Abstract:
The invention provides a method for the purification of a liquid by membrane distillation comprising: passing a heated vapourising stream of a liquid (retentate stream) through a retentate channel along a porous hydrophobic membrane (10), whereby vapour of the liquid flows via the pores of the membrane to the other side of said membrane, and condensing said vapour on the other side of said membrane to give a distillate stream in a distillate channel (5) which distillate is created by passing the heat of condensation (latent heat) towards a condenser surface (3), said condenser surface forming a non-porous separation between a feed stream of the liquid to be purified and said distillate stream, which feed stream is passed through a feed channel (2) in counter-current with the retentate stream, in which feed channel a space material (4) is arranged whereby at least part of the latent heat is transferred via the condenser surface to the feed stream, and whereby a positive liquid pressure difference is applied between the retentate stream and the feed stream at the corresponding points of the retentate channel and the feed channel over at least a part of each of the retentate channel (9) and feed channel. The invention further provides an apparatus suitable for use in said method.
Abstract:
Apparatus and method are provided for treatment of impotable water and for optionally simultaneously creating surplus electricity. Briefly, water is marshaled through a series of chambers by variances in pressure which are created as the water changes state from liquid to gas and from gas to liquid. The source or input water moves through the system, first heated, then vaporized where the impurities fall out, then pushed and pulled through a nozzle where it turns the blades of a turbine-type generator, and finally condensed where the newly- distilled water is removed from the system.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Destillieren eines Ausgangsmaterials (4) umfassend eine zu destillierende Flüssigkeit Fd, unter Verwendung eines gasdichten, auf Über- und/oder Unterdruck festen Behältersystems (1), der einen Verdampfer (2) mit dem Ausgangsmaterial (4), das temperiert werden kann, einen Kondensator (3) zum Kondensieren der zu Dampf gewordenen, temperierbaren Flüssigkeit Fd zum Kondensat (5), sowie einen den Verdampfer (2) und den Kondensator (3) verbindenden Dampfraum (6) umfasst. Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Idee besteht darin, dass der Dampf im Dampfraum (6) bis auf eine tolerierte Restmenge frei von Fremdgas ist. Dies wird erreicht, indem der Druck im Dampfraum (6) überwacht und derart geregelt wird, dass die Destillation stets im Bereich nahe des Sättigungsdampfdrucks der zu destillierenden Flüssigkeit Fd durchgeführt wird. Dazu müssen der Druck und die Temperatur im Dampfraum (6) stets ermittelt werden. Bei zu hohem Druck wird dieser derart reduziert, dass dadurch vornehmlich Fremdgas entfernt wird. Ferner umfasst die Erfindung eine Anlage zum Destillieren nach dem genannten Verfahren, wobei diese Anlage in einem Container untergebracht ist.
Abstract:
A system has a first plate heat exchanger at a first pressure to heat a fluid containing dissolved solids to form a heated fluid at a temperature below the boiling point of the fluid. A vaporization chamber is connected to the first plate heat exchanger. The vaporization chamber is at a second pressure below the first pressure. The vaporization chamber receives the heated fluid and produces a gaseous component substantially free of dissolved solids and a solids component. A compressor is connected to the vaporization chamber. The compressor receives the gaseous component and produces a fluidic output. The first plate heat exchanger has plates forming chambers. A manifold arrangement distributes an unprocessed fluid from the vaporization chamber to a first subset of the chambers and distributes the fluidic output from the compressor to a second subset of the chambers.
Abstract:
La presente invención corresponde a un dispositivo para extraer agua del ambiente que comprende un medio de captura de agua del ambiente con desecante líquido, una cámara de evaporación, un mecanismo de evaporación, un ducto por donde fluye desecante líquido con agua del medio de captura a la cámara de evaporación, un ducto por donde fluye desecante líquido de la cámara de evaporación al medio de captura, un depósito para disponer agua extraída del desecante líquido en la cámara de evaporación, un ducto por donde fluye el agua del cilindro, del mecanismo de evaporación, al depósito y un dispositivo de control que controla el compresor. El mecanismo de evaporación comprende un cilindro localizado al interior de la cámara de evaporación, una membrana localizada en el interior del cilindro y un compresor operativamente conectado con la membrana para inflar y desinflar la membrana.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere von Meer- und/oder Brackwasser und/oder einer Abfallflüssigkeit und/oder Abwasser, bei dem bzw. bei der in einer vorgegebenen Aufbereitungsstufe ein mit Wasserdampf beladener, heißer Trägergasstrom als heißer Wasserdampf-Trägergasstrom, insbesondere aus einer Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Flüssigkeiten, vorliegt. Erfindungsgemäß wird wenigstens ein Teilstrom des heißen Wasserdampf-Trägergasstromes einer Wasserdampf-Elektrolyse in einem Wasserdampf-Elektrolysator (58; 265) unterworfen, in der wenigstens ein Teil des Wasserstoffes und/oder Sauerstoffes vom heißen Wasserdampf-Trägergasstrom abgespalten und ein getrockneter Trägergasstrom erzeugt wird.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method for the purification of a liquid by membrane distillation comprising: passing a heated vapourising stream of a liquid (retentate stream) through a retentate channel along a porous hydrophobic membrane (10), whereby vapour of the liquid flows via the pores of the membrane to the other side of said membrane, and condensing said vapour on the other side of said membrane to give a distillate stream in a distillate channel (5) which distillate is created by passing the heat of condensation (latent heat) towards a condenser surface (3), said condenser surface forming a non-porous separation between a feed stream of the liquid to be purified and said distillate stream, which feed stream is passed through a feed channel (2) in counter-current with the retentate stream, in which feed channel a space material (4) is arranged whereby at least part of the latent heat is transferred via the condenser surface to the feed stream, and whereby a positive liquid pressure difference is applied between the retentate stream and the feed stream at the corresponding points of the retentate channel and the feed channel over at least a part of each of the retentate channel (9) and feed channel. The invention further provides an apparatus suitable for use in said method.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for distillation of a liquid near or above the critical point of the liquid, wherein the liquid is fed to a separation zone (32) in which a temperature profile rising from a liquid inlet to a vapour outlet is provided in a predominant part of the separation zone, said liquid assuming in said temperature profile a temperature near or above the critical temperature of the liquid, and residue (53) is withdrawn immediately below the liquid surface (45) in the separation zone (32). The method and the apparatus are useful for desalination of salt water and for purification/heat treatment of waste water from industry and agriculture.
Abstract:
A fluid purifier includes a vacuum separator (10) having a rotating disc (17) disposed inside a chamber (11) which is maintained at a negative pressure. Oil contaminated with a chlorofluorocarbon is introduced onto the surface of the disc (17), and the disc (17) is rotated to disperse the oil into droplets. Chlorofluorocarbons in the oil are vaporized from the droplets to form a vapor. The vapor is condensed to recover a liquid chlorofluorocarbon.