公开(公告)号：US20240204227A1

公开(公告)日：2024-06-20

申请号：US17909833

申请日：2021-03-05

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Matthew J. Lindell ,  Michael A. Yandrasits ,  Andrew T. Haug

IPC: H01M8/1039 ,  C08F8/34 ,  C08F8/44 ,  C08F214/26 ,  C08G65/00 ,  C08G65/334 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/1027 ,  H01M8/103 ,  H01M8/1032

CPC classification number: H01M8/1039 ,  C08F8/34 ,  C08F8/44 ,  C08F214/262 ,  C08G65/007 ,  C08G65/3348 ,  H01M8/1027 ,  H01M8/103 ,  H01M8/1032 ,  C08G2650/48 ,  H01M2008/1095

Abstract: A fluoropolymer is described comprising pendent groups having the formula: —(CF2)a—(OCbF2b)c—(OCeF2e)—SO2—[NX2—SO2(CF2)f—SO2]d—NX1—SO2—Rf wherein Rf is a perfluoroether and X1 and X2 are independently cationic counterions. Also described are various articles including catalyst ink, polymer electrolyte membranes, and membrane electrode assemblies comprising the fluoropolymer described herein; as well as a method of making a fluoropolymer.

公开(公告)号：US20210408555A1

公开(公告)日：2021-12-30

申请号：US15733735

申请日：2019-04-11

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew J.L. Steinbach ,  Andrew T. Haug ,  Krzysztof A. Lewinski ,  Amy E. Hester ,  Grant M. Thoma ,  Cedric Bedoya

IPC: H01M4/92

Abstract: Catalyst comprising an Ir layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ir layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ir are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

公开(公告)号：US20210013521A1

公开(公告)日：2021-01-14

申请号：US15733644

申请日：2019-03-27

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew J. L. Steinbach ,  Krzysztof A. Lewinski ,  Andrew T. Haug ,  Amy E. Hester ,  Sean M. Luopa ,  Grant M. Thoma

IPC: H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90

Abstract: Catalysts comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material comprising at least 90 atomic percent collectively Pt, Ni, and Ta, wherein the Pt is present in a range from 32.0 to 35.7 atomic percent, the Ni is present in a range from 57.2 to 64.0 atomic percent, and the Ta is present in a range from 0.26 to 10.8 atomic percent, and wherein the total atomic percent of Pt, Ni, and Ta equals 100. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

公开(公告)号：US20220059849A1

公开(公告)日：2022-02-24

申请号：US17309508

申请日：2019-10-28

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew J. L. Steinbach ,  Amy E. Hester ,  Sean M. Luopa ,  Andrew T. Haug ,  Krzysztof A. Lewinski ,  Grant M. Thoma

IPC: H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90

Abstract: Catalyst material comprising nanoparticles dispersed within a metal oxide layer, the metal oxide layer comprises metal oxide comprising at least one metal cation, wherein the nanoparticles comprise Pt, wherein the nanoparticles comprise less than 10 atom % of oxygen, and wherein the metal oxide layer has an average thickness not greater than 50 nanometers. The catalyst material comprising nanoparticles dispersed within a metal oxide layer can be converted, for example, to nanoporous catalyst layer comprising nanoparticles fused together, wherein the nanoparticles comprise Pt, wherein the nanoparticles comprise less than 10 atom % of oxygen, and wherein the layer has an average thickness not greater than 50 nanometers. The nanoporous catalyst layer is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

公开(公告)号：US20210384523A1

公开(公告)日：2021-12-09

申请号：US17288021

申请日：2019-10-25

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew T. Haug ,  John E. Abulu ,  Matthew J. Lindell ,  Tyler S. Matthews ,  Andrew J.L. Steinbach ,  Fuxia Sun ,  Michael A. Yandrasits

IPC: H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  C09D127/18 ,  C09D141/00

Abstract: Described herein is a coating composition comprising: (a) a metal catalyst, wherein the metal catalyst comprises at least one of platinum, ruthenium, iridium, and alloys and combinations thereof; (b) an at least highly fluorinated ionomer comprising a polymer backbone and a plurality of first side chains pendant therefrom, wherein the first side chain comprises at least one protogenic group, wherein the protogenic group is selected from a sulfonic acid, a bis(sulfonyl)imide, a sulfonamide, a sulfonyl methide, and salts and combinations thereof, and wherein the polymer backbone comprises an average of at least 14 carbon atoms between adjacent first side chains along the polymer backbone; and (c) a solvent. Such coating compositions may be used to make electrodes for electrochemical cells and have been shown to have reduced poisoning of the catalyst.

