摘要:
A control device for displacing at least one machine axis of a machine tool or production machine includes a control element that can deviate from a position of rest. Set values for controlling or regulating the machine can be generated according to the extent and duration of the deviation. During a progessive deviation of the control element and when the deviation of the control element is in a stationary state, a pulse-shaped mechanical feedback can be conveyed via the control element to the operator for at least one generated change in the set value. This results in the creation of a control device that provides the operator with a mechanical feedback over the path of displacement.
摘要:
A low-wear sensor with little structural outlay is proposed to detect a combined linear and rotational movement. A PLCD sensor is provided for this purpose, the magnet (5) of which can be rotated about the longitudinally extended coil (2). A ring magnet is particularly suitable for this. The linear position of the ring magnet can be determined independently of its rotational movement (7) by means of the voltage induced in the coils (3, 4). Detection of the linear position is contactless and thus wear-free.
摘要:
There is described a two-channel method for determining at least one output signal from variable input signals of sent by a transmitter, using two independent channels and consisting in alternately guiding the in put signals to said channels, wherein a multiplexer is used for switching said channels. A microprocessor contained in said channels delivers input test signals transmitted to the channel not currently receiving any variable input signal. Said channel transmits output signals compared with an expected value in order to verify the channel correct operation. Simultaneously, the other channel produces an output signal. Afterwards, the multiplexer switches a control signal.
摘要:
In a method for monitoring a stationary condition of a drive device, a monitoring device provides the drive device with a temporally varying monitoring signal which, when a sensor device connected to the drive device functions properly, modulates a sensor output signal of the sensor device in accordance with the monitoring input signal. The monitoring device receives the sensor signal and monitors it for the presence of a corresponding signal component. In the absence of such a signal component, the monitoring device controls a safety device which converts the drive device into a safe state. When the drive device is controlled by means of at least two phase-shifted current regulators, it is possible for the monitoring device to monitor an output signal of at least one of the current regulators for constancy and to control the safety device when the output signal of the at least one current regulator changes.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for generating a voltage (u.sub.DK) proportional to the rotational-speed uses a resolver (2), which outputs two path-dependent or angle-dependent, amplitude-modulated (AM) sinusoidal voltages (S.sub.1, S.sub.2) in phase quadrature. The sinusoidal voltages have amplitudes that can be modulated depending upon the rotor position or the angle of rotation (.alpha.), and can be tapped. According to the invention, a sinusoidal amplitude signal (R.sub.L1, R.sub.L2) dependent on the rotor position or the angle of rotation (.alpha.) is extracted from the two AM sinusoidal voltages (S.sub.1, S.sub.2). These sinusoidal amplitude signals (R.sub.1, R.sub.L2) are converted into an approximated, sinusoidal signal (R.sub.L1A, R.sub.L2A), which is linear around the zero crossing in a range of.+-.45.degree.. Each approximated, sinusoidal signal (R.sub.L1A, R.sub.L2A) is differentiated and subsequently inverted; and an analog rotational-speed-proportional voltage (u.sub.DK) is formed which depends upon a detected rotor position (.alpha.) from the two differentiated signals (R'.sub.L1A, R'.sub.L2A) and from the two inverted differentiated signals (R'.sub.L1A , R'.sub.L2A). This method and apparatus obtains a cost-effective method for detecting low rotational-speeds, which are measured by means of a resolver (2).
摘要:
A wide-voltage-range converter with a power-supply-side converter unit and a load-side converter unit includes a step-up converter electrically connecting the DC voltage sides of the power-supply-side converter unit and the load-side converter unit, respectively. The wide-voltage-range converter further includes a bidirectional switch and a turn-off semiconductor switch as converter unit valves in each phase (R, S, T) of the power-supply-side converter unit. The power-supply-side converter unit also includes a filter on the AC voltage side, whereas the load-side converter unit includes a DC voltage capacitor on the DC voltage side. The wide-voltage-range converter operates at a specified output voltage without derating.
摘要:
An electric machine includes a housing, and a fan assembly having a fan and a drive unit for operating the fan. The drive unit has an air gap, wherein at least part of the air gap is positioned outside the housing and wherein at least part of the drive unit is positioned inside the housing.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for increasing the maximum speed of rotation of a synchronous machine having constant excitation field strength is disclosed. The synchronous machine is preceded by a converter, which has an adjusted current reference value as an input. The adjusted current reference value comprises an active-current reference value and a reactive-current reference value. For actual speeds n.sub.ist, the absolute value .vertline.n.sub.ist .vertline. of which is above a predetermined value n.sub.o, the amplitude of the active-current reference value is limited to a value which is inversely proportional to the factor .vertline.n.sub.ist .vertline./n.sub.o. The value n.sub.o is a predetermined speed at which the sum of the magnet wheel voltage of the synchronous machine and the voltage drop in the stator winding is maximally equal to the largest possible output voltage of the converter. To obtain the adjusted current reference value, a reactive-current reference value shifted 90.degree. relative to the active-current reference value is vectorially added to the active-current reference value, the amplitude of the reactive-current reference value being proportional to the factor (1-n.sub.o /.vertline.n.sub.ist .vertline.). A reactive current is thus generated in the machine. The voltage drop across the reactance of the synchronous machine caused by this reactive current is 180.degree. out of phase with the speedproportional magnet-wheel voltage. The magnet wheel voltage can therefore be increased beyond the terminal voltage, so that the speed of rotation of the machine can be increased.
摘要:
A key-operated switch includes a first excitation device which generates a first alternating magnetic field and has a first inductance. The key-operated switch is constructed in such a manner that the first alternating magnetic field can be used to scan a first coding of a key, with the first coding changing the first inductance of the first excitation device. The first coding is read by the key-operated switch in this manner. The key associated with the key-operated switch has a carrier element which is not electrically conductive and is not magnetizable. Arranged on the carrier element is the first coding which is made of an electrically conductive and/or magnetizable material. As a result, the key can be scanned without wear.
摘要:
To ensure an energy-efficient transfer of light signals between two elements of a machine which are movable relative to one another, a device and a method for transferring light signals between such elements is provided. A first element has a plurality of light sources for delivering light signals and a second element has at least one photoreceiver for receiving the light signals. A unit causing the turning on or off is configured such as to effect a turning on or off of only one portion of the light sources.