摘要:
The invention relates to a process for manufacturing at least one implant for focal electrical stimulation of a nervous structure, said implant being of the type including in a supporting structure a network of cavities (3) at the bottom of which are placed microelectrodes (4), the cavities (3) being bounded by walls (3a) erected and located around the microelectrodes (4), the supporting structure being produced beforehand by implementing the following steps: deposition and etching, in a planar manner, on an insulating substrate (10, 11), of electrical contacts (7), of electrical tracks (6a, 6b) and of microelectrodes (4), first tracks (6a) electrically connecting the microelectrodes (4) and the electrical contacts (7), second electrical tracks (6b) being electrically connected to a ground.
摘要:
The invention relates to an implant which includes, in order to electrically stimulate a nerve structure, in particular the retina, an electrically insulating substrate (1), a network of recesses (2) formed in an upper surface of the substrate, stimulation electrodes (3) arranged at the bottom of the recesses, and an electrically conductive layer forming a floorplan (4) at the upper portion of the recesses. The sizes of the recesses and of the electrodes of the implant are such that the spatial selectivity of the stimulation current applied to the nerve structure are maximised.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the expression and optimisation of enzymes involved in the breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass. The present invention specifically relates to variants of the exoglucanase 1 of Trichoderma reesei , as well as to the use of said variants with improved efficiency in methods for breaking down cellulose and for producing biofuel.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device for stimulating living tissue, comprising an array (1) of stimulating microelectrodes (11) that are placed in a defined configuration side by side and able to be selected by applying an electrical signal for stimulation by one of the microelectrodes. According to the invention, an additional conducting surface (3) for application against the living tissue, is provided in the vicinity of a defined plurality of sections (210) for local application of microelectrodes (11), connecting means (32) being provided for electrical connection between the zones (31), and the additional conducting surface (3) being also connected to a lead (33) and being formed so as to ensure local stimulation via a microelectrode (11).