Abstract:
The invention relates to methods for producing 1,6-hexanediol and very pure e-caprolactone from a dicarboxylic acid solution (DCL), comprising steps (a) esterification of the DCL with alcohols, (b) partial catalytic hydrogenation of the esters, (c) separation by distillation of 1,6-hexanediol and low-boiling fractions as a top product, and (d) cyclization of the 6-hydroxycaproic acid ester contained in the bottom fraction in the presence of an alcohol boiling at a temperature exceeding the boiling point of caprolactane.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing diols by hydrogenation of a mixture that contains carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydrides and/or carbonic esters/lactones using a cobalt-containing catalyst, alkali ions and/or alkaline earth ions being added to the hydrogenation feed and alkali ions and/or alkaline earth ions of mineral acids being excluded.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing 1,6-hexanediol and caprolactone, preferably of at least 99.5% purity, which are especially substantially free from 1,4 cyclohexanediols, starting from a carboxylic acid mixture which is obtained as a byproduct of the catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol with oxygen or gases containing oxygen and by extraction of the reaction mixture with water, and by hydrogenation of the carboxylic acid mixture, esterification and hydrogenation of a partial flow to hexanediol and cyclization of 6-hydroxycaproic ester, the 1,4-cyclohexanediols being removed during fractionation of the esterification mixture or finally from the caprolactone.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing delta valerolactone (VLO) in the gas phase using catalytic dehydrogenation on at least two different catalysts.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a mixture containing itaconic acid or an itaconic acid derivative and a primary amine of formula (I), wherein the molar ratio of primary amine to itaconic acid or itaconic acid derivative ranges between 0.5:1 to 20:1, characterized in that the mixture contains 50 mole percent or less of 4-carboxypyrrolidones of formula (II), derivatives of the 4-carboxypyrrolidones of formula (II) and 4-carbamidopyrrolidones of formula (III) based on the used itaconic acid or the used itaconic acid derivative, and in which R represents a linear or branched saturated aliphatic group with 1 to 24 C atoms or a saturated cycloaliphatic group with 3 to 24 C atoms. The invention further relates to the use of the mixture according to the invention for producing 1,3-alkyl methyl pyrrolidones and/or 1,4-alkyl methyl pyrrolidones, and to a method for producing 1,3-alkyl methyl pyrrolidones and/or 1,4-alkyl methyl pyrrolidones. The invention further relates to mixtures containing 1,3-alkyl methyl pyrrolidones and/or 1,4-alkyl methyl pyrrolidones and 1,3-alkyl methyl pyrrolidines, the portion of 1,3-alkyl methyl pyrrolidines ranging between 10 to 10.000 ppm, and to mixtures containing 1,3-alkyl methyl pyrrolidone and 1,4-alkyl methyl pyrrolidone, characterized in that the molar ratio of 1,3-alkyl methyl pyrrolidone to 1,4-alkyl methyl pyrrolidone ranges between 1:1 to 10:1.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an improved method for producing 6-hydroxy hexanoic acid esters from the by-product mixtures that are produced during the oxidation of cyclohexane to form cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone, using oxygen or gas mixtures containing oxygen.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing ε-caprolacton at a purity of 99%, wherein 6-hydroxycaproic acid ester having 0.5 to 40 weight % adipic acid diesters is cyclisized in the gas phase at 150 to 450˚C in the presence of oxidic catalysts, and ε-caprolacton is obtained by distillation of the cyclisization product.