Abstract:
A two stroke crank case scavenged two-stroke internal combustion engine, the engine including: - a cylinder (2) configured to reciprocatingly receive a piston (6) therein defining a combustion chamber (8), the combustion chamber comprising an ignition means (5) for igniting an air/fuel mixture and an exhaust port (40) for evacuating the exhaust fumes, - a crank case (3) including a crank shaft (18), - an indirect fuel supply system (4), such as a carburettor (12) or a low pressure fuel-injection system, for supplying fuel to the crank case (3) to be scavenged to the combustion chamber (8), - at least one transfer duct (20, 20') each extending from the crank case (3) to at least one corresponding transfer port (21, 21') for connecting to the combustion chamber (8), - additional air filling means (25, 24, 27, 23, 23', 22, 22',26, 26') for at least partly filling the transfer duct/s (20, 20') with additional air from the transfer port (21, 21') towards the crank case (3), - and a direct injection means (7) for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber (8).
Abstract:
The invention is a spectrally selective optical coupler with a new geometry and a new principle of action. An optical coupler according to the invention comprises an optical fiber and an external light guide. In the fiber there is provided a deflector that is operative to deflect light of a predetermined wavelength into a bound, propagating mode of said light guide. The outcoupled light is guided to a region remote from the outcoupling portion of the fiber. The invention can be used to couple light from a first to a second optical fiber.
Abstract:
A jetting device and a method for improving the performance of the jetting device for jetting droplets of viscous medium onto a substrate. The jetting device comprises a jetting outlet through which said droplets are jetted. The jetting device further comprises a wall located at the jetting outlet, downstream of the jetting outlet seen in the jetting direction. The wall is provided with an orifice through which jetted droplets are permitted to pass through. A gaseous flow is provided within said space past the jetting outlet such that an adverse effect on the performance of the jetting device is prevented, the adverse effect resulting from the accumulation of viscous medium residue at the jetting outlet.
Abstract:
To meet stringent emission standards and improve performance of two-stroke crankcase- scavenged engines, the muffler (13) of the engine is provided with mixing means (130, 31) for mixing the exhaust gases (42) resulting from the mixture participating in combustion and gases resulting from scavenging, so that a substantially homogenous gaseous mixture is formed within the muffler (13), and means (81) for sensing oxygen concentration is located in the homogeneous gaseous mixture and are configured to provide an output value to a control unit (80) for controlling supply of fuel to the engine and thereby the air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber (41). The muffler (13) suitably is provided with a catalytic element (140), preferably a three-way catalyst. The engine (1) preferably is a stratified charge engine.
Abstract:
A surface-mounted electrical outlet (101) which comprises a front side (102), first (103) and second (104) upright side edges of the front side, and a top side (105). A front portion (106) of the top side (105) connects tightly to the front side (102) along substantially the entire distance between the first side edge (103) and the second side edge (104). The front side (102) exhibits at least one outlet receptacle (107, 107') having an intended insertion direction (I) for a corresponding plug connector. The top side (105) exhibits a first rear edge (108) and a second rear edge (109). The rear edges (108, 109) extend in two respective planes forming an angle (α) larger than 0 degrees relative to each other in order to provide tight abutment between the first rear edge (108) and a first interior wall, as well as between the second rear edge (109) and a second interior wall, when installing the electrical outlet in an inside corner.
Abstract:
The invention is a spectrally selective optical coupler with a new geometry and a new principle of action. An optical coupler according to the invention comprises an optical fiber (21) and an external light guide (11). In the fiber there is provided a deflector (23) that is operative to deflect light of a predetermined wavelength into a bound, propagating mode of said light guide. The outcoupled light is guided to a region remote from the outcoupling portion of the fiber. The invention can be used to couple light from a first to a second optical fiber.
Abstract:
A surface-mounted electrical outlet (101) which comprises a front side (102), first (103) and second (104) upright side edges of the front side, and a top side (105). A front portion (106) of the top side (105) connects tightly to the front side (102) along substantially the entire distance between the first side edge (103) and the second side edge (104). The front side (102) exhibits at least one outlet receptacle (107, 107') having an intended insertion direction (I) for a corresponding plug connector. The top side (105) exhibits a first rear edge (108) and a second rear edge (109). The rear edges (108, 109) extend in two respective planes forming an angle (a) larger than 0 degrees relative to each other in order to provide tight abutment between the first rear edge (108) and a first interior wall, as well as between the second rear edge (109) and a second interior wall, when installing the electrical outlet in an inside corner.
Abstract:
A crankcase scavenged two-stroke engine (1) comprises a cylinder (15) including scavenging ports (31, 31') and at least one exhaust port, a piston (13), a connecting rod (17), a crankshaft (18) and a generally sealed crankcase (16). The crankcase inducts a fuel/air mixture and is connected to the scavenging ports (31, 31') by means of transfer ducts (3, 3') which, as the piston (13) is travelling from a lower position towards a higher position, are inducting pure air let in from connecting ports (8, 8') near the scavenging ports (31, 31') in the cylinder (15). The transfer duct (3, 3') volume is less than 20 % of a volume swept by the piston (13) during an entire revolution of the crankshaft (18). Recesses (10, 10') are formed in an outer periphery of the piston (13), said recesses (10, 10') co-operating with the connecting ports (8, 8') in the cylinder wall for controlling the filling of the transfer ducts (3, 3') with air. An inlet tube (22) in the cylinder wall supplies the air/fuel mixture, said inlet tube (22) being connected to the crankcase (16) and covered by the piston (13) as the piston (13) is in the lower position, and open to the crankcase (16) as the piston (13) is in the higher position.
Abstract:
A crankcase scavenged internal combustion engine (1) of two-stroke type, primarily intended for a handheld working tool, such as a chain saw, with a cylinder (2) and piston (4) reciprocating along the cylinder wall (3), which piston separates a combustion chamber (5) above it and a crankcase volume (6) below it, and in the cylinder wall (3) there are ports (7, 8, 9, 10, 10') arranged for inlet (11), exhaust outlet (12) and for a number of scavenging durct (13, 13'), whereby at least one auxiliary duct (14) is arranged with an auxiliary port (15) in the cylinder wall, which auxiliary port (15) is opened and closued by the piston, and whereby the inlet is divided into: a fuel inlet (16) leading to a fuel port (7) and an air inlet (17) leading to an air port (8), and these ports are opened and closed by the piston (4), which also comprises a transfer space (18), which mouth edges are limited by the piston periphery, and which, in at least one piston position, creates a connection between the fuel port (7) and the auxiliary duct's port (15), so that fuel can be supplied to the auxiliary durct (14) via the auxiliary port (15), and then, after the port (15) later on has been opened by the piston, can flow into the combustion chamber.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a set-up and a method for repeatedly sending longitudinal displacement pulses through a length of optical fibre, the set-up using an actuator arrangement for exciting longitudinal displacement pulses, or waves, in an optical fibre. The arrangement comprises a bracket, a washer element, a piezo member arranged between the bracket and the washer element, and an optical fibre that is engaged with and extending through a passage in the washer element. The piezo member is operative, responsive to an applied voltage, to displace the washer element and the fibre engaged therewith, in the longitudinal direction of the fibre, with respect to the bracket. Thereby, a longitudinal displacement pulse may be excited in the optical fibre. The actuator arrangement may also, in the set-up according to the invention, operate as a sensor for sensing longitudinal displacements in optical fibres.