Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for the production of a porous granulated ceramic material with a pore size greater than 1 mm, in which clay is mixed with calcite, quartz sand, dolomite, feldspar, fireclay, kieselgur and/or sepiolite as aggregate material, with water, with a fluidizer and with a surface-active agent and foamed in the usual way. The foamed mixture is subsequently moulded, if required, to form clay mouldings, the mouldings dried at a temperature between room temperature and 200 DEG C, the dried mouldings crushed and sieved, if required, the sieving fines being returned to the starting mixture, and finally the mouldings or crushed mouldings within a given particle-size range roasted at a temperature above 600 DEG C. The porous material thus produced is intended for use as a plant substrate. The starting materials are added to the mixture in given proportions and the mouldings or crushed mouldings with a residual moisture content of 5-25 % are placed in a preheated oven and roasted at a given temperature in the range between 750 and 1050 DEG C. This invention also includes the subsequently manufactured plant substrate, as well as the new use for this product.
Abstract:
A novel composite material consisting of at least 70 weight percent of single-phase beta sialon and at least 20 weight percent of alpha-alumina may be made by the apparatus, wherein the raw materials are mixed in a mill (12), pressed (32), further reacted in reactor (36) then crushed (40) and sieved (44). The material is then heated in a furnace (48) under nitrogen (52) and finally crushed (56) and sieved (60). The beta-sialon is of the formula Si6-zAlzOzN8-z, wherein z is form 2.5 to 3.5. The composite material contains no silicon nitride. Sintered products made from such composite material contain no glassy phase, contain no silicon nitride, and have superior thermal and mechanical properties.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to sintered refractory roofing granules and a method for making such granules. Disclosed are white granules of increased total solar reflectance (TSR). A method including the step of calcining pure clays without adding any flux or other sintering additives is disclosed.
Abstract:
Proppant particles formed from slurry droplets and methods of use are disclosed herein. The proppant particles can include a sintered ceramic material and can have a size of about 80 mesh to about 10 mesh and an average largest pore size of less than about 20 microns. The methods of use can include injecting a hydraulic fluid into a subterranean formation at a rate and pressure sufficient to open a fracture therein and injecting a fluid containing a proppant particle into the fracture, the proppant particle including a sintered ceramic material, a size of about 80 mesh to about 10 mesh, and an average largest pore size of less than about 20 microns.
Abstract:
In one embodiment, a method for fabricating a ceramic phase change material capsule includes forming a hollow ceramic capsule body having a filling hole, filling the ceramic capsule body with one or more phase change materials via the filling hole, and closing and sealing the filling hole.
Abstract:
An embodiment of a ceramic isolation ball is provided to cooperate with a ball seat to isolate a first portion of a well drilled into the earth's crust from a second portion of the well. Embodiments of the ball of the present invention are comprised of a ceramic material with excellent resistance to deformation when received into a ball seat and subjected to very high pressure differentials tending to force the ball into the ball seat to isolate a portion of a borehole below or beyond the ball and ball seat from a portion of the borehole above or before the ball and ball seat. Embodiments of the ball of the present invention include a hollow interior and a hole that receives a plug to close the hollow interior to prevent fluid intrusion therein. The ball is used to isolate a portion of a well during high-pressure fracturing operations.
Abstract:
A carbonaceous particulate material is provided that is characterized by having a reversible volumetric expansion/contraction in fluid media ("V R ") of greater than or equal to (≥) 3% between 4,000 psi and 10,000 psi. The porous carbonaceous particulate material of the present disclosure is also characterized by having a true density, ("P T "), of 1.2 g/cc ≤P T ≤ 2.0 g/cc, when milled to -200 mesh and has a d 50 particle size distribution of about 15 μm. This is the consequence of the instant material exhibiting a high level of closed porosity with very small pores, in contrast with prior art materials that would have a wider range pore sizes for the closed pores.
Abstract translation:提供了一种碳质颗粒材料,其特征在于在4,000psi至10,000psi之间具有大于或等于(≥)3%的流体介质(“VR”)中的可逆容积膨胀/收缩。 本公开的多孔碳质颗粒材料的特征还在于,当研磨至-200目并具有d50粒度分布时,真密度(“PT”)为1.2g /cc≤PT≤2.0g/ cc 约15μm。 这是现有材料表现出具有非常小孔隙的高水平闭孔率的结果,与现有技术的材料相比,该材料对于闭孔具有更宽的孔径。