Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of direct synthesis of light hydrocarbons from natural gas and carbon dioxide capable of improving production yield of light hydrocarbons and carbon utilization efficiency through a series of process of preparing synthesis gas with a predetermined molar ratio of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by a combined steam reforming of natural gas and carbon dioxide reforming of methane, performing Fischer-Tropsch reaction of the prepared synthesis gas in the presence of a specific catalyst, and recycling the byproducts of methane and carbon dioxide as the source material of the combined reforming.
Abstract:
Exhaust gas is conducted via a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalytic converter (3) for the reduction of nitrogen oxides to form nitrogen, via an oxidation catalytic converter (4) for the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons to form carbon dioxide, and through a diesel particle filter (5) for the removal of particles. Urea solution, or a solution of some other water-soluble compound which releases ammonia, is used as a reducing agent. The reducing agent is dosed into the exhaust section upstream of the charging turbine (1). Exhaust gas generated by a diesel engine with a charging turbine and which, in addition to carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and particles, contain nitrogen oxides with a nitrogen-dioxide/nitrogen oxide ratio of 0.3-0.7, is conducted via a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalytic converter for the reduction of nitrogen oxides to form nitrogen, via an oxidation catalytic converter for the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons to form carbon dioxide, and through a diesel particle filter for the removal of particles. Urea solution, or a solution of some other water-soluble compound which releases ammonia, is used as a reducing agent for the SCR reaction. The reducing agent is dosed into the exhaust section upstream of the charging turbine. An independent claim is included for exhaust-gas purification device.
Abstract:
To provide a catalyst for purifying a combustion exhaust gas and a method for purifying a combustion exhaust gas, in which in the removal of a nitrogen oxide from an exhaust gas in a relatively low temperature range discharged, for example, from an internal combustion engine, such as a marine diesel engine, the selectivity of an alcohol reducing agent to the denitration reaction is increased as compared to the ordinary technique, and thereby the denitration capability is enhanced with an amount of the reducing agent that is equivalent to the ordinary technique, thereby enabling the exhaust gas processing performed with a high efficiency. The denitration catalyst used in a method for purifying a combustion exhaust gas of removing a nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas by making the catalyst into contact with the combustion exhaust gas having an alcohol as a reducing agent added thereto, contains zeolite as a support having supported thereon a catalyst metal, in a powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement of the denitration catalyst a ratio (relative peak intensity ratio) r = I/J of a height I of a diffraction peak at a diffraction angle (2θ) of from 7.8 to 10.0º and a height J of a diffraction peak at a diffraction angle (2θ) of from 28.0 to 31.0º being in a range of from 3.0 to 5.0.
Abstract:
Provided is a catalyst composition for treating exhaust gas comprising a blend of a first component and second component, wherein the first component is an aluminosilicate or ferrosilicate molecular sieve component wherein the molecular sieve is in H+ form, and the second component is a vanadium oxide supported on a metal oxide support selected from alumina, titania, zirconia, ceria, silica, and combinations thereof. Also provided are methods, systems, and catalytic articles incorporating or utilizing such catalyst blends.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst coating for use in a hydrolysis catalyst (H- catalyst) for the reduction of nitrogen oxides. The invention relates also to a manufacturing method for such a coating, as well as to a catalyst structure and its use. The H-catalyst comprises alkaline compounds, which are capable of adsorbing HNCO and/or nitrogen oxides and which include alkali and alkaline earth metals, lanthanum and/or yttrium and/or hafnium and/or prasedium and/or gallium, and/or zirconium for promoting reduction, such as for promoting the hydrolysis of urea and the formation of ammonia and/or the selective re- duction of nitrogen oxides.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing nitric acid by catalytically oxidising NH 3 with oxygen and then reacting the obtained ΝΟ x with an absorption agent in an absorption tower, said tower comprising a catalyst bed for N 2 O decomposition arranged in the process gas after the catalytic NH 3 oxidation and before the absorption tower in the direction of flow, and a catalyst bed for ΝΟ x reduction and further N 2 O reduction, arranged in the residual gas after the absorption tower in the direction of flow. In the catalyst bed for N 2 O decomposition that is arranged in the process gas, as much N 2 O as possible is broken down such that before the residual gas enters the catalyst bed for ΝΟ x reduction, the N 2 O content is at > 100 ppmv and a molar N 2 O/ΝΟ x ratio of > 0.25 is the result; the catalyst bed for ΝΟ x reduction and further N 2 O reduction, arranged in the residual gas, containing at least one zeolite catalyst loaded with iron; there being such an amount of NH 3 added to the residual gas prior to entry into the catalyst bed that upon exit from the catalyst bed, an ΝΟ x concentration of 2 O concentration of 2 O, formed during the catalytic NH 3 oxidation, is catalytically removed in the process gas, with the ΝΟ x content being reduced and the N 2 O content being further reduced in the residual gas, downstream of the absorption tower, and which is characterised in that at least the following elements are present: A) a reactor for the catalytic oxidation of NH 3 with oxygen to produce a process gas containing ΝΟ x , B) an absorption tower for reacting the obtained ΝΟ x from the process gas with an absorption agent, a residual gas containing ΝΟ x and N 2 O being the result, C) at least one first catalyst bed for N 2 O decomposition through which the process gas flows and which is arranged after the catalytic NH 3 oxidation and before the absorption tower in the direction of flow, D) at least one second catalyst bed for ΝΟ x reduction and further N 2 O reduction, through which the residual gas flows and which is arranged after the absorption tower in the direction of flow, E) at least one device, for feeding a gaseous reduction agent into the residual gas, arranged after the absorption tower and before the second catalyst bed in the direction of flow, F) the first catalyst bed containing a catalyst for decomposing N 2 O, and G) the second catalyst bed containing a catalyst which contains at least one zeolite loaded with iron. The method and installation allow N 2 O and ΝΟ x emissions from nitric acid installations to be reduced in a particularly efficient manner.
Abstract:
The invention is directed to a process for liberating metallic cations from metallo-organic compounds, said process comprising contacting an aqueous solution of the metallo-organic compound with an oxidising agent, thereby oxidising the organic component and obtaining the free cation.
Abstract:
A carbon monoxide selective oxidizing catalyst includes a carrier of ferrierite or ZSM-5 that supports a metal component of platinum (Pt) alone or platinum and at least one type of transition metal. Alternatively, a carbon monoxide selective oxidizing catalyst includes a carrier whose maximum pore diameter ranges from 0.55 to 0.65 nanometers (nm) that supports a metal component of platinum (Pt) alone or platinum and at least one type of transition metal.