Abstract:
Described here are systems, devices, and methods of renal replacement therapy. In some variations, a continuous ambulatory dialysis device may comprise a first fluid conduit configured to receive a fluid from a patient, a second fluid conduit configured to output the fluid to the patient, and an electroosmotic pump configured to pump and filter the fluid. The electroosmotic pump may be coupled between the first fluid conduit and the second fluid conduit. The electroosmotic pump may comprise a first electrode configured to adsorb urea in the fluid, a second electrode, and a porous substrate coupled therebetween.
Abstract:
I. An osmolarity measuring device for providing a semi-quantitative color measure of liquid's osmolarity, said device comprising: a. none or more coloring agents; b. none or more swelling agents; c. none or more solutions; d. a vesicle with a continuous integument, containing within said integument at least one of a group consisting of said coloring agent, said swelling agent and said solution; and e. a support of absorbent material impregnated in at least one area with a plurality of said vesicles; wherein the apparent color of said area alters if the osmolarity of said liquid is within a pre-determined range.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un procédé de détermination du coefficient de transport électro-osmotique (K) d'une membrane (1) échangeuse de protons qui est plus fiable et plus précis que les procédés de l'art antérieur, et plus facile à mettre en œuvre et dans des conditions plus représentatives. Pour cela, le procédé consiste à créer un flux d'hydrogène hydraté de part et d'autre de la membrane (1) qui est contrôlé en permanence de façon à ce que l'humidité relative soit presque identique de part et d'autre de la membrane en tout point, ce qui permet de limiter au minimum le phénomène de rétrodiffusion dans la membrane. En outre, le procédé selon l'invention comprend de préférence une étape d'estimation du flux de rétrodiffusion dans la membrane à partir de la cinétique de retour à l'équilibre de l'humidité relative à partir du moment où l'on coupe le courant.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for measuring augmented osmotic pressure in a reference cavity is provided, in which the device comprise a substrate frame (4) attached to a support structure (1) in which a plurality of transducer devices (2) are buried. An array of osmotic membranes (3) is integrated by the support structure and which acts to facilitate a trans-membrane pressure gradient as a function of the osmotic pressure change in a sealed cavity (7). The sealed cavity is formed by rigid substrate materials (5,6) in which the membranes, support structure and transducer devices only will be subject to induced stress in response to augmented osmotic pressure and thereby generate a pressure induced signal change observed from the transducer devices. The transducer devices may be arranged as piezoresistive elements,, as micromechanical switches, as variable capacitive elements or as an optical light source and detector. The device can be used to monitor changes in osmotic pressure in response to a concentration change of a specified dissolved solute particle.
Abstract:
The osmotic pressure measurement device comprises a hollow shell in which a chamber (10) is machined, which contains a solution which osmotic pressure has to be measured. The device also houses a solvent chamber (12). A semipermeable membrane (20) separates the chambers (10, 12). The device presents elements useful to increase the pressure in the solution chamber (10) and devices useful to measure the pressure in the solution chamber (10). The measurement process is divided in two parts: a) set the solution chamber (10) pressure at a specific value; b) let the pressure value in the chamber (10) to evolve naturally toward the actual osmotic pressure equilibrium value, nullifying at the same time the solvent flow between the chambers (10, 12).
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Membran-Osmometer, das für die quantitative Bestimmung von Analyten, die niedermolekulare Affinitätsliganden eines hochmolekularen Affinitätsrezeptors darstellen, geeignet ist, und ein Verfahren zur quantitativen Bestimmung derartiger Analyte. Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren stellt eine vorteilhafte Form des kompetitiven Affinitätsassays dar. Es zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die semipermeable Membran des erfindungsgemässen Membranosmometers als Signalgenerator und als Interface zur Milieuphase genutzt wird. In dem erfindungsgemässen sensorischen Membran-Osmometer befindet sich die semipermeable Membran (5) zwischen einer sensorischen Flüssigphase (4) und einer Milieuphase (6). Erfindungsgemäss befinden sich ein nichtpermeabler Affinitätsrezeptor (1) und ein nicht permeabler Konkurrenzligand (3) in der sensorischen Flüssigphase (4), und die Membran (5) ist für den Analyten (2) permeabel. Erfindungsgemäss wird der osmotische Partialdruck der nichtpermeablen Affinitätsbindungspartner (1) und (3) oder der hydraulische Effekt der Affinitätsbindungen zwischen den nichtpermeablen Affinitätsbindungspartnern (1) und (3) in einer Netzwerkflüssigkeit als Mass der Analytkonzentration erfasst. Hierzu dient eine Messvorrichtung (7) für die Messung der Druckdifferenz über die semipermeable Membran (5) oder des Volumenflusses durch die semipermeable Membran (5).
Abstract:
The present invention consists of an RF source generating RF waves at two frequencies or more. These are transmitted by an antenna, to a reception antenna, via a vessel containing an aqueous solution. Said reception antenna is linked to a device measuring the intensity of the received RF power at the various RF frequencies used. The RF intensities thus measured are compared, yielding the frequency dependence of the RF attenuation by the passage of the waves in the vessel. This frequency dependence is then compared to the RF attenuation frequency dependence, obtained by the same system, on a set of reference solutions having known osmolalities, thus deriving the osmolality of the solution contained in said vessel.
Abstract:
In a first aspect the present invention relates to a system for continuous measurement of osmolarity in situ. Said system comprises phase-separated membrane enclosed compartment as the sensor in osmolarity; detection means; a processing unit, and, optionally, an output unit of absolute or relative osmolarity and/or osmolarity changes. Further, the use of the phase-separated membrane enclosed compartment, whereby the membrane is permeable to a solvent and non-permeable to the osmotically active substance for non-invasive osmolarity measurement in a liquid system is described. In addition, a method for determining osmolarity and/or osmolarity change in a system is provided including the phase-separated membrane enclosed compartment, whereby the membrane is a permeable to a solvent and non-permeable to the osmotically active substance. Finally, a set of phase-separated membrane enclosed compartment, whereby the membrane is permeable to a solvent and non-permeable to the osmotically active substance, having predetermined different inner osmolarities useful for calibrations of osmolarity of an osmolarity measuring system is disclosed.