Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing monoethylenically unsaturated closed alkyl polyalkylene glycols, said polyalkylene glycols obtained according to said method and to the use thereof.
Abstract:
The invention relates to mono- and bisalkylene trialkoxysilanes of general formula (I), wherein –Y– stands for –O– or –N(R 9 ) 2-a –; each –Z– is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of –O– and –CHR 4b –; a stands for 1 if –Y– equals –O– and for 1 or 2 if –Y– equals –N(R 9 ) 2-a –; m is a natural number from 1 to 20; n is a natural number from 7 to 200; each R 1 is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, and phenyl; and R 2 , R 3 , R 4a , R 4b , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 each stand independently for H, suitable linear or branched C 1 -C 20 alkyl or possibly C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 1 -C 20 alkanoyl, C 3 -C 20 alkenoyl, ω-carboxy-(C 1 -C 6 alkyl)carbonyl, and ω-carboxy-(C 2 -C 6 alkenyl)carbonyl and/or C 7 -C 20 aryloyl. The invention further relates to methods for producing said mono- and bisalkylene trialkoxysilanes, the to use of said mono- and bisalkylene trialkoxysilanes as dispersants in aqueous suspensions of gravels and of hydraulic binders, and to said aqueous suspensions as such.
Abstract:
Unsaturated compounds of the general formula (I) where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are the same or different and are each independently H, CH 3 , R 4 is linear or branched C 1 -C 30 -alkylene, R 5 , R 6 are the same or different and are each independently, H, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 15 -cycloalkyl, aryl, -CH 2 -O-C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, -CH 2 -O-C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, where R5 and R6 may together also form a C 3 -C 6 -alkylene, R 7 is the same or different and is independently H, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, R 8 is C 1 -C 22 -alkyl, C 2 -C 22 -alkenyl, and n is an integer from 2 to 200. Mixtures and polymers comprising compounds of the general formula (I). A method for preparing polymers wherein a free-radical polymerization of monomers comprising unsaturated compounds of the general formula (I) is carried out. A method for preparing polymers comprising polymer-analogous reactions. The use of polymers containing compounds (I) as cement additives, grinding aids in the production of cement, additive to hydraulic binders, concrete plasticizers, reactive plasticizers for the production of plastics, rubber or latex, associative thickeners and antioxidants, or for the production of polyether siloxanes. Mixtures comprising such polymers.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a diamine industrially producing method from a corresponding alkenile-nitrile which contains at least one C-C double bond consisting (a) in reacting the alkenile-nitrile in a first reactor with a corresponding monoamine by exothermally adding a monoamine to said double bond in such a way that an aminoalkyle nitrile is obtained, wherein the monoamine and water are provided and the alkenile-nitrile is added, (b) in evaporating the unreacted alkenile-nitrile and aminoalkyle for enriching the aminoalkyle nitrile produces in the sump of the first reactor, (c) in transferring the aminoalkyle nitrile bottom product of the step (b) to a second reactor, (d) in batchwisely catalytically hydrogenating the aminoalkyle nitrile transferred at the step (c) in such a way that a diamine is produced in the second reactor, wherein for each batch, an appropriate catalyst and water for hydrogenating nitrils into amines, a desired diamine and a base are provided, the second reactor is supplied with hydrogen and the aminoalkyle nitrile transferred at the step (c) is proportioned therein, and (e) in extracting the diamine and in possibly repeating the steps from (a) to (e). A device for producing the diamine and the use of the devices are also disclosed. The preferred diamine is embodied in the form of a 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of an amine by reacting a primary or secondary alcohol, aldehyde and/or ketone with hydrogen and a nitrogen compound, selected from the group comprising ammonia, and primary and secondary amines, at a temperature of between 60 and 300°C, in the presence of a catalyst containing copper and aluminium oxide, wherein the reaction takes place in the gas phase and the catalytically active mass of the catalyst before the reduction thereof with hydrogen contains between 20 and 75 wt. % of aluminium oxide (AI 2 O 3 ), between 20 and 75 wt. % of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, as CuO, between 0 and 2 wt. % of oxygen-containing compounds of sodium, as Na 2 O, and less than 5 wt. % of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, as NiO. The catalyst moulded body has a tablet shape with a diameter of between 1 and 4 mm and a height of between 1 and 4 mm.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing amines by reacting sugar alcohols with hydrogen and an amination agent, selected from the group containing ammonia, primary and secondary amines, in the presence of a catalyst at a temperature of between 100°C and 400°C and at a pressure of between 1 and 40 MPa (10 to 400 bar). The catalyst preferably contains a metal or several metals or one or more oxygen-containing compounds of metals in groups 8 and/or 9 and/or 10 and/or 11 of the periodic table of elements. Preferably, the sugar alcohol is obtained by the hydrogenation of the corresponding sugars. The invention also relates to the use of the reaction product as an additive in cement or concrete production and in other application areas.
Abstract:
Catalysts which are prepared by reduction of catalyst precursors and comprise a) cobalt and b) one or more elements of the alkali metal group, the alkaline earth metal group, the group of the rare earths or zinc or mixtures thereof, the elements a) and b) being present at least partly in the form of their mixed oxides, and a process for preparing these catalysts and their use for hydrogenating unsaturated organic compounds. Furthermore, a process is described for regenerating these catalysts by treating the catalyst with a liquid.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the hydrogenation of oligonitriles comprising at least two nitrile groups, in the presence of a catalyst, which is pre-treated by being brought into contact with a compound A prior to the hydrogenation process, said compound being selected from the following: alkaline metal carbonates, alkaline-earth metal carbonates, ammonium carbonate, alkaline metal hydrogencarbonates, alkaline-earth metal hydrogencarbonates, ammonium hydrogencarbonate, alkaline-earth metal oxocarbonates, alkaline metal carboxylates, alkaline-earth metal carboxylates, ammonium carboxylates, alkaline metal dihydrogen phosphates, alkaline-earth metal dihydrogen phosphates, alkaline metal hydrogen phosphates, alkaline-earth metal hydrogen phosphates, alkaline metal phosphates, alkaline-earth metal phosphates and ammonium phosphate, alkaline metal acetates, alkaline-earth metal acetates, ammonium acetate, alkaline metal formiates, alkaline-earth metal formiates, ammonium formiate, alkaline metal oxalates, alkaline-earth metal oxalates and ammonium oxalate.