摘要:
Provided is a fuel reforming system that can convert gasoline into alcohol in a vehicle. Provided is a fuel reforming system (1) equipped with a reformer (15) having a reforming catalyst (152) that uses air to reform gasoline to produce alcohol, a mixer (14) which mixes gasoline and air and supplies the mixture to the reformer (15), and a condenser (16) which separates the gas produced in the reformer (15) into a gas phase and a condensed phase of which reformed fuel is the primary constituent; wherein the fuel reforming system (1) is characterized in that the reforming catalyst (152) is configured including a main catalyst for extracting hydrogen atoms from the hydrocarbons in the gasoline to produce alkyl radicals, and a catalytic promoter for reducing alkyl hydroperoxides produced from the alkyl radicals to produce alcohol.
摘要:
A heterogeneous catalyst that is a combination of rhodium, zinc, iron, a fourth metal and at least one metal selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals on a catalyst support (e.g. at least one of silica, alumina, titania, magnesia, zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4), magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4), magnesia-modified alumina, zinc oxide-modified alumina, zirconium oxide-modified alumina, and zinc oxide) and use of the catalyst in converting an alkylene to an oxygenate that has one more carbon atom than the alkylene.
摘要:
Alcohols, ethers and olefins are manufactured from alkanes by mixing an alkane and bromine in a reactor to form alkyl bromide and hydrogen bromide. The alkyl bromide only or the alkyl bromide and the hydrogen bromide are directed into contact with the metal oxide to form an alcohol and/or ether, or an olefin and metal bromide. The metal bromide is oxidised to form original metal oxide and bromine, both of which are recycled.
摘要:
The present invention provides an industrially practical process where a ketone and an aromatic compound are directly reacted to obtain a corresponding alkylated aromatic compound in a single reaction step. The process for producing an alkylated aromatic compound is characterized in that it comprises reacting an aromatic compound, a ketone and hydrogen in the presence of a solid acid substance and a catalyst composition comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Re, Ni and a platinum group metal.
摘要:
A process for producing adamantanol and adamantanone, characterized by reacting adamantane with oxygen in the presence of an oxidation catalyst comprising a combination of a rare earth metal salt and a promoter comprising an element selected from Groups 4 to 10 of the New Periodic Table. Thus, adamantane can be oxidized under mild conditions to thereby safely produce 2−adamantanol and 2−adamantanone selectively and efficiently.
摘要:
Alcohols, ethers, and olefins are manufactured from alkanes by mixing an alkane and bromine in a reactor to form alkyl bromide and hydrogen bromide. The alkyl bromide only or the alkyl bromide and the hydrogen bromide are directed into contact with metal oxide to form an alcohol and/or an ether, or an olefin and metal bromide. The metal bromide is oxidized to form original metal oxide and bromine, both of which are recycled.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of an enantiomerically enriched non-racemic chiral diol and an enantiomerically enriched non-racemic chiral epoxy compound by a hydrolytic kinetic resolution reaction. The process includes the step of contacting oxygen and mixture including a racemic chiral epoxy compound, a non-racemic Co(ll) complex catalyst, an aromatic carboxylic acid and water, at a temperature and length of time sufficient to produce a mixture of said non-racemic chiral diol and said non-racemic chiral epoxy compound. The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of an enantiomerically enriched non-racemic chiral diol and an enantiomerically enriched non-racemic chiral epoxy compound by a hydrolytic kinetic resolution reaction. This process includes the step of: contacting a racemic chiral epoxy compound and water in the presence of a non-racemic complex of Co(lll) having an aryl carboxylate counter-anion, at a temperature and length of time sufficient to produce a mixture of said non-racemic chiral diol and said non-racemic chiral epoxy compound.
摘要:
A process is described for the co-production of maleic anhydride and at least one C4 compound selected from butane-1,4-diol, gamma -butyrolactone, and tetrahydrofuran in which maleic anhydride is produced by partial oxidation of a C4 hydrocarbon feedstock to yield a vaporous reaction effluent stream comprising maleic anhydride, water, unconverted hydrocarbon feedstock, and carbon oxides. A part of the maleic anhydride present in the vaporous reaction effluent stream is condensed to form a crude maleic anhydride stream and leave a residual vaporous stream containing residual amounts of maleic anhydride. Further maleic anhydride is absorbed.from the residual vaporous stream by absorption in an organic solvent, water or an aqueous solution. Maleic anhydride is then recovered from the loaded liquid absorption medium. Said at least one C4 compound is produced by hydrogenation of a C4+ hydrogenation feedstock selected from maleic anhydride, maleic acid, dialkyl maleates, and mixtures of two or more thereof. The process is characterised in that the vaporous reaction effluent stream is cooled prior to step (iii), that a guard bed of a phosphorus-absorbing material is placed in the path of the cooled vaporous reaction effluent stream prior to step (iii) thereby to remove phosphorus-containing materials therefrom, and that material of the crude maleic anhydride stream of step (iii) is used as the C4+ hydrogenation feedstock of step (viii) or is used to prepare the C4+ hydrogenation feedstock of step (viii).