摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing butadiene from n-butane with the steps A) providing a stream of feed gas a containing an n-butane; B) feeding the stream of feed gas a containing the n-butane into at least one first dehydrogenation zone, and non-oxidative, catalytic dehydrogenation of n-butane, wherein a stream of gas b is obtained containing n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butenes, butadiene, hydrogen, optionally water vapour, optionally oxides of carbon and optionally inert gases; G) feeding a stream of material f containing the butane, butenes and butadiene obtained from the stream of gas b and an oxygen-containing gas into at least a second dehydrogenation zone and oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene and 2-butenes, wherein a stream of gas g containing n-butane, unreacted 1-butene and 2-butenes, butadiene, water vapour, optionally oxides of carbon, optionally hydrogen and optionally inert gases is obtained, and H) removal of the residual oxygen contained in the stream of gas g by means of a catalytic combustion stages in which the oxygen is reacted with a part or all of the hydrogen d2 previously separated off and/or additionally fed-in hydrogen is reacted, obtaining an oxygen-depleted stream of material h, characterised in that stage H) is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a monolith that has a catalytically inert material with a low BET surface area and a catalyst layer which has been applied to the monolith and an oxidic carrier material, and at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of noble metals of group VIII of the periodic table of the elements, optionally tin and/or rhenium, and optionally contains further metals, wherein the thickness of the catalyst layer is 5 to 500 μm.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for workup of a stream (1) comprising butene and/or butadiene, butane, hydrogen and/or nitrogen and carbon dioxide, comprising the following steps: (a) absorption of the stream (1) comprising butene and/or butadiene, butane, hydrogen and/or nitrogen, with or without carbon dioxide, with a mixture (5) comprising 80 to 97% by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone and 3 to 20% by weight of water to obtain a stream (9) comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, water, butene and/or butadiene, and butane, with or without carbon dioxide, and a stream (7) comprising hydrogen and/or nitrogen and butane, (b) extractive distillation of the stream (9) comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, water, butene and/or butadiene, and butane, with or without carbon dioxide, with a stream (13) comprising 80 to 97% by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone and 3 to 20% by weight of water to separate the stream (9) comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, water, butene and/or butadiene, and butane, with or without carbon dioxide, into a stream (17) comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, water, butene and/or butadiene, and a stream (15) comprising essentially butane, with or without carbon dioxide, (c) distillation of the stream (17) comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, water, butene and/or butadiene into a stream (23) comprising essentially N-methylpyrrolidone and water, and a stream (21) comprising butene and/or butadiene.
摘要:
The invention relates to a continuous method for separation of a mixture of hydrocarbons by extractive distillation having a mixture of a polar aprotic solvent and water as a selective solvent, in a system comprising an extractive distillation column and an outgas column, characterized in that the method is carried out under continuous measurement of the water content of the selective solvent via NIR spectroscopy, wherein the measured values from the continuous measurement of the water content of the selective solvent are compared to a specified target value and regulated to a value within a specified concentration range above and below the target value by addition or exfiltration of water or by addition of polar aprotic solvent.
摘要:
The catalyst contains, on zeolite A as the carrier, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of platinum, in relation to the catalyst, and where applicable tin, wherein the weight ratio of Sn:Pt is 0 to 10.
摘要:
The invention relates to a reactor (1) in the form of a horizontal cylinder (3) for carrying out autothermal gas phase dehydration of a hydrocarbon-containing gas flow (2) with an oxygen-containing gas flow (3), yielding a reaction gas mixture, at a heterogeneous catalyst designed as a monolith (4), wherein the inner chamber of the reactor (1) is divided by a removable, circular cylindrical or prismatic housing G, which is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the reactor (1) and is gas-tight in the circumferential direction, into an inner area A having one or more catalytically active zones (5), in each of which a package of monoliths (4) stacked on each other, adjacent to each other, and arranged one behind the other is provided, a mixing zone (6) having fixed installed fixtures being provided in front of each active zone (5), and into an outer area B disposed coaxially to the inner area A, and wherein a heat exchanger (12) connected to the housing G is provided at an end of the reactor, characterized in that an inert gas is supplied to the outer area B.