Synthetic natural gas production using a carbon resistant, promoted supported catalyst
    407.
    发明公开
    Synthetic natural gas production using a carbon resistant, promoted supported catalyst 审中-公开
    Herstellung von synthetischem Erdgas mit einemkohlenstoffbeständigen,promoteierten undgeträgertenKatalysator

    公开(公告)号:EP2977103A1

    公开(公告)日:2016-01-27

    申请号:EP14178004.9

    申请日:2014-07-22

    Abstract: It is therefore the objective of the present invention to provide a method for the production of SNG taking advantage from a catalyst which has a high selectivity for the catalytic reactions and achieves long lifetime of the catalyst due to minor clogging and strong carbon resistance to prevent its deactivation.
    These objectives are achieved according to the present invention by a method to convert a CO and/or CO 2 comprising a gas mixture stemming from an industrial processes, such as gasification of carbonaceous feedstocks (i.e. biomass), pyrolysis, ore conversion, combustion, calcination or fermentation, wherein the gas mixture further comprises saturated hydrocarbons in concentrations above 15% and/or unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as olefins, tars and/or aromatic compounds, into a methane rich gas by bringing the gas mixture into a contact with a supported metal catalyst comprising:
    a) as an active phase nickel and optionally cobalt, ruthenium, iridium, molybdenum, iron or any possible combination thereof,
    b) as a promoter boron and optionally sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, rubidium, barium, gallium, phosphorus or any possible combinations thereof, and
    c) as a support alumina and optionally silica, titania, lanthana, zirconia, ceria, magnesia or any possible combination thereof.
    The presented invention improves the carbon resistance of nickel catalysts for low temperature (250-400°C) applications such as the methanation. Polymeric carbon is formed by reaction of carbon atoms on the catalyst surface under locally hydrogen-deficient situations. These carbon atoms stem from dissociation of carbon oxides and hydrocarbons whereby unsaturated hydrocarbons (ethylene, acetylene) and CO lead to higher carbon deposition rates. Using presently the promoter boron in the nickel catalyst avoids the formation of intermediates for polymeric carbon. As a second benefit, the formation of nickel carbides and carbon whiskers is decreased, too.

    Abstract translation: 因此,本发明的目的是提供一种利用对催化反应具有高选择性的催化剂生产SNG的方法,并由于较小的堵塞和强的耐碳性而使催化剂寿命长,以防止其 失活。 根据本发明,通过转化CO和/或CO 2的方法来实现这些目的,所述CO和/或CO 2包括来自工业过程的气体混合物,例如碳质原料(即生物质)的气化,热解,矿石转化,燃烧,煅烧 或发酵,其中气体混合物还包含浓度高于15%的饱和烃和/或不饱和烃如烯烃,焦碳和/或芳族化合物,通过使气体混合物与负载金属接触而进入富含甲烷的气体 催化剂包括:a)作为活性相镍和任选的钴,钌,铱,钼,铁或其任何可能的组合,b)作为助催化剂硼和任选的钠,钾,钙,镁,硼,铷,钡,镓 ,磷或其任何可能的组合,和c)作为载体氧化铝和任选的二氧化硅,二氧化钛,氧化镧,氧化锆,二氧化铈,氧化镁或任何可能的组合 复查。 本发明改进了镍催化剂对于低温(250-400℃)应用如碳化反应的耐碳性。 在局部氢缺陷的情况下,通过碳原子在催化剂表面上的反应形成聚合碳。 这些碳原子源于碳氧化物和烃的解离,因此不饱和烃(乙烯,乙炔)和CO导致更高的碳沉积速率。 目前使用镍催化剂中的促进剂硼避免形成聚合碳的中间体。 作为第二个好处,镍碳化物和碳晶须的形成也减少了。

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