Abstract:
A structured organic film (SOF) is disclosed. The structured organic film also includes a plurality of segments, a plurality of linkers, and optionally a plurality of capping segments, where at least one or more capping segments may include at least one anionic species. Implementations of the structured organic film (SOF) include where all of the plurality of linkers are bonded to the plurality of segments. A concentration of ionic capping segments in the SOF is from about 0.1 to about 5.0 molar equivalents of ionic capping segments as compared to a concentration of nonionic segments in the SOF. At least one of the plurality of capping segments may include a hydroxysulfonic acid, a hydroxysulfinic acid, or a combination thereof. The structured organic film (SOF) has an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of from about 0.25 meq/g to about 5.00 meq/g.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a polymer electrolyte membrane, a method of manufacturing the same, and a membrane-electrode assembly including the same. The polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a porous support having a plurality of pores, a first layer including a first ion conductor that fills the pores adjoining one surface of the porous support, and a second layer including a second ion conductor that fills the pores adjoining the other surface of the porous support, wherein the first ion conductor and the second ion conductor are different from each other, and one selected from the group consisting of the first layer, the second layer, and a combination thereof includes an organic-based antioxidant. The shape stability of the polymer electrolyte membrane is excellent, and the polymer electrolyte membrane has improved tolerance to radicals generated during the operation thereof. Consequently, the polymer electrolyte membrane exhibits high stability against radicals, i.e. high chemical stability. In addition, hydrogen permeability is reduced while the ion conductivity of the polymer electrolyte membrane is excellent.
Abstract:
The present specification provides a polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane electrode assembly including the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly.
Abstract:
A flow battery includes an electrochemical cell that has a first electrode, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, and a separator layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. The separator layer is formed of a polymer that has a polymer backbone with cyclic groups that are free of unsaturated nitrogen and one or more polar groups bonded between the cyclic groups.
Abstract:
The present specification provides a polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane electrode assembly including the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly.