摘要:
Generating a composite image of a non-flat surface includes: acquiring, using a microscope, multiple images of different areas of the non-flat surface, where each image includes a region of overlap with at least one adjacent image, the microscope having sufficient resolution to image in three dimensions a microstructure on the non-flat surface having a lateral dimension of 10 microns or less and a height of 10 nm or less; determining, for each of the images, a set of rigid body parameters relating a position and orientation of the test object in the image to a common coordinate system, where the set of rigid body parameters is determined by fitting the resolved microstructure in the overlap region in the image with the corresponding microstructure in the overlap region of the adjacent image; and combining the images based on the sets of rigid body parameters to generate a composite image.
摘要:
Generating a composite image of a non-flat surface includes: acquiring, using a microscope, multiple images of different areas of the non-flat surface, where each image includes a region of overlap with at least one adjacent image, the microscope having sufficient resolution to image in three dimensions a microstructure on the non-flat surface having a lateral dimension of 10 microns or less and a height of 10 nm or less; determining, for each of the images, a set of rigid body parameters relating a position and orientation of the test object in the image to a common coordinate system, where the set of rigid body parameters is determined by fitting the resolved microstructure in the overlap region in the image with the corresponding microstructure in the overlap region of the adjacent image; and combining the images based on the sets of rigid body parameters to generate a composite image.
摘要:
For enabling a measurement of configuration of a wearing portion of a trolley wire from a traveling car, easily. Slit laser beams L1 and L2 are irradiated on the trolley wire 1, approximately vertical to a progressing direction of the car 9, from means provided on a roof there. Irradiation of the laser beams produces a light cut-off image in a lower side of the trolley wire 1, including a side surface thereof. Upon receipt of the light of this light cut-off image, obliquely from the lower thereof, by means of a camera or the like, there are obtained images, for presenting the configuration of the trolley wire 1 on a lower side thereof, including a side surface thereof, i.e., a profile "d0" of the light cut-off image of the trolley wire 1. With provision of two (2) sets of those, each including such light projecting portion and light receiving portion therein, at positions separating from each other, along left and right direction of deviation of the trolley wire 1, the configuration of the portions, upon which the laser light beams L1 and L2 hit, can be measured, and then by treating an image processing thereupon, there can be produced data for presenting cross-section configurations of the trolley wire 1, on a sliding surface and the left-hand and the right-hand side surfaces thereof. Upon basis of the data produced, for presenting cross-section configurations of the trolley wire 1 on a sliding surface and the left-hand and the right-hand side surfaces thereof, a residual amount and an amount of wear are measured on the side surface of the trolley wire 1.
摘要:
Zum optischen Inspizieren einer zumindest teilweise reflektierenden Oberfläche (52) an einem Gegenstand (50) wird ein Muster (28) mit einer Vielzahl von helleren und dunkleren Bereichen (30, 32) bereitgestellt. Die helleren und dunkleren Bereiche bilden mindestens einen ersten räumlichen Intensitätsverlauf (34, 36) mit einer ersten räumlichen Periode. Der Gegenstand mit der Oberfläche wird relativ zu dem Muster um eine definierte Schiebedistanz verschoben, wobei der erste Intensitätsverlauf auf die Oberfläche fällt. Dabei nimmt die Oberfläche entlang der Schiebedistanz eine Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Positionen relativ zu dem ersten Intensitätsverlauf ein. Es wird eine Vielzahl von Bildern über zumindest einen Bildsensor (40) aufgenommen, der eine Lichtstärke erfasst wobei die Bilder die Oberfläche mit dem ersten Intensitätsverlauf an den unterschiedlichen Positionen zeigen. In Abhängigkeit von den Bildern werden Eigenschaften der Oberfläche bestimmt. Gemäß einem Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Lichtstärke des ersten Intensitätsverlaufs (34, 36) beim Aufnehmen von mindestens einem der Bilder mit einer definierten Charakteristik (82) variiert. (Fig. 1)
