摘要:
Methods and liquid compositions for stabilizing an oxidizing biocide in a water system. The liquid composition comprises a hydantoin, and a surfactant, a ratio of a concentration of the hydantoin to the surfactant in the liquid composition is in a range of 1:1 to 99:1 by volume. The method comprises mixing a hydantoin, a surfactant and an oxidizing biocide with water to form a liquid treatment composition, and then adding the liquid treatment composition to a water stream in the water system, the liquid treatment composition improving the efficacy of the oxidizing biocide in the water stream.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods of preparing antifouling coatings on reverse osmosis membranes with initiated vapor deposition or oxidative vapor deposition. The coatings enhance the stability and lifetime of membranes without sacrificing performance characteristics, such as permeability or salt retention.
摘要:
Methods for cleaning water filtration membranes by treatment with a DNase containing cleaning composition. Optionally the composition also comprises a biocidal and/or other enzymes such as proteases. The DNAse may be derived from Aspergillus oryzae or from Bacillus licheniformis.
摘要:
A method for wastewater treatment with zero discharge of sludge is provided, which including: a) providing a membrane bioreactor system comprising a membrane separation system (1) and a reaction vessel (2); and b) aerating the membrane separation system (1) and the reaction vessel (2) to control a dissolved oxygen concentration around the membrane separation system (1) to be greater than 0 and smaller than 2 mg/L and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction vessel (2) excluding the membrane separation system (1) to be greater than 0 and smaller than 1 mg/L. A wastewater treatment system with zero discharge of sludge includes a membrane bioreactor system, and the membrane bioreactor system includes a reaction vessel (2), a membrane separation system (1), a water production system, and an aeration system.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and system for treating flue gases comprising generating a superimposed DC time-varying pulsed wave by superimposing a direct current on a low frequency time-varying pulsating electromagnetic wave signal, providing a treatment medium comprising water, using the superimposed DC pulsed wave to treat the treatment water medium, negatively charging the treated treatment water medium, and passing the thus treated treatment water medium into a chamber containing flue gas such that the treated treatment water affects the gas components of the flue gas and converts the gas components respectively to one or more of sulphates, nitrogen, oxygen, bicarbonates, carbonates and carbon, which can then be removed with used treatment water or exhaust gases. In particular, the invention relates to methods and systems for applying a superimposed time-varying frequency electromagnetic wave comprising both AC and DC components in a pulsating manner to enable the removal of pollutant gases from flue gases.
摘要:
A system for continuously treating water with residual oil and/or solids includes a treatment system with inline mixers. A pH adjustment fluid may be added to the water in a first inline mixer. A micro-encapsulating flocculating dispersion flocculant may be added in a second inline mixer. The addition of the micro-encapsulating flocculating dispersion flocculant may cause flocculation of residual oil and/or solids in the water to form a pin flocculant. An activator may be added in a third inline mixer and a conditioner may be added in a fourth inline mixer. Bulk flocculant may be formed from the pin flocculant after the addition of the conditioner. The resultant mixture may flow to a settling tank where the flocculants may settle to produce treated water. After settling, the treated water may flow through a mechanical filter and/or a sorption filter to produce water suitable for desalination and/or other downstream processes.
摘要:
The invention relates to a undergravel filter for an aquarium. The filter is disposed at the bottom of the aquarium and draws in all types of impurities, inter alia, before expelling them towards the external filter. The filter comprises: two funnels for each part of the filter such that they each form a container which directs all the matter which slips thereinto to the discharge aperture, at the base of each funnel (10). The discharge tube is triangular (11) and is located between the two funnels from which it draws in water and the impurities via the discharge aperture at the base of the funnels, on the wall of the tube. A further, wider, tube (23) draws in water and the impurities from the discharge tube and directs them towards the suction tube.
摘要:
Microbial growth of at least one microorganism may be decreased, prevented, and/or inhibited in a fluid by providing ultrasonic waves to the fluid. In an optional non-limiting embodiment, an amount of at least one gas may be provided to the fluid for further decreasing the microbial population, preventing microbial growth, and/or inhibiting microbial growth. In another non-limiting embodiment, the fluid may be a downhole fluid, such as but not limited to, drilling fluids, completion fluids, production fluids, injection fluids, stimulation fluids, refinery fluids, servicing fluids, and combinations thereof. Alternatively, the fluid or downhole fluid may have a temperature ranging from about 25 C to about 100 C.
摘要:
A method for monitoring occurrence of biofouling at a reverse osmosis membrane is provided. The method comprises deriving a plurality of conductance values from a low frequency region of an electrical impedance spectrum of the reverse osmosis membrane, plotting the plurality of conductance values as a function of time to generate a curve, and determining presence of a point at which a slope of the curve transitions from a positive slope to a negative slope as indication that biofouling has occurred. Use of the method for in-situ monitoring of biofouling on a reverse osmosis membrane is also provided.
摘要:
A time-release composition and method of making and using the time-release composition. The time-release composition may include an active ingredient that is useful in deterring unwanted growth, such as bacterial and fungal growth, in high- flow water environments. The composition can include several active ingredients to provide a multiple use tablet. The multi-use tablet can be used to dispense any combination of active ingredients that act as clarifiers, minerals, medications, buffers, chemical dosing, and/or other maintenance components, such as growth deterrents and water filtration augmentation and any combination thereof.