摘要:
The present invention relates to processes for the formation of pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDCA), in particular, 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,4-PDCA) and 2,5- pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,5-PDCA), and mono- and diester derivatives thereof, from 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, via a biocatalytic reaction using, for example, a protocatechuate dioxygenase such as protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase or protocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase, and a nitrogen source. The invention also relates to copolymers that comprise the pyridinedicarboxylic acid monomers and derivatives thereof, processes for the formation of the copolymers and uses for the copolymers.
摘要:
4,6-Dibromo-3-hydroxypicolinonitrile may be prepared from furfural in a series of chemical steps selected from cyano-amination, amine salt formation and bromination-rearrangement. 4-Alkoxy-3-hydroxypicolinic acids may be conveniently prepared from 4,6-dibromo-3-hydroxypicolinonitrile in a series of chemical steps selected from bromo substitution, nitrile hydrolysis and halogen reduction.
摘要:
Provided herein are solid forms comprising {[5-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypyridine-2-carbonyl]amino} acetic acid, compositions comprising the solid forms, methods of making the solid forms and methods of their use for the treatment of various diseases and/or disorders.
摘要:
Methods of preparing a fluorinated substrate by combining potassium fluoride, a quaternary ammonium salt, and a substrate substituted with at least one chloro, bromo, sulfonyl, or nitro group to thereby provide the fluorinated substrate are disclosed.
摘要:
The present invention provides compositions and methods for the selective C-H fluorination of nitrogen-containing heteroarenes with AgF 2 , which has previously been considered too reactive for practical, selective C-H fluorination. Fluorinated heteroarenes are prevalent in numerous pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials. However, the reactions used to introduce fluorine into these molecules require pre-functionalized substrates or the use of F 2 gas. The present invention provides a mild and general method for the C-H fluorination of nitrogen-containing heteroarene compounds to 2-fluoro-heteroarenes with commercially available AgF 2 . In various embodiments, these reactions occur at ambient temperature within one hour and occur with exclusive selectivity for fluorination at the 2-position. Exemplary reaction conditions are effective for fluorinating diazine heteroarenes to form a single fluorinated isomer.
摘要:
The present invention relates to new processes for the preparation of 2-cyclopentyl-6-methoxy-isonicotinic acid, which is a useful intermediate for the synthesis of pyridine-4-yl derivatives as immunomodulating agent. Moreover, the present invention also relates to new intermediates used in those processes.
摘要:
The present application provides methods for converting alginate into 5-hydroxypyridine- 2-carboxylic acid (5-HPA) using an alginate lyase and a recombinant oligoalginate lyase. The alginate lyase breaks down alginate into oligoalginate. The oligoalginate lyase breaks down the oligoalginate into monomers such as 4-deoxy-L-erythro-hexoseulose uronate (DEHU), which serves as a precursor for conversion into 5-HPA. The addition of ammonia or an ammonium ion further drives the conversion of DEHU into 5-HPA.