摘要:
An arrayed waveguide grating optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to the present invention including an input channel waveguide (13), an input slab waveguide (14), an arrayed waveguide (15), a polarization dependence eliminating means (17), an output slab waveguide (18), a temperature compensating means (27), and an output channel waveguide (21) is characterized in that the temperature compensating means compensates for the temperature dependence of the optical path lengths in the channel waveguides of the arrayed waveguide, and the polarization dependence eliminating means eliminates the polarization dependence of the optical path length due to the birefringence of the arrayed waveguide and the polarization dependence of the optical path length of the temperature compensating means.
摘要:
An arrayed waveguide grating optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to the present invention including an input channel waveguide, an input slab waveguide, an arrayed waveguide, a polarization dependence eliminating means, an output slab waveguide, a temperature compensating means, and an output channel waveguide is characterized in that the temperature compensating means compensates for the temperature dependence of the optical path lengths in the channel waveguides of the arrayed waveguide, and the polarization dependence eliminating means eliminates the polarization dependence of the optical path length due to the birefringence of the arrayed waveguide and the polarization dependence of the optical path length of the temperature compensating means.
摘要:
A tunable optical waveguide chip for optical transforms. Roughly described, the chip includes a planar waveguide having a lens region and a plurality of individually addressable energy applicators distributed transversely across an optical path through the lens region. By individually controlling the energy applied to each of the energy applicators, a desired index of refraction profile can be induced in the lens region transversely across the optical path for performing any of a variety of optical transforms. The device may include an upstream AWG which focus a wavelength de-multiplexed signal on a focal plane within the lens region. The applicators may be thermo-optic or electro-optic, for example.
摘要:
An optical multi/demultiplexing circuit that is arranged to multi/demultiplex a plurality of optical signals in a whole passband, the whole passband being configured with a plurality of passbands, the optical multi/demultiplexing circuit comprising: at least two optical multi/demultiplexing devices (111,112), wherein a first one includes at least one input section and at least two output sections and a second one includes at least two input sections and a plurality of output sections, and at least one optical delay line device (107) interposed between said optical multi/demultiplexing devices; characterized in that at least one of said optical multi/demultiplexing devices includes a phase generating device; wherein said phase generating device is arranged to generate an optical frequency-dependent phase defined as a phase difference between two optical signals output from two of said plurality of output sections of the optical multi/demultiplexing device, wherein one or more phase generating device is arranged to generate a resulting optical frequency dependent phase Φ which provides a quadratic or higher order polynomial optical frequency dependency or an optical frequency dependency according to a Gaussian function, and which sets an optical frequency period between said passbands and a center frequency of said whole passband at desired values independently.
摘要:
A waveguide optical interferometer which is low in cost, has high reliability, and is independent of polarization, or has a specific polarization dependence. In an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer such as an AWG, or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, which utilizes interference of a light beam passing through a plurality of optical waveguides of different lengths, all the integrals of the birefringence values of the optical waveguides (which may change or not change along the waveguides) in the longitudinal direction of the waveguides (1703 and 1704) are either made to be equal to each other, or their difference is set to a specific value. Thus, polarization-independent operation or, to the contrary, polarization-selective operation can be realized, only by changing the waveguide widths. For instance, in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the integrals of the birefringence values of two waveguides may differ from each other by half the optical wavelength used, thereby realizing a polarization beam splitter.
摘要:
An optical transmitter comprises a monolithic transmitter photonic integrated circuit (TxPIC) chip that includes an array of modulated sources formed on the PIC chip and having different operating wavelengths approximating a standardized wavelength grid and providing signal outputs of different wavelengths. A wavelength selective combiner is formed on the PIC chip having a wavelength grid passband response approximating the wavelength grid of the standardized wavelength grid. The signal outputs of the modulated sources optically coupled to inputs of the wavelength selective combiner to produce a combined signal output from the combiner. A first wavelength tuning element coupled to each of the modulated sources and a second wavelength tuning element coupled to the wavelength selective combiner. A wavelength monitoring unit is coupled to the wavelength selective combiner to sample the combined signal output. A wavelength control system coupled to the first and second wavelength tuning elements and to said wavelength monitoring unit to receive the sampled combined signal output. The wavelength control system adjusts the respective wavelengths of operation of the modulated sources to approximate or to be chirped to the standardized wavelength grid and for adjusting the optical combiner wavelength grid passband response to approximate the standardized wavelength grid.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical switch, an optical modulator, and a wavelength variable filter each of which has a simple configuration, which requires only a low driving voltage, which is independent of polarization, and which can operate at high speed. An optical switch according to the present invention includes a 3-dB coupler (16) placed on an output, a 3-dB coupler (17) placed on an output, and two optical waveguides connecting the input-side 3-dB coupler and the output-side 3-dB coupler together. The optical switch also includes a phase modulating section (18) that applies electric fields to one or both of the two optical waveguides. At least two optical waveguides are a crystal material including KTa x Nb 1-x O 3 (0 x Li 1-x Ta y Nb 1-y O 3 (0 x Nb 1-x O 3 or K x Li 1-x Ta y Nb 1-y O 3 .
摘要:
An optical waveguide circuit such as an array waveguide diffraction grating in which the influence of polarization-dependent loss can be suppressed without providing a half-wave plate. A lower clad is formed on a silicon wafer (11). A core having the following waveguide constitution is formed thereon. An input-side slab waveguide (13) is connected to the output side of a plurality of incidence waveguides (12), and a plurality of array waveguides (14) having different lengths are connected side by side to the output side. An output-side slab waveguide (15) is connected to the output side thereof, and a plurality of output waveguides (16) is connected to the output side. The core is clad with upper clad. A plurality of multiplex-inputted incident light beams having different wavelengths are separated for every wavelength and outputted. The clad and the core are made of silica glass. The absolute value |B| of double refraction caused in the optical waveguide circuit is |B| . The relationship between the coefficient of thermal expansion alpha g of the upper clad and the coefficient of thermal expansion alpha s of the silicon wafer is expressed by alpha s-2.0 x 10 .