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    Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual oils
    1.
    发明授权
    Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual oils 失效
    重油和残油的氢转化方法

    公开(公告)号：US4941966A

    公开(公告)日：1990-07-17

    申请号：US172225

    申请日：1988-03-23

    申请人： Ludwig Merz ,  Klaus Niemann

    发明人： Ludwig Merz ,  Klaus Niemann

    IPC分类号： C10G47/02 ,  C10G1/08 ,  C10G49/12

    CPC分类号： C10G1/083 ,  C10G49/12

    摘要： A process for the hydrogenative conversion of mixtures of oil and organic waste products, comprising the steps of:(i) preparing a hydrogenation mixture comprising(a) a heavy oil, residual oil, or mixtures thereof, or(b) a used oil, a waste oil or mixtures thereof, or mixtures of (a) and (b), and(c) one or more organic waste products containing natural or synthetic organic compounds comprising uncrosslinked or crosslinked carbon chains;(ii) contacting said hydrogenation mixture with 0.1-10 wt. % of an additive selected from the group consisting of high surface area suspended solids containing carbon, red mud, iron oxides, electrostatic filter dusts and cyclone dusts, wherein said additive comprises particles in two different particle size ranges, a fine particle fraction with a particle size 90 microns or less, and a coarse particle fraction with a particle size between 100-1000 microns; and(iii) hydrogenating said contacted mixture at a hydrogen partial pressure of 50-350 bar, a temperature of 250.degree.-500.degree. C. and a gas/oil ratio of 100 to 10,000 m.sup.3 /t of said hydrogenation mixture calculated at (STP), wherein the weight ratio (a)/(b), (a)/(c), or (a) to (b)+(c) is in the range of 100:1 to 1:15.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于油和有机废物的混合物的氢化转化的方法，包括以下步骤：（i）制备氢化混合物，其包含（a）重油，残油或其混合物，或（b） 废油或其混合物，或（a）和（b）的混合物，和（c）含有天然或合成有机化合物的一种或多种有机废物，包括未交联或交联的碳链; （ii）使所述加氢混合物与0.1-10wt。 选自由含有碳，红泥，氧化铁，静电过滤粉尘和旋风粉尘的高表面积悬浮固体组成的组中的添加剂的％，其中所述添加剂包括两种不同粒度范围的颗粒，具有颗粒的细颗粒级分 尺寸为90微米或更小，以及粒度在100-1000微米之间的粗颗粒级分; 和（iii）在50-350巴的氢气分压，250-500℃的温度和100至10,000m 3 / t的所述加氢混合物的气/油比（STP ），其中重量比（a）/（b），（a）/（c）或（a）至（b）+（c）的重量比在100:1至1:15的范围内。

    Process for the production of reformer feed and heating oil or diesel oil from coal by liquid-phase hydrogenation and subsequent gas-phase hydrogenation
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of reformer feed and heating oil or diesel oil from coal by liquid-phase hydrogenation and subsequent gas-phase hydrogenation 失效
    通过液相氢化和随后的气相氢化从煤生产重整器进料和加热油或柴油的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4639310A

    公开(公告)日：1987-01-27

    申请号：US761681

    申请日：1985-08-02

    申请人： Werner Dohler ,  Ludwig Merz ,  Heinz Frohnert ,  Bernd Uckermann ,  Ulrich Graeser ,  Alfons Jankowski ,  Eckard Wolowski ,  Hans-Friedrich Tamm ,  Norbert Wilczok

    发明人： Werner Dohler ,  Ludwig Merz ,  Heinz Frohnert ,  Bernd Uckermann ,  Ulrich Graeser ,  Alfons Jankowski ,  Eckard Wolowski ,  Hans-Friedrich Tamm ,  Norbert Wilczok

