摘要:
Radiation detecting-structures and fabrications methods thereof are presented. The methods include, for instance: providing a substrate, the substrate including at least one trench extending into the substrate from an upper surface thereof; and epitaxially forming a radiation-responsive semiconductor material layer from one or more sidewalls of the at least one trench of the substrate, the radiation-responsive semiconductor material layer responding to incident radiation by generating charge carriers therein. In one embodiment, the sidewalls of the at least one trench of the substrate include a (111) surface of the substrate, which facilitates epitaxially forming the radiation-responsive semiconductor material layer. In another embodiment, the radiation-responsive semiconductor material layer includes hexagonal boron nitride, and the epitaxially forming includes providing the hexagonal boron nitride with an a-axis aligned parallel to the sidewalls of the trench.
摘要:
Systems and methods for lighting an environment are disclosed. A lighting system includes at least one light source and a control system in communication with the at least one light source. The light source is configured to emit light having a plurality of emission characteristics. The control system is configured to randomly vary at least one of the emission characteristics of the light emitted by the light source. A method for lighting an environment includes emitting light from a light source, and randomly varying at least one of the emission characteristics of the emitted light.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a new method for the production of electrochemical cells, in particular individual cells for fuel cells and stacks, in which the individual components of a membrane electrode assembly are compressed and bonded by use of ultrasonic waves and the absence of any further additional heating. The method according to the invention allows faster cycles during the lamination of the membrane electrode assemblies.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for transmitting power and data along a metal pipe using wideband acoustic waves. Arrangements use shear-horizontal waves, transmitting narrowband signals for power applications and wideband signals for communications having a bandwidth greater than the coherence bandwidth of the acoustic-electric channel. Chirp wave signals, direct sequence spread signals, and on-off keying are used. Acoustic-electric channels include wedges fixed to a pipe or other substrate, transducers fixed to the wedges, and electronics linked to each transducer for sending and receiving power and signals. Matching networks, rectification circuits, and non¬ coherent signal reception methods may be used.
摘要:
A method for forming and operating a multi-terminal power system, includes: connecting multiple sending terminals to a network of a power system; and local control of each sending terminal to behave as a constant-power source such that both output voltage and output current of the sending terminal may simultaneously vary in response to changing external circuit conditions while maintaining constant a product of the output voltage and the output current of the sending terminal. At least one sending terminal may include a capacitive output converter having a capacitor connected between two output terminals and a controlled current source connected in parallel to the capacitor, or an inductive output converter having an inductor connected to an output terminal and a controlled voltage source connected in series with the inductor.
摘要:
Methods and systems for synthesizing heparin compounds are provided. The chemoenzymatic synthesis of structurally homogeneous low molecular weight heparins that have a reversible anticoagulant activity is provided. Also disclosed are heparin compounds having anticoagulant activity, including a binding affinity to antithrombin and an anti-Xa activity, but no detectable anti-lla activity. Additionally, provided are synthetic, low-molecular weight heparin compounds with reversible anticoagulant activity, where the anticoagulant activity is reversible by protamine.
摘要:
A multi-terminal DC power system includes: a DC network connecting together multiple terminals. Each terminal is represented by one of: a voltage source converter having a capacitor at an interface to the DC network, wherein a difference between a converter-side current and a network-side current charges the capacitor, and a current source converter having an inductor at an interface to the DC network, wherein a difference between a converter-side voltage and a network-side voltage drives current through the inductor. A local controller for each terminal directly controls the converter-side current of each voltage source controller and the converter-side voltage of each current source converter, independent of the terminals, leaving network-side currents and voltages to be determined by the network, resulting in simplified terminal control and avoidance of the need for high-speed communication among all terminals at all times.