Abstract:
Methods and systems of assembling and making laminated electro-mechanical systems and structures are described. A plurality of structural layers (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114) are formed that include at least one structural layer having a movable element (108) formed therein. The plurality of structural layers (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114) are stacked and aligned into a stack (116). Each structural layer in the stack is attached to an adjacent structural layer of the stack.
Abstract:
A latching relay employing a movable cantilever with a first permanent magnet and a nearby second magnet is disclosed. The permanent magnet affixed to the cantilever is permanently magnetized along its long (horizontal) axis. The cantilever has a first end associated to the first pole (e g, north pole) of the first magnet, and a second end associated to the second pole (e g, south pole) of the first magnet. When the first end of the cantilever approaches the second magnet, the first pole of the first magnet induces a local opposite pole (e g, south pole) in the second magnet and causes the first end of the cantilever to be attracted to the local opposite pole of the second magnet, closing an electrical conduction path (closed state). An open state on the first end of cantilever (10) can be maintained either by the second pole of first magnet being attracted to a local opposite pole in the second magnet or by a mechanical restoring force of flexure spring which supports the cantilever. A third electromagnet (e g, a coil or solenoid), when energized, provides a third perpendicular magnetic field about the first magnet and produces a torque on the associated cantilever to force the cantilever to switch between closed and open states. A few alternate embodiments of the relay are also disclosed which include a case where the latching feature is disabled, and another case where an external magnet is used to switch the cantilever.
Abstract:
An interactive method, a user terminal and a communication system am provided for multimedia message services. The method comprises the steps of receiving a multimedia message from a server; generating a page displaying or playing the multimedia message at a user terminal, wherein one or more controllers are embedded into the displayed or played multimedia message and associations between said controllers are defined; and triggering at least one action event and performing a corresponding action in response to the operations of one or more controllers. A response message fed back to the server is automatically generated at the user terminal, and an optimized multimedia message interface is provided for the user, a local interaction and a interaction between the terminal and the back end service can be flexibly realized.
Abstract:
A switch with an open state and a closed state suitably includes a cantilever having first and second states corresponding to the open and closed states of the switch, respectively. The switch may also include a magnet configured to provide an electromagnetic field that maintains said cantilever in one of the first and second states. Various embodiments may also include an electrode or electrical conductor configured to provide an electric potential or electromagnetic pulse, as appropriate, to switch the cantilever between the first and second states. Various embodiments may be formulated with micromachining technologies, and may be formed on a substrate.
Abstract:
A micro magnetic latching device. The device comprises a substrate having a moveable element supported thereon. The moveable element (cantilever) has a long axis and a magnetic material. The device also has first and second magnets that produce a first magnetic field, which induces a magnetization in the magnetic material. The magnetization is characterized by a magnetization vector pointing in a direction along the long axis of the moveable element, wherein the first magnetic field is approximately perpendicular to a major central portion of long axis. The device also has a coil that produces a second magnetic field to switch the moveable element between two stable states, wherein only temporary application of the second magnetic field is required to change direction of the magnetization vector thereby causing the movable element to switch between the two stable states.
Abstract:
The invention described relates to an apparatus and method for measuring the concentration of a low molecular weight alcohol, in an aqueous liquid feed solution, comprising a first sensor including a hydrophilic capillary tube having an inner diameter, being disposed between two electrodes to form a first capacitor, a second sensor including a hydrophobic capillary tube having the same inner diameter as a capillary tube of the first sensor; said hydrophobic capillary tube having a hydrophobic coating on the inner diameter, being disposed between two electrodes to form a second capacitor, wherein the first hydrophilic and second hydrophobic sensors are dipped to the same depth in the aqueous solution to measure the solution concentration, means for measuring the capacitance of the two capacitors, and control means including a control circuit driven by a computer, wherein the difference in capacitance between the two capacitors is a measure of the concentration of the solution, independent of the depth of dipping of the two capacitors in the aqueous solution. In another embodiment, a single hydrophilic sensor is employed.