-containing gas into the reduction means and post-combusting reaction gas generated in the molten bath and injecting oxygen-containing gas into the pre-reduction/melting means and post-combusting reaction gas discharged from the reduction means. The process further includes injecting solid carbonaceous material and a carrier gas into a metal rich region of the molten bath and causing upward movement of splashes, droplets and streams of molten material which forms a transition zone.
Abstract:
A fluidized bed preliminary reducing furnace for raw material comprising an oxide, which is provided with at least two ports for feeding a reducing gas in the furnace. According to the present invention, the fed particulate raw material and the reducing gas are sufficiently dispersed and mixed with each other, so that the reduction rate of the raw material and the yield can be improved. The provision of two or more raw material feed ports is more favorable.
Abstract:
A presente invenção está relacionada a processos e equipamentos metalúrgicos e, mais particularmente, a um forno metalúrgico capaz de operar com uma ampla gama de matérias-primas e combustíveis, incluindo aqueles com altos níveis de impurezas. Para tal, o forno metalúrgico da presente invenção compreende (i) pelo menos uma cuba superior (1), (ii) pelo menos uma cuba inferior (2), (iii) pelo menos um alimentador de combustível (5) posicionado substancialmente entre a pelo menos uma cuba superior (1) e a pelo menos uma cuba inferior (2), (iv) pelo menos uma fileira de ventaneiras (3, 4) posicionada em pelo menos um de pelo menos uma cuba superior (1) e pelo menos uma cuba inferior (2), a pelo menos uma fileira de ventaneiras (3, 4) comunicando de maneira fluida o interior do forno com o ambiente externo, e (v) pelo menos uma coifa chamada de Curtain Wall localizada na cuba superior que se estende longitudinalmente pelo forno, e (vi) pelo menos um sistema de carregamento de combustível permeabilizador no centro da cuba superior chamado de sistema de carregamento de booster . A utilização do sistema de carregamento booster (8) juntamente com o Curtain Wall (6) possibilita uma canalização do gás gerado na combustão do combustível da cuba inferior (2) com o ar insuflado pelas ventaneiras primarias (3) e ventaneiras secundarias (4), controlando com maior eficiência a distribuição gasosa no forno.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Topographie der Mölleroberfläche in einem Schachtofen (10) mit einer die Mölleroberfläche (18) abtastenden Radareinrichtung (20) mit einer Antenneneinrichtung (22), die im Bereich eines Ofendeckels (13) angeordnet ist, wobei die Antenneneinrichtung auf einer gegenüber einer Hochachse (15) des Schachtofens unter einem Neigungswinkel α geneigten Rotationsachse (24) angeordnet ist und mittels einer Antriebseinrichtung um die Rotationsachse rotierbar ist, derart, dass ein durch die emittierte Radarstrahlung der Antenneneinrichtung gebildeter Radarfächer (28) längs einer Profillinie p auf die Mölleroberfläche auftrifft und bei Rotation der Antenneneinrichtung die Mölleroberfläche überstreicht.
Abstract:
A direct reduction process producing DRI from iron oxide particles by reduction at a about 750 °C with a reducing gas mainly H 2 and CO, that also includes CO 2 , H 2 0, and methane, a the reduction reactor and the top gas effluent from the reduction reaction after cooling/scrubbing is split. The resulting first top gas portion with a first hydrocarbon-containing make-up gas passes through a catalytic reformer yielding an improved hot reducing gas first effluent. The second top gas portion passes through a CO2 removal unit and then with the second hydrocarbon-containing make-up gas passes through a heater yielding a hot CO 2 -lean recycle reducing gas second effluent. The first and second effluents are fed to the reducing zone of the reduction reactor as the reducing gas reactant. The flow rate of at least the second of the two make-up gases is regulated to control the carbon content of the DRI produced.
Abstract:
The present invention relates generally to a method and system for the supply of a continuous stream of hot direct reduced iron (HDRI) from a direct reduction (DR) shaft furnace or direct reduced iron (DRI) reheating furnace to a point outside of the DR shaft furnace or DRI reheating furnace where the HDRI stream is split into at least two HDRI streams. The first HDRI stream is sent continuously to a hot briquetting plant by gravity in a closed duct system. The second HDRI stream is sent continuously to an adjacent melting furnace also by gravity in a closed duct system, with a surge bin and feeders, or by a combination of gravity in a closed duct system, also with a surge bin and feeders, and a generally horizontal charge conveyor. Optionally, a third HDRI stream is employed to continuously feed multiple hot transport vessels.