公开(公告)号：US20210075026A1

公开(公告)日：2021-03-11

申请号：US17047029

申请日：2019-04-11

Applicant: 3M Innovative Properties Company

Inventor： Andrew J. L. Steinbach ,  Andrew T. Haug ,  Krzysztof A. Lewinski ,  Amy E. Hester ,  Grant M. Thoma ,  Cedric Bedoya ,  Zhenhua Zeng ,  Jeffrey P. Greeley

IPC: H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/86

Abstract: Catalysts comprising a Ta layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ta layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ta are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

公开(公告)号：US20190097241A1

公开(公告)日：2019-03-28

申请号：US16085712

申请日：2017-03-15

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Brian T. Weber ,  Brandon A. Bartling ,  Onur S. Yordem ,  Raymond P. Johnston ,  Andrew T. Haug ,  John E. Abulu ,  Gregory M. Haugen ,  Kazuki Noda ,  Shunsuke Suzuki ,  Jimmy M. Le ,  Blake R. Griffith ,  Daniel E. Johnson ,  Bharat R. Acharya ,  Bradley W. Eaton ,  Michael D. Romano ,  Daniel M. Pierpont ,  David J. Miller ,  Eric J. Iverson

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/18

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrode assemblies, membrane-electrode assemblies and electrochemical cells and liquid flow batteries produced therefrom. The electrode and membrane-electrode assemblies include (i) a porous electrode having a first major surface with a first surface area, Ae, an opposed second major surface and a plurality of voids; (ii) a discontinuous transport protection layer, comprising polymer, disposed on the first major surface and having a cross-sectional area, Ap, substantially parallel to the first major surface; and (iii) an interfacial region wherein the interfacial region includes a portion of the polymer embedded in at least a portion of the plurality of voids, a portion of the porous electrode embedded in a portion of the polymer or a combination thereof; and wherein 0.02Ae≤Ap≤0.85Ae and the porous electrode and discontinuous transport protection layer form an integral structure. The disclosure further provides methods of making the electrode assemblies and membrane-electrode assemblies.

公开(公告)号：US20170062835A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-02

申请号：US15340485

申请日：2016-11-01

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew T. Haug ,  Steven J. Hamrock ,  Gregory M. Haugen ,  Mark A. Schonewill

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90

CPC classification number: H01M8/1044 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8668 ,  H01M4/8673 ,  H01M4/8828 ,  H01M4/886 ,  H01M4/9075 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1067 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  H01M2300/0091 ,  Y02E60/521

Abstract: A fuel cell electrode layer may include a catalyst, an electronic conductor, and an ionic conductor. Within the electrode layer are a plurality of electronic conductor rich networks and a plurality of ionic conductor rich networks that are interspersed with the electronic conductor rich networks. A volume ratio of the ionic conductor to the electronic conductor is greater in the ionic conductor rich networks than in the electronic conductor rich networks. During operation of a fuel cell that includes the electrode layer, conduction of electrons occurs predominantly within the electronic conductor rich networks and conduction of ions occurs predominantly within the ionic conductor rich networks.

Abstract translation: 燃料电池电极层可以包括催化剂，电子导体和离子导体。 在电极层内是多个电子导体富集网络和多个富含离子导体的网络，它们与电子导体富集网络分散。 在离子导体富集网络中，离子导体与电子导体的体积比大于电子导体富集网络中的体积比。 在包括电极层的燃料电池的操作期间，电子传导主要在电子导体富集网络内，并且离子的传导主要发生在离子导体富集网络内。

公开(公告)号：US20210260989A1

公开(公告)日：2021-08-26

申请号：US17274670

申请日：2019-09-20

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Raymond P. Johnston ,  Andrew J.L. Steinbach ,  Krzysztof A. Lewinski ,  Fuxia Sun ,  Andrew T. Haug ,  John E. Abulu ,  Sean M. Luopa ,  Jiyoung Park ,  Attila Molnar ,  Cedric Bedoya

IPC: B60K15/03 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B9/23 ,  C25B11/055 ,  C25B11/081 ,  F17C5/06

Abstract: A hydrogen fueling system for generating hydrogen on demand is described. The system includes an electrolyzer configured to generate at least a predetermined quantity of hydrogen in a predetermined time when operated at no less than a predetermined current density and provided with at least a predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time, where the predetermined quantity of hydrogen is at least 1 kg of hydrogen, the predetermined time is no more than 30 minutes, and the predetermined current density is at least 5 A/cm2. The system may further include an electrical energy storage system electrically connected to the electrolyzer and capable of supplying at least 20% of the predetermined electrical energy over the predetermined time. The electrolyzer may include an anode including a plurality of acicular particles dispersed in an ionomer binder, where the acicular particles include iridium.

公开(公告)号：US20210066724A1

公开(公告)日：2021-03-04

申请号：US15733736

申请日：2019-04-11

Applicant: 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew J. L. Steinbach ,  Andrew T. Haug ,  Krzysztof A. Lewinski ,  Amy E. Hester ,  Grant M. Thoma ,  Cedric Bedoya ,  James A. Phipps ,  David J. Rowe ,  Cemal S. Duru

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/94

Abstract: Catalyst comprising a first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, and wherein the layer. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.