摘要:
A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) including a flat-tubular anode and a cathode. In an embodiment, the flat-tubular anode and the cathode can be substantially thick. In an embodiment, the cathode can have a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) that is substantially the same as a CTE of the flattubular anode. In an embodiment, the cathode can have channels formed within the cathode for the intake of air/oxygen from an outside source.
摘要:
Fuel cell devices and systems (10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 910, 920, 960) are provided. In certain embodiments, they include a ceramic support structure (29) having a length, a width, and a thickness. A reaction zone (32) positioned along a portion of the length is configured to be heated to an operating reaction temperature, and has at least one active layer therein comprising an electrolyte (28) separating first and second opposing electrodes (24, 26), and active first and second gas passages (815, 821) adjacent the respective first and second electrodes (24, 26). At least one cold zone (30) positioned from the first end (11a) along another portion of the length is configured to remain below the operating reaction temperature. An artery flow passage (814) extends from the first end (11a) along the length through the cold zone (30) and into the reaction zone (32) and is fluidicly coupled to the active first gas passage (815), which extends from the artery flow passage (814) toward at least one side. The thickness of the artery flow passage (814) is greater than the thickness of the active first gas passage (815). In other embodiments, fuel cell devices (10, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 910, 920, 960) include an electrolyte (28) having at least a portion thereof comprising a ceramic material sintered from a nano-sized powder. In yet other embodiments, cold zones (30) are provided at each end (11a, 11b) with the reaction zone (32) therebetween having at least two discrete power sections, each having one or more active layers, the power sections fed by discrete fuel passages (962a,b) to provide a device (960) and system capable of operating at more than one power level.
摘要:
[Object] To provide a solid oxide fuel cell that can decrease the separation of an intermediate layer, a fuel cell module, and a fuel cell device. [Solution] A solid oxide fuel cell includes a solid electrolyte layer 4, a fuel electrode layer 3 that is disposed on one surface of the solid electrolyte layer 4, an oxygen electrode layer 6 that is disposed on the other surface of the solid electrolyte layer 4, and an intermediate layer 5 that is disposed between the solid electrolyte layer 4 and the oxygen electrode layer 6 and that includes ceria-based particles 5a containing rare earth elements other than cerium and ceramic particles 5b consisting of oxide of a metallic element different from that of the ceria-based particles 5a. The ceramic particles 5b having a smaller average particle diameter than that of the ceria-based particles 5a exist in grain boundaries of the ceria-based particles 5a of the intermediate layer 5.
摘要:
There is provided a solid oxide fuel cell stack including a ceramic interconnector that has an excellent electrical conductivity and a gas sealing property. The solid oxide fuel cell stack includes a support, a plurality of power generation elements, each of which including at least a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte, and an air electrode stacked in that order on the surface of the support, and an interconnector that electrically connects an air electrode in one of the two adjacent power generation elements in the plurality of power generation elements to a fuel electrode in the other power generation element, the plurality of power generation elements being connected in series to each other, wherein a solid electrolyte for one of the power generation elements is provided on the downside of the interconnector provided on the downside of the air electrode in the one power generation element so that the solid electrolyte is joined to the interconnector, and a solid electrolyte for the other power generation element is provided on the upper side of the interconnector provided on the upper side of the fuel electrode for the other power generation element so that the solid electrolyte is joined to the interconnector.
摘要:
An electrochemical energy conversion device 10 comprising a stack of solid oxide electrochemical cells 12 alternating with gas separators 14, 16, wherein scavenger material selected from one or both of free alkali metal oxygen-containing compounds and free alkaline earth metal oxygen-containing compounds is provided in or on one or more of the positive electrode-side of the cell 12, the adjacent gas separator 14 and any other structure of the device 10 forming a gas chamber 64 between the cell and the gas separator. The invention also extends to the treated cell 12.
摘要:
A solid oxide fuel cell with a dense barrier layer formed at or near the outer surface of the top and/or bottom electrode layers in a fuel cell stack. The dense barrier layer (DBL) acts as a seal to prevent gas in the electrode layer (either air in a cathode layer or fuel gas in an anode layer) from leaking out of the stack though the outer surface of the outermost electrode layers. The use of a DBL with porous outer electrode layers reduces the amount of gas escaping the stack and minimizes the chances for leak-induced problems ranging from decreases in performance to catastrophic stack failure.