Abstract:
A process and apparatus for managing hydrogen sulfide in a refinery is provided. In the process, a hydrogen sulfide stream from said refinery is fed to a sulfur recovery unit to produce sulfur and a sulfur compound stream or to a thermal oxidizer. The sulfur compound stream and the hydrogen sulfide stream are then thermally oxidized to produce a sulfur oxide stream. The sulfur oxide stream is then reacted with an ammonia stream. In aspect, the product of the reaction can be a fertilizer. The ammonia stream can be obtained from stripping the hydrogen sulfide stream.
Abstract:
An ammonia synthesis plant comprising: a feed pretreating section operable to pretreat a feed stream; a syngas generation section operable to reform the feed stream to produce a reformer product stream; a shift conversion section operable to subject the reformer product stream to the water gas shift reaction, to produce a shifted gas stream comprising more hydrogen than the reformer gas stream; a purification section operable to remove at least one component from the shifted gas stream, and provide an ammonia synthesis feed stream; and/or an ammonia synthesis section operable to produce ammonia from the ammonia synthesis feed stream, wherein the ammonia synthesis plant is configured such that, relative to a conventional ammonia synthesis plant, more of the energy required by the ammonia synthesis plant or one or more sections thereof is provided by a non-carbon based energy source, a renewable energy source, and/or electricity.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for processing a gas stream comprising urea dust and ammonia, comprising the steps of: (a) separating said ammonia from said urea dust, (b) converting said urea dust into an aqueous urea solution, (c) converting said ammonia into an aqueous ammonium sulphate solution, (d) mixing said aqueous urea solution and said aqueous ammonium sulphate solution, thereby obtaining a urea ammonium sulphate solution, and optionally, concentrating said aqueous urea solution, said aqueous ammonium sulphate solution, and/or said urea ammonium sulphate solution.
Abstract:
A multi-level spray system is provided for quenching of reactor effluent gas comprising acrylonitrile and ammonia. The system comprises at least first and second spray bars, each bar extending substantially across a diameter of a quench vessel. The first spray bar is located below and parallel to the second spray bar. Each bar comprises arms that extend substantially perpendicular to its respective bar, each arm having at least two extenders extending substantially perpendicular to its respective arm. Each extender comprises a nozzle configured to downwardly spray a hollow cone spray of a quench liquid. Spray from the first and second bars, in combination, provides a downward wall of projected spray that covers more surface area of a horizontal cross section of the vessel below the first spray bar than a surface area of the same horizontal cross section covered by the first projected spray alone.
Abstract:
A system and method for generating, purifying, and using ultra-pure ammonia on-site, such as at a semiconductor manufacturing facility. The system includes an ammonia generation system configured to generate ammonia including carbon dioxide, water, and other impurities. A purification system is provided with the generation system in the manufacturing facility and is linked to the output of the generation system. The purification system processes the effluent from the ammonia generation system to remove substantially all of the carbon dioxide, water, and other impurities to produce an outlet stream of ultra-pure ammonia. The system further includes a point of use system provided at the same manufacturing facility to utilize the outlet stream of ultra-pure ammonia.
Abstract:
Ammonia is removed from synthesis gas, or other gaseous solvents by utilizing a sorbent to remove the ammonia followed by an in situ regeneration of the sorbent and recovery of the ammonia. The ammonia is sorbed onto the bed of sorbent, thereby producing a purified gaseous solvent. Regeneration is achieved by using at least a portion of the gaseous solvent which is then acted upon to increase its solvent capacity for the ammonia and passed through the sorbent in the opposite direction to desorb the ammonia from the sorbent to provide an increased solvent capacity gaseous solvent. The ammonia is then recovered from the increased solvent capacity gaseous solvent.