Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a sugar product from ligno-cellulosic material, comprising the following steps: optionally pre-treatment of the ligno-cellulosic material; optionally washing of the optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material; enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and/or optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic materialusing an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulase; and optionally recovery of a sugar product;wherein during part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis, oxygen is added to the ligno-cellulosic material and during part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis less oxygen is added to the ligno-cellulosic material compared to the other part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis, preferably no oxygen is added to the ligno-cellulosic material.
Abstract:
A surfactant treated bleached softwood kraft pulp fiber, useful as a starting material In the production of cellulose derivatives including cellulose ether, cellulose esters and viscose, is disclosed. Methods for making the kraft pulp fiber and products made from it are also described.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a fermentation product from ligno-cellulosic material, comprising the following steps: a) optionally pre-treatment of the ligno-cellulosic material; b) optionally washing of the optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material; c) enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and/or optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material using an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulase; d) fermentation of the hydrolysed ligno-cellulosic material to produce a fermentation product; and e) optionally recovery of a fermentation product; wherein before and/or during the enzymatic hydrolysis oxygen is added to the ligno-cellulosic material.
Abstract:
A process for delignifying and optionally bleaching nonwoody lignocellulosic substrates to produce a dietary fiber suitable for human consumption is disclosed. The process involves (a) an optional first step of treating the substrate with an aqueous alkali solution containing 1 to 20 % by weight, based on dry substrate, of a base at 20 DEG to 100 DEG C to swell and remove base soluble materials from the substrate; (b) separating the substrate and optionally washing it with water; (c) uniformly wetting the substrate with an aqueous alkaline solution containing 1 to 20 wt. % of base, based on dry substrate, to form a slurry, placing the slurry in a pressure vessel which is pressured with oxygen gas to 20 to 300 psig (138 to 2070 kPa) for 5 to 180 minutes at a temperature of 50 DEG to 150 DEG C to delignify the substrate, separating the delignified susbstrate from the lignin containing extract solution; (d) optionally bleaching the delignified substrate, preferably with an alkaline aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution; and (e) recovering the delignified substrate. Optionally more than one oxygenation step can be used with the substrate being separated from the oxygenation-extraction medium between oxygenation steps. Optionally, in a preferred aspect of the present invention a peroxide, preferably 0.5 to 10 weight percent hydrogen peroxide, is included in the reaction medium during one of the oxygenation steps.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a fermentation product from ligno-cellulosic material, comprising the following steps: a) optionally pre-treatment of the ligno-cellulosic material; b) optionally washing of the optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material; c) enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and/or optionally pre-treated ligno-cellulosic material using an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulase; d) whereby less than 7.5 mg enzyme composition/g glucan (on dry matter and enzyme as protein) or less than 3.0 mg enzyme composition/g feedstock (on dry matter and enzyme as protein) is used; and e) fermentation of the hydrolysed ligno-cellulosic material to produce a fermentation product; and f) optionally recovery of a fermentation product; wherein before and/or during the enzymatic hydrolysis oxygen is added to the ligno-cellulosic material.
Abstract:
The process of the present invention relates to a substantially sulfur free process for the manufacturing of a chemical pulp with an integrated recovery system for recovery of pulping chemicals. The subject process is carried out in several stages involving physical and chemical treatment of lignocellulosic material in order to increase accessibility of the lignocellulosic material to reactions with an oxygen-based delignification agent. Spent cellulose liquor comprising lignin components and spent chemical reagents is fully or partially oxidized in a gas generator wherein a stream of hot raw gas and a stream of alkaline chemicals and chemical reagents is formed for subsequent recycle and reuse in the pulp manufacturing process.
Abstract:
A process for delignifying and optionally bleaching nonwoody lignocellulosic substrates to produce a dietary fiber suitable for human consumption is disclosed. The process involves (a) an optional first step of treating the substrate with an aqueous alkali solution containing 1 to 20 % by weight, based on dry substrate, of a base at 20° to 100 °C to swell and remove base soluble materials from the substrate; (b) separating the substrate and optionally washing it with water; (c) uniformly wetting the substrate with an aqueous alkaline solution containing 1 to 20 wt. % of base, based on dry substrate, to form a slurry, placing the slurry in a pressure vessel which is pressured with oxygen gas to 20 to 300 psig (138 to 2070 kPa) for 5 to 180 minutes at a temperature of 50° to 150 °C to delignify the substrate, separating the delignified susbstrate from the lignin containing extract solution; (d) optionally bleaching the delignified substrate, preferably with an alkaline aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution; and (e) recovering the delignified substrate. Optionally more than one oxygenation step can be used with the substrate being separated from the oxygenation-extraction medium between oxygenation steps. Optionally, in a preferred aspect of the present invention a peroxide, preferably 0.5 to 10 weight percent hydrogen peroxide, is included in the reaction medium during one of the oxygenation steps.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a sugar product from lignocellulosic material, comprising the following steps: a) optionally, pretreatment of the lignocellulosic material; b) optionally, washing of the optionally pretreated lignocellulosic material; c) enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and/or optionally pretreated lignocellulosic material in a hydrolysis reactor using an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulase; and d) optionally, recovery of a sugar product; wherein during the enzymatic hydrolysis oxygen-containing gas is added to the lignocellulosic material in the hydrolysis reactor and wherein part of the oxygen-containing gas, added to the lignocellulosic material, is gas originating from the headspace of the reactor, preferably during part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis less oxygen is added to the lignocellulosic material compared to the other part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis, or preferably during part of the time of the enzymatic hydrolysis no oxygen is added to the lignocellulosic material.
Abstract:
A bleached softwood kraft pulp fiber with high alpha cellulose content and improved anti-yellowing is provided. Methods for making the kraft pulp fiber and products made from it are also described.
Abstract:
A method to make pulp adapted for forming a corrugated medium, the method includes: cooking chips in a cooking vessel using a caustic carbonated pulping soda/caustic (SC) cooking liquor injected into the cooking vessel; fiberizing the chips discharged from the cooking vessel to form a pulp, and removing lignin from the pulp or oxidizing lignin in the pulp by injecting oxygen (O 2 ) into the fiberized pulp.