    IPC分类号： C10G1/06 ,  C10G1/00 ,  F02B3/06

    CPC分类号： C10G1/002 ,  F02B3/06

    摘要： A process for the production of reformer feed and heating or diesel oil from coal which comprises introducing a pulverized coal-oil slurry together with a hydrogenation gas into a liquid-phase hydrogenation stage; remoping solids-containing residue from the discharge from the liquid phase hydrogenation stage, cooling the resulting residue-free volatile coal-oil fraction from the discharge and, if necessary, removing a slurry oil fraction therefrom before feeding the volatile coal-oil fraction to a gas-phase hydrogenation stage; introducing fresh hydrogen which is substantially free of contaminants into the gas-phase hydrogenation stage together with the volatile coal-oil fraction, the fresh hydrogen introduced into the gas-phase hydrogenation stage constituting the entire amount of hydrogen required for the process; and utilizing the waste-gas from the gas-phase hydrogenation as the hydrogenation gas for the liquid-phase hydrogenation. By contrast with conventional processes, which during gas-phase hydrogenation requires operating partial pressures of 300 bars, the process of this invention makes possible the lowering of the operating pressures required during gas-phase hydrogenation to approx. 50-200 bars and also enables significantly reduced consumption of hydrogen.

    摘要翻译： 一种从煤中生产重整器进料和加热或柴油的方法，包括将粉煤油浆料与氢化气体一起引入液相氢化阶段; 从液相氢化阶段的排放物中重新混合含固体的残留物，从排出物中冷却得到的无残留挥发性煤 - 油馏分，如有必要，将挥发性煤 - 油馏分进料至 气相氢化阶段; 引入基本上不含污染物的新鲜氢气与挥发性煤 - 油馏分一起引入气相氢化阶段，引入气相氢化阶段的新鲜氢气构成该方法所需的全部氢气量; 利用来自气相氢化的废气作为液相氢化氢化气体。 与在气相氢化期间需要操作300巴的分压的常规方法相比，本发明的方法使得将气相氢化期间所需的操作压力降低到约 50-200巴，还可显着降低氢气消耗。

    Process for the hydrogenation of coal
    3.
    发明授权
    Process for the hydrogenation of coal 失效
    煤的氢化工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4944866A

    公开(公告)日：1990-07-31

    申请号：US852391

    申请日：1986-04-15

    申请人： Klaus Fuhrmann ,  Ulrich Graeser ,  Ludwig Merz

    发明人： Klaus Fuhrmann ,  Ulrich Graeser ,  Ludwig Merz

    IPC分类号： C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/06 ,  C10G1/08

    CPC分类号： C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/065 ,  C10G1/083

    摘要： A process for the hydrogenation of coal which entails slurrying pulverized coal with oil, hydrogenating the mixture at an elevated temperature and pressure and separating the liquid and solid reaction products from the gaseous reaction products, wherein the slurry oil contains non-process derived hydrocarbon mixtures having a boiling range above about 200.degree. C., in the amount of about 30-100% by weight with the remainder of the slurry oil being process derived oils having a boiling range above about 200.degree. C.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于氢化煤的方法，其需要使粉煤与油浆化，在升高的温度和压力下对混合物进行氢化，并将液体和固体反应产物与气态反应产物分离，其中浆料油含有非工艺衍生的烃混合物， 沸点范围高于约200℃，其量为约30-100重量％，剩余的浆料油为沸程高于约200℃的加工衍生油。

    Catalyst for the hydrogenation of hydrocarbon material
    5.
    发明授权
    Catalyst for the hydrogenation of hydrocarbon material 失效
    用于氢化烃材料的催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US5166118A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

    申请号：US340535

    申请日：1989-04-19

    申请人： Klaus Kretschmar ,  Ludwig Merz ,  Klaus Niemann ,  Jose Guitian ,  Julio Krasuk ,  Franzo Marruffo ,  Klaus Kurzeja

    发明人： Klaus Kretschmar ,  Ludwig Merz ,  Klaus Niemann ,  Jose Guitian ,  Julio Krasuk ,  Franzo Marruffo ,  Klaus Kurzeja

