Abstract:
The invention relates to an oil-in-water emulsion comprising an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and a primary surfactant, wherein the oil phase is dispersed in the aqueous phase, and wherein the oil-in-water emulsion has: an average droplet size distribution (D[4,3]) in the range of from 3 to 15 µm and less than 3wt% of the droplets have a particle size of greater than 125 µm;a viscosity of greater than 100 and up to 700 mPas at 50°C ±10% and 20 s -1 ±10%; and a static stability of less than 5% residue after centrifugation at 50°C ±10% and 2000g ±10% for 30 minutes ±10%. A process for preparing such an oil-in-water emulsion comprises preparing an aqueous phase comprising a primary surfactant, heating a hydrocarbon-containing oil-phase, and blending the hydrocarbon-containing oil and the aqueous phase under conditions sufficient to form an oil-in-water emulsion. The invention also relates to methods for determining the static and dynamic stability of oil-in-water emulsions. Static stability can be determined by a method comprising the steps of: providing an oil-in-water emulsion; centrifuging the oil-in-water emulsion under predetermined conditions for a predetermined period of time; determining the amount of residue deposited from the oil-in-water emulsion after the predetermined period of time; and determining the oil-in-water emulsion's static stability. A method for determining the dynamic stability of an oil-in-water emulsion comprises the steps of: providing an oil-in-water emulsion; analysing the oil-in-water emulsion at a first time; recirculating the oil-in-water emulsion in a recirculation loop; and analysing the oil-in- water emulsion at second time after recirculation has started; in which the oil-in-water emulsion's dynamic stability is determined based on the analysis at the first and second times.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a new Winsor type IV microemulsion system for faster return of well service fluid and enhanced production of hydrocarbon-containing fluids in fractured tight subterranean formations, where the microemulsion system includes a surfactant subsystem including at least one glucamide sugar surfactant, a solvent subsystem and a co-solvent subsystem and to methods for making and using same.
Abstract:
Present invention relates to a process for manufacturing emulsion composition which comprises an oil phase dispersed in a continuous water phase which is stabilized with a surfactant as an emulsifier. The present invention is on a method for producing an emulsion comprising one or more fatty alcohol, one or more oil liquid at 20 °C and one or more surfactant wherein one or more surfactant is added to the dispersion of one or more fatty alcohol and one or more oil liquid at 20 °C in water at a temperature of 50 °C or higher, preferably 60 °C or higher, with the condition that the temperature of the dispersion is at least 10°C higher than the melting point of fatty alcohol having the highest melting point, more preferably between 60 and 85 °C wherein the emulsion thus obtained does not comprise dispersed droplets with a volume size larger than or equal to 10 μm measured directly without dilution of the emulsion at 20 °C measured with a laser particle size analyzer suitable therefore.
Abstract:
La presente invención se relaciona con el proceso de obtención y uso de líquidos zwitteriónicos geminales ramificados base bis-N,N-dialquil-N-poliéter-betaína o bis-N,N-dialquenil-N-poliéter-betaína o bis-N,N-dicicloalquil-N-poliéter-betaína o bis-N,N-diaril-N-poliéter-betaína, como modificadores de la mojabilidad de rocas como caliza, dolomita, arenisca, cuarzo o litologías heterogéneas, en presencia de salmueras con alto contenido de iones divalentes como calcio, magnesio, bario y estroncio, alta temperatura y alta presión en procesos de recuperación mejorada de petróleo para incrementar la producción de petróleo. Los líquidos zwitteriónicos geminales ramificados de la presente invención tienen además la propiedad de actuar como reductores de la viscosidad para aceites pesados con alto contenido de fracciones polares, tanto en operaciones de extracción y producción como de transporte y almacenamiento, permitiendo así incrementar el nivel de producción de este tipo de aceites. Una ventaja adicional que presentan los líquidos zwitteriónicos derivada de su estructura molecular es que pueden ser manipulados de tal forma que les permita ser solubles en agua, en hidrocarburo o en otros disolventes polares y no polares.
Abstract:
A composition comprising at least one particulate inorganic or organic compound, and a dispersant, said dispersant comprising a residue of a dimer fatty acid and/or trimer fatty acid having at least one carboxylic acid group derivatised to provide a terminal secondary or tertiary amine. The dispersant may be formed by reaction of a dimer fatty acid and/or trimer fatty acid and a secondary or tertiary amine comprising compound. The invention also includes the use of the dispersant for dispersing a particulate inorganic or organic compound in a composition.
Abstract:
The present invention concerns the use, as a cationic surfactant for preparing bitumen emulsions, of at least one emulsifier comprising, and preferably consisting of: a) at least one alkoxylated amine, preferably comprising at least 5 alkyleneoxy units, and comprising at least one hydrocarbon chain, preferably a hydrocarbon chain comprising between 8 and 30 carbon atoms, inclusive; and b) at least one carboxylic acid of formula R'-COOH, in which R' represents a hydrocarbon chain comprising between 7 and 12 carbon atoms, inclusive, optionally comprising one or a plurality of unsaturations in the form of (a) double and/or triple bond(s). The invention also concerns bitumen emulsions prepared from said emulsifier, and the coated products prepared with said emulsions.
Abstract:
A emulsifier composition comprises a water-in-oil emulsifier and a fatty salt of an amido amine having the structure R1-C(0)-NH- R2-N(R3)(R4) or the precursor mixture thereof consisting of the corresponding fatty acid and the amido amine. The process for the preparation of the water-in-oil emulsion involves rapidly mixing all the oil and the water phase together by the use of the emulsifier composition. And the water-in-oil emulsion comprising the emulsifier composition is also provided.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine stabile hochkonzentrierte (bis 70 Gew.-%) wässrige Suspension von Nanopartikeln, insbesondere von Titandioxidpartikeln, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung und die Verwendung der Suspension beispielsweise als Beschichtung oder Imprägnierung oder als Additiv in organischen oder anorganischen Matrizes. Die Suspension enthält ein erstes Dispergiermittel auf Basis eines polymeren Alkoxylats und ein zweites Dispergiermittel aus der Gruppe der Aminoalkohole. Die Suspension zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Stabilität auch bei oder nach starker Dispergierung in einer Rührwerksmühle erhalten bleibt und kein Viskositätsanstieg auftritt. In einer besonderen Ausführung verringert sich die Viskosität in Abhängigkeit von der Mahldauer um bis zu 10 bis 50%. In einer weiteren Ausführung kann die Suspension getrocknet und anschließend redispergiert werden, wobei der gleiche Dispergierzustand wie bei der Originalsuspension erreicht wird.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing crude oil by means of Winsor type III microemulsion flooding, wherein an aqueous surfactant formulation which comprises at least one ionic surfactant of general formula R1 N+ (R2)m (R3)n (R4) X- is forced through injection wells into a mineral oil deposit and crude oil is withdrawn from the deposit through production wells.