摘要:
Systems and methods for synthesizing chemical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, are provided. Certain of the systems and methods described herein are capable of manufacturing multiple chemical products without the need to fluidically connect or disconnect unit operations when switching from one making chemical product to making another chemical product.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides a process and a system for producing dichlorine (C12) reacting a rare -earth metal oxy- chloride with HC1 at a first temperature during a chlorination stage of the process to form rare -earth metal chloride and H2O; removing H2O from the rare -earth metal chloride; and reacting the rare -earth metal chloride with O2 at a second temperature greater than the first temperature during an oxidation stage of the process to form C12 and the rare -earth metal oxy- chloride.
摘要:
The invention relates to a cartridge reactor (10) for a flow-type hydrogenation apparatus. The cartridge reactor (10) has a casing equipped with an inlet (18), an outlet (20) and a closed expanded portion enclosing a reaction volume (16) spreading between the inlet (18) and the outlet (20). The cartridge reactor (10) according to the invention is prepared in a laboratory size and its reaction volume (16) is at most 10 cm3 in size. The reaction volume (16) is filled with an immobilized packing medium (29) that increases flow resistance and facilitates mixing. The inlet (18) and the outlet (20) of the cartridge reactor (10) are formed with a structure enabling a detachable connection to the hydrogenation apparatus.
摘要:
A flow-type laboratory hydrogenation apparatus (100) comprises a reservoir (104), a feed pump (102), a mixing element (108) with two inlets and an outlet, a hydrogenation reactor (110) and a pressure-adjusting unit (112), all connected into a flow path. The apparatus (100) also comprises a hydrogen source (126) and a one-way valve (120) arranged between the hydrogen source (126) and the second inlet of the mixing element (108). The feed pump (102) is realized by a pump providing a constant volume rate. The reservoir (104) contains at least the solvent, as base solution, of the sample to be hydrogenated. The hydrogenation reactor (110) is connected into the flow path by means of detachable connections and is formed as a replaceable cartridge which contains a packing which increases the flow resistance and facilitates mixing of the liquid and gaseous components. The pressure-adjusting unit (112) is connected into the flow path after the hydrogenation reactor (110) and is provided with a regulation controlled electrically.
摘要:
A dissolution testing system comprises a vessel plate on which a plurality of vessels are mounted. Each vessel includes a lateral wall having an outer surface around which a plurality of flexible heater elements are attached. Each heater element includes a transparent surface area, a heat conductive element extending along the transparent surface area, a temperature sensing element extending along the transparent surface area, and an electrical contact element connected to the heat conductive element and the temperature sensing element. The heater element can have more than one heating zone, with at least one of the heating zones being selectively energizable. The transparent heater element allows unobstructed view into the interior of its vessel, and reduces the time required to achieve a stabilized set point temperature in the vessel. A heater control system communicates with each heat conductive element and each temperature sensing element through a corresponding one of the electrical contact elements. The heater control system permits each vessel to be controlled independently of the other vessels.
摘要:
A system is provided wherein a devolatilizing reactor is used to make combinatorial libraries of materials. Examples of suitable reactors include continuous high viscosity devolatilizers and continuous devolatilizing kneaders.
摘要:
A clog resistant leak tight smooth transition fluid path directional turn in a fluid pathway that minimizes back pressure turbulence and fluid friction and is configured to be snakeable with a fish line or other wire product to clear or remove potential blockages due to particulate carried by fluid flowing in the fluid pathway is presented. In one example the transition fluid path is an insert having a predefined size and shape configured to be received in a complementary sized and shaped opening in the layer of a fluidic manifold. A leak tight communication passageway is defined by a groove following a smooth curved path located between a surface of the insert in facing relationship with a matching surface of the opening in the layer between the entry fluid path and the exit fluid path.
摘要:
A thermal phase separation simulator and method for testing chemicals is disclosed. The simulator comprises a circular block heater carousel mounted for rotation on a stage. The carousel includes a circular array of test wells for receiving a plurality of test bottles, a plurality of heating elements and thermocouples disposed between the wells. Each well has an illumination port and a vertical slit to the outside to allow visual observation or imaging of a vertical swatch of the bottle. An illumination source aligns with the illumination port of each well in response to rotation of the carousel. The method includes adding a mixed phase fluid to a plurality of bottles, adding a chemical agent to each bottle, and simulating a thermal phase separation. Images of the fluid in each bottle are captured and analyzed to determine the performance of the one or more chemical agents.