摘要:
A catalysed filter for filtering particulate matter from exhaust gas emitted from a positive ignition internal combustion engine comprises a porous substrate having a total substrate length and having inlet surfaces and outlet surfaces, wherein the inlet surfaces are separated from the outlet surfaces by a porous structure containing pores of a first mean pore size, wherein the porous substrate is coated with a three-way catalyst washcoat composition comprising a combination of precious metals selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum and rhodium; (ii) palladium and rhodium; and (iii) platinum, palladium and rhodium, supported on a high surface area oxide, and an oxygen storage component, wherein the porous structure of the washcoated porous substrate contains pores of a second mean pore size, wherein the second mean pore size is less than the first mean pore size, which three-way catalyst washcoat being axially arranged on the porous substrate as a first zone comprising the inlet surfaces of a first substrate length less than the total substrate length and a second zone comprising the outlet surfaces of a second substrate length less than the total substrate length, wherein the sum of the substrate length in the first zone and the substrate length in the second zone ≥ 110%, wherein the substrate length in the first zone is the same as or different from that of the second zone and wherein: (i) a washcoat loading in the first zone > second zone; or (ii) both a washcoat loading and a total precious metal loading in the first zone > second zone.
摘要:
A catalyzed filter for a positive ignition internal combustion engine comprises a porous filtering substrate having a total substrate length coated with a three-way catalyst washcoat composition comprising at least one precious metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium and one or both of platinum and palladium supported on a high surface area oxide, and an oxygen storage component, which composition being axially shared by a first zone comprising inlet surfaces of a first substrate length second zone; and a total precious metal loading in the first zone>second zone.
摘要:
An exhaust treatment device is disclosed. The exhaust treatment device has a compact configuration that includes integrated reactant dosing, reactant mixing and contaminant removal/treatment. The mixing can be achieved at least in part by a swirl structure and contaminant removal can include NOx reduction.
摘要:
The present invention aims to provide a honeycomb structural body which is high in mechanical strength, has no cracks even when a thermal stress is generated, is less susceptible to generation of cracks or damage and is excellent in durability even in the case where a high pressure is applied from an outer peripheral face thereof, and is excellent in push-out strength. The honeycomb structural body of the present invention is a honeycomb structural body which has irregularities formed on an outer peripheral face thereof and that of a ceramic block, wherein when a least square curve is determined by a least square method on the basis of points constituting the contour of a cross-section perpendicular to the length direction of the honeycomb structural body, a center-of-gravity thereof is defined as c1, a distance between a minimum concentric circumscribed curve, having c1 as the center-of-gravity, of the least square curve and the center-of-gravity c1 is defined as D1, a distance between a maximum concentric inscribed curve, having c1 as the center-of-gravity, of the least square curve and the center-of-gravity c1 is defined as D2, and (D1 - D2) is defined as M1, the following inequality is satisfied: 0.3 mm ‰¤ M1, and when a least square curve is determined by a least square method on the basis of points constituting the contour of a cross-section perpendicular to the length direction of the ceramic block, a center-of-gravity thereof is defined as c2, a distance between a minimum concentric circumscribed curve, having c2 as the center-of-gravity, of the least square curve and the center-of-gravity c2 is defined as D3, a distance between a maximum concentric inscribed curve, having c2 as the center-of-gravity, of the least square curve and the center-of-gravity c2 is defined as D4, and (D3 - D4) is defined as M2, the following inequality is satisfied: 0.5 mm ‰¤ M2 ‰¤ 7.0 mm.
摘要:
An integrated system and method for driving a CO 2 compressor to densify CO 2 captured from the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine on board a mobile source of CO 2 includes operating a turbine that is operatively connected to the power input or drive shaft of the CO 2 compressor, and operatively connecting a motor-generator to the turbine for (a) recovery of any excess power when the turbine-generated power exceeds the CO 2 compressor power demand and (b) providing supplemental power when the turbine-generated power is insufficient to meet the CO 2 compressor power demand.
摘要:
One embodiment of the present invention is a unique method for operating an engine. Another embodiment is a unique engine system. Other embodiments include apparatuses, systems, devices, hardware, methods, and combinations for engines and engine systems. Further embodiments, forms, features, aspects, benefits, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description and figures provided herewith.
摘要:
A catalyzed filter for a positive ignition internal combustion engine comprises a porous filtering substrate having a total substrate length coated with a three-way catalyst washcoat composition comprising at least one precious metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium and one or both of platinum and palladium supported on a high surface area oxide, and an oxygen storage component, which composition being axially shared by a first zone comprising inlet surfaces of a first substrate length second zone; and a total precious metal loading in the first zone>second zone.
摘要:
One embodiment of the present invention is a unique method for operating an engine. Another embodiment is a unique engine system. Other embodiments include apparatuses, systems, devices, hardware, methods, and combinations for engines and engine systems. Further embodiments, forms, features, aspects, benefits, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description and figures provided herewith.
摘要:
A method and system are described for on-board treatment of an exhaust stream containing CO2 emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle in order to reduce the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere which include: a. a treatment zone on board the vehicle containing a capture agent that is a liquid, a slurry or a finely divided flowable solid having a predetermined capacity for extracting CO2 from the exhaust stream, the treatment zone having an inlet for admitting the exhaust gas stream and an outlet for passage of a treated exhaust stream to contact the capture agent having a reduced CO2 content, the treatment zone including a heat exchanger with an inlet for receiving the hot exhaust gas stream from the ICE for passage in heat exchange relation with the capture agent to release CO2 and regenerate the capture agent, and an outlet for the cooled exhaust gas stream, the treatment zone having a CO2 discharge outlet for CO2 released from the regenerated capture agent; b. a compression zone in fluid communication with the CO2 discharge outlet from the treatment zone, the compression zone including one or more compressors for reducing the volume of the CO2; c. a storage zone for receiving the compressed CO2 for temporary storage on board the vehicle; d. an exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the treated exhaust gas stream outlet from the treatment zone; and e. at least one waste heat recovery zone for recovery of heat energy from the exhaust gas stream, the ICE cooling system and/or directly from the ICE for conversion to electrical or mechanical energy.