Abstract:
A method of determining glucose values during continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measurements includes providing a CGM device including a sensor, a memory, and a processor; applying a constant voltage potential to the sensor; measuring a primary current signal resulting from the constant voltage potential and storing the measured primary current signal in the memory; applying a probing potential modulation sequence to the sensor; measuring probing potential modulation current signals resulting from the probing potential modulation sequence and storing measured probing potential modulation current signals in the memory; determining an initial glucose concentration based on a conversion function and a measured probing potential modulation current signal; determining a connection function value based on the primary current signal and a plurality of the probing potential modulation current signals; and determining a final glucose concentration based on the initial glucose concentration and the connection function value. Other aspects are disclosed.
Abstract:
A continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device may include a wearable portion having a sensor configured to produce glucose signals from interstitial fluid, a processor, a memory and transmitter circuitry. The memory may include a pre-determined gain function based on a point-of-interest glucose signal and glucose signals measured prior to the point-of-interest glucose signal. The memory may also include computer program code stored therein that, when executed by the processor, causes the CGM device to (a) measure and store a plurality of glucose signals using the sensor and memory; (b) for a presently-measured glucose signal, employ the plurality of previously-measured glucose signals stored in the memory and the pre-determined gain function to compute a compensated glucose value; and (c) communicate the compensated glucose value to a user of the CGM device. Numerous other embodiments are provided.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods are operative to probe the condition of a sensor either initially, at any point thereafter or continuously during a continuous sensor operation for measuring an analyte in a bodily fluid (such as performed by, e.g., a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor). Results of the probe may include calibration indices determined from electrical signals obtained during the probe. The calibration indices may indicate whether in-situ adjustment of the sensor-s calibration should be performed either initially and/or at random check points. Probing potential modulation parameters also may be used during analyte calculations to reduce the effects of lot-to-lot sensitivity variations, sensitivity drift during monitoring, temperature, interferents, and/or the like. Other aspects are disclosed.
Abstract:
A biosensor system is configured to establish a steady-state condition and alternate between the steady-state condition and a non-steady-state condition to determine an analyte concentration. The biosensor system includes an electrode system having at least one working electrode and one counter electrode. The working electrode is covered with an analyte catalyzing layer for converting an analyte into measurable species. A membrane system encompasses the electrode system and comprises an analyte permeable membrane. The membrane has an analyte permeability with lower analyte solubility than an analyte solubility outside the membrane. The membrane is configured to trap a measureable species within the membrane such that a steady-state of the measurable species resulting from the analyte is established near the electrode surface. A bias circuit is configured to apply a potential modulation sequence to the working electrode to cause alternating of steady-state and non-steady-state conditions within the electrode system for analyte concentration determination.
Abstract:
A method of determining glucose values during continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measurements includes providing a CGM device including a sensor, a memory, and a processor; applying a constant voltage potential to the sensor; measuring a primary current signal resulting from the constant voltage potential and storing the measured primary current signal in the memory; applying a probing potential modulation sequence to the sensor; measuring probing potential modulation current signals resulting from the probing potential modulation sequence and storing measured probing potential modulation current signals in the memory; determining an initial glucose concentration based on a conversion function value and the primary current signal; determining a connection function based on the primary current signal and a plurality of the probing potential modulation current signals; and determining a final glucose concentration based on the initial glucose concentration and the connection function value. Other aspects are provided.
Abstract:
Methods, devices, and systems are disclosed for the determination and logging of risk factor parameters associated with a sample, in association with the measurement of a concentration of an analyte in the sample. The methods, devices, and systems provide for applying an input signal to a sample via an electrode. The input signal has at least one excitation. The methods, devices, and systems further provide for measuring an output signal responsive to the input signal. The methods, devices, and systems further provide for determining a concentration of an analyte within the sample based on the output signal, and determining at least one risk factor parameter associated with at least one species in the sample other than the analyte.
Abstract:
Devices and methods for determining one or more analyte concentrations in a sample, determining a sample type, and/or accounting for interference species in a sample are disclosed that include intertwining a first input signal, via a first electrode having a reagent, with a second input signal, via a second electrode lacking a reagent, by applying to the sample the first input signal having at least two excitations and a relaxation, and applying to the sample the second input signal having at least two excitations and a relaxation, such that the excitations of the first input signal are nonconcurrent with the excitations of the second input signal. The method further includes measuring a first output signal responsive to the first input signal and a second output signal responsive to the second input signal.
Abstract:
A method of determining glucose values during continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measurements includes providing a CGM device including a sensor, a memory, and a processor; applying a constant voltage potential to the sensor; measuring a primary current signal resulting from the constant voltage potential and storing the measured primary current signal in the memory; applying a probing potential modulation sequence to the sensor; measuring probing potential modulation current signals resulting from the probing potential modulation sequence and storing measured probing potential modulation current signals in the memory; determining an initial glucose concentration based on a conversion function and a ratio of measured probing potential modulation current signals; determining a connection function value based on the primary current signal and a plurality of the probing potential modulation current signals; and determining a final glucose concentration based on the initial glucose concentration and the connection function value. Other aspects are disclosed.
Abstract:
Methods, devices, and systems are disclosed for the determination and logging of risk factor parameters associated with a sample, in association with the measurement of a concentration of an analyte in the sample. The methods, devices, and systems provide for applying an input signal to a sample via an electrode. The input signal has at least one excitation. The methods, devices, and systems further provide for measuring an output signal responsive to the input signal. The methods, devices, and systems further provide for determining a concentration of an analyte within the sample based on the output signal, and determining at least one risk factor parameter associated with at least one species in the sample other than the analyte.
Abstract:
Methods and biosensor systems for compensating an analyte measurement are provided. The methods and systems determine a secondary output signal based on the measured primary output signal in order to better approximate the effects of an extraneous stimulus on the primary output signal under actual measurement conditions. The methods and systems according to the present disclosure may provide a more accurate analyte measurement, and may be particularly useful in detecting and compensating an analyte measurement during an off-condition.