A sample observation device includes an imaging unit that images observation light generated due to irradiation with the planar light that is transmitted through a membrane filter and outputs fluorescent light image data, a partial image generation unit that specifies a first area corresponding to a first sample holding space and a second area corresponding to a second sample holding space in the fluorescent light image data, and generates first partial image data corresponding to the first area and second partial image data corresponding to the second area, an observation image generation unit that generates first observation image data and second observation image data on the basis of the partial image data, and an analysis unit that analyzes a sample on the basis of the first observation image data and the second observation image data.