Abstract:
High throughput screening of catalyst libraries may be performed using spin resonance techniques, and an evanescent wave probe developed by the present inventors. The probe may operate using either nuclear magnetic resonance or electron spin resonance techniques. In one configuration, a scanning evanescent wave spin resonance probe is used in conjunction with a library of catalysts or other materials, and localized detection of spin resonance is carried out at each library address. In another configuration, the evanescent wave probe is used in a micro-reactor array assay.
Abstract:
The present embodiments are directed to cancer therapy; specifically a technique called "nanoparticle ferromagnetic resonance heating," where ferromagnetic resonance heating in addition to an RF hyperthermia treatment is used to cause cancer cell apoptosis and necrosis. An apparatus for carrying out a ferromagnetic resonance heating treatment of a tumor, comprises a volume concentration of super paramagnetic particles contained within the interior of the tumor, the concentration ranging from about 0.1 to about 1 percent; a magnetic field source configured to deliver a gradient DC magnetic field to the region of the tumor; and an energy source configured to deliver to the tumor an RF field at a frequency ranging from about 100 to 200 MHz. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the super paramagnetic particles are selected from the group consisting of maghemite (?-Fe 2 O 3 ) based compounds, and yttrium iron garnet (Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 ) based compounds.
Abstract translation:本实施例涉及癌症治疗; 具体地,称为“纳米颗粒铁磁共振加热”的技术,其中除了RF热疗处理之外的铁磁共振加热被用于引起癌细胞凋亡和坏死。 用于进行肿瘤的铁磁共振加热处理的装置包括肿瘤内部所含的超顺磁性颗粒的体积浓度,其浓度范围为约0.1%至约1%; 磁场源,被配置为向所述肿瘤的区域递送梯度DC磁场; 以及能量源,其被配置为以大约100至200MHz的频率向所述肿瘤输送RF场。 2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述超顺磁性粒子选自由以下物质组成的组:由磁赤铁矿(α-Fe 2 O 3 O 3)基化合物和钇铁石榴石(Y 3 sub> 5 sub> 12 sub> 12)基的化合物。
Abstract:
Novel systems of an evanescent microwave probe (EWP) are disclosed, which enable measurements of physical properties of a sample with enhanced sensitivity and resolution, simultaneously. In one embodiment, new shielding features are added to the probe (which may be of either a sharpened tip or loop configuration) to reduce the effects of residual far field radiation, while maintaining the probe section that extends beyond the shielding aperture of the resonator. To further increase the sensitivity of the instrument, an automatic gain-controlled active feedback loop system may be added to the probe resonator to form a self-oscillator. This new active circuit feature significantly increases the effective Q of the resonator probe, enhancing the sensitivity of both the frequency and Q measurement.
Abstract:
The present embodiments are directed to cancer therapy; specifically a technique called "nanoparticle ferromagnetic resonance heating," where ferromagnetic resonance heating in addition to an RF hyperthermia treatment is used to cause cancer cell apoptosis and necrosis. An apparatus for carrying out a ferromagnetic resonance heating treatment of a tumor, comprises a volume concentration of super paramagnetic particles contained within the interior of the tumor, the concentration ranging from about 0.1 to about 1 percent; a magnetic field source configured to deliver a gradient DC magnetic field to the region of the tumor; and an energy source configured to deliver to the tumor an RF field at a frequency ranging from about 100 to 200 MHz. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the super paramagnetic particles are selected from the group consisting of maghemite (?-Fe 2 O 3 ) based compounds, and yttrium iron garnet (Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 ) based compounds.
Abstract:
The present inventions are solar cell assemblies comprising a combination of efficiency enhancing features, such as, a photovoltaic cell array including two or more members having different band gaps, dispersive optics capable of directing wavelengths of incoming light to the most efficient cells for those wavelengths, light concentrators to focus incoming light onto the appropriate cells, and electrically conductive light concentrators that can act as contacts and transmission paths for current generated in the assembly.
Abstract:
Disclosed are fixed solar-electric modules having arrays of solar concentrator assemblies capable of separately tracking movements through one or two degrees of rotational freedom to follow the movement of the sun daily and/or seasonally. The concentrators can include optical elements to direct and concentrate light onto photovoltaic and/or thermoelectric receivers for generation of electric current.
Abstract:
The combinatorial approach to materials synthesis can create vast libraries of materials. Some luminescent materials can be activated by the application of electrical current. Additionally, these materials can be activated by the application of an electron gun or some other electron source, such as a /3-emitter. In its simplest form, a library of materials can be screened for luminescence by placing the library in a position to collect beta particles emitted from radioactive /3-emitters.
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods to synthesize new functional materials in an effective and efficient way. These methods include physical vapor deposition and laser-assisted epitaxial growth capable of synthesizing materials comprising a plurality of precursors with similar or dissimilar chemical and/or physical properties. The designated materials are formed during the combinatorial synthesis without the neccessity of post-deposition furnace heating to thermally activate simultaneous reaction and diffusion of precursor multilayers. Modulated photoreflectance spectroscopy may be used to screen regions of the library to assess deposition conditions.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention are directed toward white light illumination systems (so called 'white LEDs') that comprise a multi-chip excitation source and a phosphor package. In a two-chip source, the two LEDs may be UV-emitting and blue emitting, or blue-emitting and green-emitting. The phosphor package is configured to emit photoluminescence in wavelengths ranging from about 440 nm to about 700 nm upon co-excitation from the first and second radiation sources. The photoluminescence emitted by the phosphors is at least 40 percent of the total power in the white light illumination, and the portion of the total power in the white light illumination contributed by the first and second radiation sources (LEDs) is less than about 60 percent. This ratio can vary in alternative embodiments, and includes 50/50, 60/40, 70/30, and 80/20, respectively. The white light illumination emitted by the system has in one embodiment a color rendering index (CRI) greater than about 90.
Abstract:
A method for classifying cancer patients as eligible to receive cancer therapy comprising determination of the presence or absence in a patient tissue sample of chromosomal copy number gain at chromosomal locus 18q21-q22. The classification of cancer patients based upon the presence or absence of 18q21-q22 gain allows selection of patients to receive chemotherapy, such as therapy with a Bcl-2 family inhibitor, and for monitoring patient response to therapy.