摘要:
The present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of one of the enantiomers of 3,4-dihydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-enoneand to a process for preparing (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin, which comprises the step of providing the (4S)-enantiomerof 3,4-dihydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-enone.
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Astaxanthinzusammensetzungen zur Verwendung in Nahrungsmitteln, Nahrungsergänzüngsmitteln oder Futtermitteln oder als Medikament. (Formel (A)). Astaxanthinzusammensetzungen, die wenigstens 50 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt wenigstens 70 Gew.-% und speziell wenigstens 80 Gew.-% oder wenigstens 90 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht an Astaxanthin und Astaxanthinderivaten in der Zusammensetzung, einen Monoester des Astaxanthins mit einer C18-1 -Fettsäure enthalten, weisen eine besonderes gute Bioverfügbarkeit auf. Sie eignen sich daher in besonderer Weise für den Einsatz in Nahrungsmitteln, Nahrungsergänzüngsmitteln oder Futtermitteln sowie zur therapeutischen Verwendung als Medikament sowie als Inhaltsstoff für medizinische Zubereitungen bzw. pharmazeutische Mittel.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a carotenoid mono-ester of the formula (I), including the stereoisomers of formula (I), wherein, R 1 is e.g. hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, C 4 -C 20 -alkdienyl, C 6 -C 20 -alktrienyl or C 8 -C 20 -alktetraenyl, R 2 is e.g. hydrogen or -NR a R b , wherein R a is e.g. hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, -Boc or -Cbz, R b is e.g. hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, R 3 is e.g. hydrogen, X 1 , X 2 are independently from each other CH 2 or C=O, which comprises reacting a phosphonium salt of the formula (II) or a stereoisomer thereof: wherein X 1 , R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are as defined for formula (I), R 4 is phenyl, tert-butyl or tolyl, and Y - is a suitable counteranion, with a 12'-apocarothenal of the formula (III) or a stereoisomer thereof: wherein X 2 is as defined for formula (I), in the presence of a base or a cryptobase.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a phosphonium salt ester of the formula (I), wherein R 1 is e.g. hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, C 4 -C 20 -alkdienyl, C 6 -C 20 -alktrienyl or C 8 -C 20 -alktetraenyl, R 2 is e.g. hydrogen or -NR a R b , wherein R a is e.g. hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, -Boc or -Cbz, R b is e.g. hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, R 3 is e.g. hydrogen, X is CH 2 or C=O, R 4 is phenyl, tert-butyl or tolyl, Y - is a suitable counteranion, the process being characterized in that an alcohol of the formula (IV), is reacted with a carboxylic acid or one of its derivatives of the formula (V), wherein the variables R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above, and for n = 1 the variable Z is halogen, -OH or -O-C(O)-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, and for n = 2 the variable Z is O or S, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a tertiary amine and in case a compound of the formula (IV) with Z = -OH is used also in the presence of an activator. The invention further relates to certain phosphonium salt esters of the formula (I).
摘要:
The invention relates to a lighting device for a photoreactor comprising a tubular housing (40) having a longitudinal axis (41) and a plurality of individual light sources (30) mounted on the inner surface of the housing (40), wherein the housing (40) comprises flow channels (46) for a heat transfer fluid, the flow channels (46) being arranged at the back side of the inner surface of the housing (40) behind the individual light sources forming a conformal cooling passage for the individual light sources. The invention further relates to a photoreactor comprising a lighting device and a reaction chamber with at least one tubular flow channel, the reaction chamber being arranged inside the lighting device and the channel wall being made of a material transmissive to the light emitted by the light sources.
摘要:
The invention describes a process for making astacene of formula 1, the exocyclic double bonds thereof having either an E configuration or an E-and/or Z-configuration, wherein astaxanthin of the general formula 2 having asymmetric centers 3 and 3', each of which respectively having an (S)- or (R)-conformation and the exocyclic double bonds of said astaxanthin 2 having either an E- or E- and/or Z configuration, is oxidized in the presence of at least one tertiary alcoholate.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a 12'-apocarotenal ester of the formula (I), R 1 is e.g. hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C2-C2o-alkenyl, C 4 -C 20 -alkdienyl, C 6 -C 20 -alktrienyl or C 8 -C 20 -alktetraenyl, R 2 is e.g. hydrogen or -NRaRb, wherein R a is e.g. hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, -C(0)-C 1 -C 3 -alkyl, -Boc or -Cbz, R b is e.g. hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, R 3 is e.g. hydrogen, and X is CH 2 or C=0, the process being characterized in that an alcohol of the formula (IV), is reacted with a carboxylic acid or one of its derivatives of the formula (V), wherein the variables R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above, and for n = 1 the variable Z is halogen, -OH or -0-C(0)-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, and for n = 2 the variable Z is O or S, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a tertiary amine and in case a compound of the formula (IV) with Z = -OH is used also in the presence of an activator. The invention further relates to certain 12'-apocarotenal esters of the formula (I).
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing 6-hydroxy-3-[3-hydroxy-3- methyl-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2,4,4-trimethyl-cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1 -one of the formula (I). The invention also relates to 6-hydroxy-3-[3-hydroxy-3-methyl-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2,4,4- trimethyl-cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1 -one having a high E/Z-ratio of at least 80:20 and to the use thereof as a starting material for the preparation of astaxanthin or astacene. (l), (ll) The process comprises the reaction of the compound of formula (II), namely 6-hydroxy- 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-pent-4-en-1 -ynyl)-2,4,4-trimethyl-cyclohex-2-en-1 -one, with a base. In this process, 1 E-isomer is formed with high selectivity, resulting in the compound of formula (I) with a E/Z-ratio of at least 80:20, in particular at least 90:10.
摘要:
The invention relates to a lighting device, to the use of the lighting device in a photochemical reaction, to a photochemical reactor and to a method used by the lighting device. The lighting device 100 comprises an LED unit 110 configured to emit light 114 to be used in the photochemical reaction, a housing 120 configured to house the LED unit, wherein at least a part of the housing is transparent for light to be used in the photochemical reaction, wherein the housing is configured to contain a dielectric liquid transparent for light generated by the LED unit such that it is in direct contact with at least a part of the light emitting side of the LED unit, and a liquid movement arrangement 130 configured to support a movement of the dielectric liquid such that the dielectric liquid transports heat produced by the LED unit away from the LED unit.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing bromotrichloromethane comprising a) providing bromine in chloroform; and b) radiation of the resulting solution with light in the range of 350 to 550 nm, wherein said solution of bromine in chloroform is not radiated with radiation of a wavelength below 350nm.