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for generating and evaluating an image of at least one section of an object using an optical sensor such as a camera. In order to generate a bright image, which does not have blurring or does not have blurring to an extent where measurement falsifications occur, in particular even if there is relative movement between the camera and the object or the section to be recorded, it is proposed that individual images are recorded of the at least one section, of which individual images at least some individual images overlap at least in part in each case, and that in order to generate the image the individual images or signals thereof are aligned with respect to one another and superposed to form an overall image as the image of the at least one section, wherein the evaluation of the overall image is substantially restricted to the overlapping regions of the individual images and/or the evaluation of the overall image or of a part thereof is brought about on the basis of the overlapping regions of the individual images having the latter.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for acquiring three-dimensional images of objects using two cameras (1a, 1b) having acquisition areas that overlap each other. In the course of a calibration method, a group of epipolar lines (9a, 9b) associated with each other is determined for each of the cameras (1a, 1b). A specified random image (40) is projected onto the object (30) to be imaged. For each pixel of the camera, a first environment (13a) is determined, the associated first epipolar line (9a) is determined, and for said first epipolar line (9a) the associated second epipolar line (9b) of the second camera (1b) is determined. For all pixels (8b) of the image of the second camera (1b) that are located on the second epipolar line (9b), a second environment (13b) congruent to the first environment is determined. The intensity values of the first and the second environment (13a, 13b) are compared with each other and a measure of agreement is calculated. The image position (14) on the second epipolar line (9b) for which the measure of agreement is greatest is determined. A spatial position (17) is determined by means of the previously determined transformation. The three-dimensional image comprises the spatial positions (17) thus determined.
摘要:
A sensor system for analyzing a feature in a sensing volume. The sensor system includes a laser source and a sensor. The first laser source projects a laser line into the sensing volume and onto the feature forming a laser stripe on the feature. The sensor images the laser stripe where the laser line intersects with the feature. The relationship between the sensor and the first laser source is precalibrated. The sensor uses the laser stripe to determine the position and/or orientation of the feature.
摘要:
Bei einem Verfahren zur 3D-Digitalisierung eines Objekts (1) werden zur Ermittlung der 3D-Koordinaten des Objekts mehrere Kamerabilder des Objekts aufgenommen und zusammengesetzt. Um ein derartiges Verfahren zu verbessern werden von dem Objekt (1) Aufnahmen gemacht, aus denen 2D-Feature-Punkte (11, 12, 13; 21, 22, 23) des Objekts (1) bestimmt werden. Die 3D-Koordinaten der 2D-Feature-Punkte werden bestimmt. Die 2D-Punktkorrespondenzen (31, 32, 33) zwischen den 2D-Feature-Punkten einer Aufnahme und den 2D-Feature-Punkten einer anderen Aufnahme werden bestimmt. Mehrere dieser 2D-Punktkorrespondenzen werden ausgewählt, und eine zugehörige 3D-Transformation wird bestimmt. Die Qualität dieser 3D-Transformation wird anhand der transformierten 3D-Koordinaten der 2D-Feature-Punkte bestimmt. Daraus werden gültige 3D-Feature-Punkte ermittelt. Für die Zusammensetzung der Kamerabilder des Objekts (1) werden die 3D-Koordinaten der gültigen 3D-Feature-Punkte verwendet (Fig. 1).
摘要:
Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for object recognition performed by electronic devices. One method includes an operation for capturing three-dimensional (3D) images of a region over a surface using 3D cameras, the surface having a pattern and each 3D camera defining a respective camera coordinate system. For each camera, the 3D image is analyzed to identify a location of the pattern indicating an origin of a common coordinate system, and a coordinate transformation function is defined to convert data to the common coordinate system. Each 3D camera captures a 3D object image of an object on the surface that includes 3D object data. Further, the 3D object data is transformed to the common coordinate system to obtain transformed 3D object data. The 3D object data is combined to obtain a composite 3D object data, and object recognition of the object is performed based on the composite 3D object data.