    IPC分类号： C10C1/20 ,  C10G1/08 ,  C10G47/26 ,  C10M175/00

    CPC分类号： C10G1/086 ,  C10C1/205 ,  C10G47/26 ,  C10M175/0041

    摘要： A catalyst for the hydrogenation of a hydrocarbon material which is a member selected from the group consisting of red mud, iron oxides, iron ores, hard coals, lignites impregnated with heavy metal salts, carbon black, soots from gasifiers, and cokes produced by the hydrogenation of virgin residues, the catalyst being comprised of at least two separate particle size fractions such that the combined fractions have a particle size distribution between 0.1 and 2,000 microns with 10-40 wt. % of the particles having a particle size greater than 100 microns, and the mixture of fractions not being represented by a straight line when the accumulative weight of the particles vs. particle size which is plotted on log (minus log) vs. log graph paper has a correlation coefficient R.sup.2 less than 0.96 as determined from the equation: ##EQU1## wherein n is the number of experimental points, y is ln [-ln (n/1000)] and x is ln (dp), wherein dp is the particle size (.mu.m) of the particles.

    摘要翻译： 用于氢化烃材料的催化剂，其是选自红泥，氧化铁，铁矿石，硬煤，浸渍有重金属盐的褐煤，炭黑，来自气化器的烟灰，以及由 原始残余物的氢化，催化剂由至少两个分开的粒度级分组成，使得组合级分的粒度分布在0.1至2,000微米之间，10-40重量％ 当颗粒的累积重量与绘制在对数（减去对数）上的对比粒径相对于对数图纸时，颗粒的粒度大于100微米的颗粒的比例不是直线表示的。 具有从以下等式确定的相关系数R2小于0.96：其中n是实验点的数量，y是ln [-ln（n / 1000）]，x是ln（dp），其中dp是 颗粒的粒径（μm）。

    Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual oils, used oils and waste oils, mixed with sewage sludge
    6.
    发明授权
    Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual oils, used oils and waste oils, mixed with sewage sludge 失效
    重油和残油的加氢转化方法，使用的油和废油，与污泥混合

    公开(公告)号：US5064523A

    公开(公告)日：1991-11-12

    申请号：US267289

    申请日：1988-11-04

    申请人： Klaus Kretschmar ,  Ludwig Merz ,  Klaus Niemann

    发明人： Klaus Kretschmar ,  Ludwig Merz ,  Klaus Niemann

    IPC分类号： C10G47/00 ,  C10G47/26 ,  C10M175/00

    CPC分类号： C10M175/0041 ,  C10G47/26

    摘要： Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual oils, used oils and waste oils, mixed with sewage sludge in a typical liquid phase hydrogenator with gases containing hydrogen, with the addition of a finely ground substance that preferably has a large internal surface area, as additive. The additive is added in two different particle size ranges so that a portion of the additive is present as a fine particle size fraction iwth a particle size of 90 .mu.m or less and another portion as a coarse particle size fraction with a particle size of 100 .mu.m to 2000 .mu.m, preferably 100 to 1000 .mu.m with the procedure being carried out with a weight ratio of raw oils to sewage sludge used of 10:1 to 1:1.5. Conversion of vacuum residue of a Venezuelan heavy oil with the addition of 2 wt. % of lignite coke as additive and with the admixture of 10 wt. % industrial or municipal sewage sludge in a liquid phase hydrogenator to obtain useful liquid products in particular, and extensive conversion of the organic fractions of the sewage sludge.

    摘要翻译： 在含有氢的气体的典型液相氢化器中与重污油和残油，废油和废油进行氢化转化的方法，其中添加了优选具有大的内表面积的精细研磨的物质， 作为添加剂。 添加剂以两种不同的粒度范围加入，使得一部分添加剂以粒度为90μm以下的细粒度分数存在，另一部分为粒径为100的粗粒径分数 以原料油与污泥的重量比为10：1〜1：1.5进行处理，最好为100〜1000μm。 委内瑞拉重油的真空残渣转化，加入2wt。 ％的褐煤焦炭作为添加剂，混合物为10wt。 ％工业或城市污水处理厂在液相氢化器中特别获得有用的液体产品，并大量转化污泥的有机部分。