摘要:
This invention provides methods for producing ethylene glycol from polyhydroxy compounds such as cellulose, starch, hemicellulose, glucose, sucrose, fructose, fructan, xylose and soluble xylooligosaccharides. The methods uses polyhydroxy compounds as the reactant, a composite catalyst having active components comprising one or more transition metals of Groups 8, 9, or 10, including iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium, and platinum, as well as tungsten oxide, tungsten sulfide, tungsten hydroxide, tungsten chloride, tungsten bronze oxide, tungsten acid, tungstate, metatungstate acid, metatungstate, paratungstate acid, paratungstate, peroxotungstic acid, pertungstate, heteropoly acid containing tungsten. Reacting at a temperature of 120-300 °C and a hydrogen pressure of 1-13 MPa under hydrothermal conditions to accomplish one-step catalytic conversion. It realizes efficient, highly selective, high yield preparation of ethylene glycol and proplyene glycol from polyhydroxy compounds. The advantage of processes disclosed in this invention include renewable raw material and high atom economy. At the same time, compared with other technologies that converts biomass raw materials into polyols, methods disclosed herein enjoy advantages including simple reaction process, high yield of targeted products, as well as easy preparation and low cost for the catalysts.
摘要:
A method of producing alcohols, hydrocarbons, or both from biomass by converting biomass into a carboxylic acid, reacting the carboxylic acid with an olefin to produce an ester and hydrogenolyzing the ester to produce alcohol. A method of producing hydrocarbons from biomass by converting at least a portion of the biomass into a carboxylic acid, a ketone, or an ammonium carboxylate salt, reacting at least one of a portion of the carboxylic acid, a portion of the ketone, or a portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt in an oligomerization reactor as at least part of a process that produces an oligomerization product and separating hydrocarbons from the oligomerization product.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for producing methanol and its products exclusively from a geothermal source as the sole source material also using the needed energy from the geothermal energy source. The method includes separating or isolating carbon dioxide accompanying hot water or steam of the source, generating hydrogen from the water and preparing subsequently methanol from the carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The methanol can be further reacted to form dimethyl ether or other products.
摘要:
Es wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,2-Diolen aus Carbonylverbindungen beschrieben, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man a) zunächst eine Carbonylverbindung der allgemeinen Formel (I), worin R 1 und R 2 für H, einen ggf. substituierten geradkettigen oder verzweigten C 1 -C 18 -Alkylrest, einen ggf. substituierten Phenyl- oder C 5 -C 6 -Cycloalkylrest stehen, mit Blausäure zum entsprechenden Cyanhydrin umsetzt, dann b) dass aus dem Verfahrensschritt a) erhaltene Cyanhydrin einer sauren Hydrolyse unterwirft und abschließend c) die aus Verfahrensschritt b) erhaltene 2-Hydroxycarbonsäure mit Hilfe eines Edelmetallkatalysators auf Basis von Ruthenium und Rhenium katalytisch hydriert. Auf diese Weise lassen sich 1,2-Diole in guten Ausbeuten und in sehr hoher Reinheit auf technisch einfache Weise (d. h. ohne Spezialapparaturen) herstellen.
摘要翻译:在0-100℃,在溶剂,碱性催化剂或有机胺的存在下使羰基化合物和氢氰酸反应制得1,2-戊二醇,得到氰醇; 使羟腈在30-130℃和升高的压力下进行酸性水解; 并在含有100-300℃和50-300巴的钌和/或铼金属催化剂存在下催化氢化所得的2-羟基羧基20小时。 在0-100℃下,在溶剂,碱性催化剂或有机胺的存在下使式R 1 -C(= O)-R 2和氢氰酸的羰基化合物反应制备1,2-戊二醇,得到 氰醇; 使羟腈在30-130℃和升高的压力下进行酸性水解; 并在铱和/或铼金属催化剂存在下在100-300℃和50-300巴下催化氢化所得的2-羟基羧基20小时。 R 1,R 2H,1-8C烷基,5-6C环烷基(两者任选被OH,NH 2和OR 3>取代)或苯基(任选被OH或NH 2取代); R 3> 1-8烷基。
摘要:
Fluoroalcohol compounds of formula (4) are prepared by reacting a fluorine compound of formula (1) with reducing agents or organometallic reagents of formulas (2) and (3) wherein R 1 is H or a monovalent C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbon group in which any -CH 2 - moiety may be replaced by -O- or -C(=O)-, R 2 is H or a monovalent C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbon group, R 3 and R 4 are H or a monovalent C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbon group, and M 1 is Li, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Al, B, or Si. From the fluoroalcohol compounds, fluorinated monomers can be produced in a simple and economic way, which are useful in producing polymers for the formulation of radiation-sensitive resist compositions.
摘要:
This invention discloses a copper-containing catalyst, a process for the preparation thereof and uses of said catalyst. Said catalyst comprises copper oxide of 30-70wt%, zinc oxide of 30-70wt%, alumina of 0-30wt% and no sodium, and has a specific surface area of 30-50m 2 /g, a pore volume of 0.10-0.25ml/g, and an average pore diameter of 10-25nm and has an uniform crystallite distribution wherein the crystallites having a diameter of less than 1.0nm account for 0-10%, those of 1.0-2.0nm account for 80-95%, and those of more than 2.0nm account for 0-10%. Said process comprises a coprecipitation method using an organic acid and/or an ammonium salt thereof as precipitant to provide a copper-containing catalyst having a relatively large specific surface area and pore volume, and a uniform crystallite distribution. The process according to the present invention has overcome the problems involved in environmental protection and the disadvantages of complexity in the preparation process existing in the prior art, and the costs for materials and production are reduced.
摘要:
A 3-hydroxymethylcycloalkanol of the formula (1) wherein Y 1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group. The 3-hydroxyethylcycloalkanol can be obtained by subjecting a 3-formylcycloalkanone or 3-formylcycloalkenone to reduction. Amended Abstract The present invention relates to a 3-hydroxymethylcycloalkanol of the following formula (1), and a process for production of a 3-hydroxymethylcycloalkanol of the formula (1) by reduction of 3-formylcycloalkanone or 3-formylcycloalkenone. In accordance with the present invention, 3-hydroxymethylcycioalkanol, which is useful as the starting material for the production of polymers, can be produced with high conversion and high selectivity.