Abstract:
This invention relates to a clinker substitute, methods for producing the same, the use thereof, construction materials such as cement, mortar and concrete containing the clinker substitute, and methods for producing these construction materials.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to the production of geopolymers from oil shale and/or mineral residues, which originate from the production of oil by means of oil shale. To use the residues left in the combustion of oil shale for the production of geopolymers, the oil shale and/or also mineral residues, which originate from the production of oil by means of shale are burnt and subsequently ground, before they are mixed with an alkaline activator and water and cured.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a process for producing cement or cement substitutes on the basis of carbon-containing compounds with a carbon content of more than 10 wt-%, wherein the carbon-containing compounds are burnt in a furnace at a temperature of 600 to 900°C, and wherein beside the carbon-containing compounds at least one additional, inert and/or low-heating-value material, which already before or after a thermal treatment has cement properties, is introduced into the furnace and calcined.
Abstract:
The production of calcined clay is effected by using a plant known per se for producing cement by the dry or semiwet process, with a precalciner (1), for instance comprising at least one preheating line of series-connected preheating stages (2), such as cyclone preheaters or grate preheaters, and a rotary kiln or roaster (3). In accordance with the invention, the rotary kiln or roaster (3) for generating heating gas is utilized as combustion chamber (31), replaced by a combustion chamber (3') and/or completed by an additional combustion chamber.
Abstract:
In the heat treatment of fine-grained mineral solids, in particular for calcining clay or gypsum, the solids are passed through a flash reactor (5), in which they are contacted with hot gases at a temperature of 450 to 1500°C, and subsequently they are passed through a residence time reactor (7) at a temperature of 550 to 800°C, from which they are withdrawn after a residence time of 1 to 600 minutes and possibly supplied to a further treatment stage.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a process for the chemical and/or physical treatment of fluidizable substances in a reactor (1,1'), wherein fuel and combustion air preferably are supplied to a combustion chamber (4) upstream of the reactor and burnt at a temperature of about 1000 °C to about 1500 °C. The hot gas is introduced into the reactor interior (2) via a central tube (3). The hot gas and the central tube (3) are cooled with a coolant. Furthermore, this invention relates to a plant for performing such process.