Abstract:
A spectrophotometric instrument including a source of measurement light wavelengths, a probe, a plurality of send fibers coupled to the measurement light signal source and a plurality of receive fibers for receiving light including the measurement light signals. The instrument also has reference signal optics coupled to the measurement light signal, a detector for generating electrical signals representative of the measurement signals and the reference signals optical paths for coupling the measurement signal from the receive fibers and the reference signal portion from the reference signal optics to the detector, and an optical path control for selectively allowing either the measurement signal portion or the reference signal portion to the detector. This enables the detector to output a reference value when the reference signal is coupled to the detector and a measurement value when the measurement signal is coupled to the detector.
Abstract:
Spectroscopy apparatus for spectrochemical analysis of a sample having an excitation source (60) for providing spectral light (62) of the sample for analysis. The spectral light (62) is analysed via an optical system (64-66-68) that includes a polychromator (70, 74-80) and solid state multielement array detector (82). The elements (i.e. pixels) of the detector (82) are serially read by means (84) to provide light intensity measurements as a function of wavelength. A problem is that the elements (pixels) of the detector (82) continue to accumulate charge during the serial read-out. This is avoided by providing an optical shutter (72) for blocking the spectral light (62) whilst elements (pixels) of the detector (82) are being serially read. Shutter (72) has a piezoelectric actuator which is preferably a bimorph mounted as a cantilever. It is preferably located adjacent to the entrance aperture (70) of the polychromator. Bimorph structures for the actuator and drive and protective circuit arrangements are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A spectrometer includes a pair of crossed reflective gratings to effect a spectrally dispersed beam that is focussed to an array detector. The second grating is a plural grating with a surface formed of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has a groove density for effecting ultraviolet in the dispersed beam. The second portion has a groove density for effecting visible radiation in the dispersed beam. A shutter blocks or exposes the second portion of the grating surface so as to select the first spectral range or the second spectral range for detection. The plural grating surface preferably may be contoured to compensate for aberrations in focussing of the beam to the detector. A computer may be used for selecting spectral lines for analysis, particularly selecting such lines in the second range that are not interfered with by the first range.
Abstract:
Un monochromateur à accès sélectif est décrit. Ce dispositif ne contient pas d'éléments mécaniques et élimine la nécessité de balayer séquentiellement les longueurs d'ondes de la lumière contenue dans un spectre lumineux pour sélectionner une ou des longueur(s) d'ondes voulues dans le spectre. Le dispositif comprend des moyens de commutation de grande vitesse (16), permet de sélectionner simultanément des longueurs d'ondes et des largeurs de bande multiples, et possède la capacité de corriger la non-linéarité dans des prismes, causée par la dispersion non-linéaire ou de second ordre de la lumière.
Abstract:
A hand-held battery powered instrument for the determination and recording of the intensity of radiation emitted or reflected by a target in the field in spectral bands from 400 nm to 12 micrometres. Two fields of view, typically 20° and 1°, are provided. The pointing accuracy is 0.1° or better. Multiple detectors are controlled by a single shutter. Gain and zero controls are preset, the whole spectral band is sampled in 4 seconds, and the results stored. They are later called up and shown on a liquid crystal display digitised to 9999.