A method for controlling network carbon and banded structures is disclosed. The method includes detecting whether the density of the center zone of a casting billet reaches a first set range or not, with the first set range being determined according to steel variety and casting billet uniformity; if the density reaches the first set range, putting the casting billet into a heating furnace, heating the casting billet, and setting heating time of the heating furnace according to the detected density of the center zone of the casting billet; if the density does not reach the first set range, determining whether a reduction roller exists in a position behind a position where the center solid fraction of the casting billet is 0.6; if the reduction roller exists, increasing the reduction of thereduction roller; and if no reduction roller exists, additionally arranging a reduction roller in a position behind a position where the center solid fraction of the casting billet is 0.6. The methodensures structure uniformity of a final material, ensures product performance, and can significantly reduce the production cost of current processes.