Abstract:
Beim Verfahren zur Analyse eines Gasgemisches wird ein erstes Absorptionsspektrum 2 mindestens eines Zielgases in einem Gasgemisch anhand eins Laser-Spektroskopie Verfahrens gemessen ein Vergleich des ersten Absorptionsspektrums 2 mit dem idealen zweiten Absorptionsspektrum 1 des Zielgases einer Wissensbasis ausgeführt ein Rückschluss über den Energiegehalt des Gasgemisches durch die Abweichung im Sinne einer Verbreiterung des ersten Absorptionsspektrums 2 gegenüber dem idealen Absorptionsspektrum 1 durch die Anwesenheit im Gasgemisch von weiteren Gasen erlaubt.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a test element analysis system (1) for analysing a sample (8), especially a human or animal bodily fluid, comprising test elements (3), a measuring area (7) into which the sample to be analysed is introduced for carrying out an analysis, in order to measure characteristic values for the analysis, an evaluating device (2) with a test element holding device (5) for positioning a test element (3) in a measuring position for carrying out the measuring process; and a measuring and evaluating electronics unit (15) for measuring the characteristic change and determining the result of the analysis based on this. According to the invention, the evaluating device (2) has an infrared detector (20) for determining the temperature in the area of the measuring area (7) of the test element (3). This ensures better temperature compensation, which increases measuring accuracy.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for temperature compensation in gas analyzer equipment for transient error caused by temperature change. According to the method, a radiation source (1) is used for transmitting electromagnetic radiation through a gas mixture to be analyzed, the intensity of radiation transmitted through the gas mixture being analyzed is detected by means of a thermal detector (4) comprising a radiation detecting sensor element (16) and a reference sensor element (17) for generating an output signal proportional to the concentration of gas being analyzed, the temperature of said thermal detector (4) is measured either directly or indirectly, the measured detector temperature values are recorded as a function of time, and the output signal of the thermal detector (4) is temperature compensated by a correction term dependent on the temperature rate of change (DT) of the thermal detector. According to the invention, the uncorrected output signal V meas of the thermal detector (4) is temperature compensated by adding a correction term V comp dependent on the temperature rate of change (DT) of the thermal detector to said output signal.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods for use in measuring the moisture content of heavy-grade sheets of paper during their continuous manufacture. In one aspect, means employing infrared absorption techniques for determining the fiber weight per unit area of a sheet having a fiber weight of up to 1100 grams per square meter are provided. In another aspect, means employing infrared absorption techniques including the use of two moisture absorption bands and associated moisture reference bands for calculating the average temperature of the sheet are provided. The latter aspect may be used to produce an indication of moisture weight per unit area, wherein the indication is substantially independent on changes in the average temperature, and enables accurate measurement of the moisture weight per unit area of heavy grades of paper having moisture weights of up to 450 grams per square meter. The former aspect may be employed in measuring the moisture content of heavy grades of paper having moisture weights of up to 90 grams per square meter.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods for use in measuring the moisture content of heavy-grade sheets of paper during their continuous manufacture. In one aspect, means employing infrared absorption techniques for determining the fiber weight per unit area of a sheet having a fiber weight of up to 1100 grams per square meter are provided. In another aspect, means employing infrared absorption techniques including the use of two moisture absorption bands and associated moisture reference bands for calculating the average temperature of the sheet are provided. The latter aspect may be used to produce an indication of moisture weight per unit area, wherein the indication is substantially independent on changes in the average temperature, and enables accurate measurement of the moisture weight per unit area of heavy grades of paper having moisture weights of up to 450 grams per square meter. The former aspect may be employed in measuring the moisture content of heavy grades of paper having moisture weights of up to 90 grams per square meter.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods for use in measuring the moisture content of heavy-grade sheets of paper during their continuous manufacture. In one aspect, means employing infrared absorption techniques for determining the fiber weight per unit area of a sheet having a fiber weight of up to 1100 grams per square meter are provided. In another aspect, means employing infrared absorption techniques including the use of two moisture absorption bands and associated moisture reference bands for calculating the average temperature of the sheet are provided. The latter aspect may be used to produce an indication of moisture weight per unit area, wherein the indication is substantially independent on changes in the average temperature, and enables accurate measurement of the moisture weight per unit area of heavy grades of paper having moisture weights of up to 450 grams per square meter. The former aspect may be employed in measuring the moisture content of heavy grades of paper having moisture weights of up to 90 grams per square meter.