摘要:
A stop method for a fuel cell system that includes a fuel cell unit in which hydrogen is supplied to an anode, and air is supplied to a cathode so as to generate electrical power via an electrochemical reaction. The stop method includes the steps of stopping supply of hydrogen to the anode, and supplying air to the anode so as to discharge water remaining at the anode.
摘要:
When it is detected that the temperature of the fuel cell stack is at the freezing temperature of water or less (step S1), an operation mode using a freezing temperature starting up operation control map is selected (step S2). Freezing temperature starting up operation of the fuel cell stack is performed according to the freezing temperature starting up operation control map (step S3). Then, when it is detected that the temperature of the fuel cell stack exceeds the freezing temperature (step S4), the operation mode using the freezing temperature starting up operation control map is switched to an operation mode using a normal starting up operation control map (step S5). Thus, normal starting up operation is performed according to the normal starting up control map (step S6).
摘要:
A method of operating a fuel cell assembly and a fuel cell system use a simple construction to restrain deterioration of power generating performance of a fuel cell assembly at a startup in a subfreezing environment. If an ignition switch is turned off is STEP 1, a control unit determines in STEP 3 whether the temperature of a fuel cell assembly (the internal temperature of the fuel cell assembly) is lower than a predetermined temperature, which is higher than the temperature at which the water produced during power generation freezes. If the internal temperature of the fuel cell assembly is the predetermined temperature or higher, then the processing proceeds to STEP 4 wherein a power generating condition is adjusted to cause the internal temperature of the fuel cell assembly to rise. In STEP 5, an alarm device is actuated. The power generation is continued until the internal temperature of the fuel cell assembly reaches the predetermined temperature or higher, and then the power generation is stopped in STEP 8.
摘要:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for simultaneously carrying out the detection or measurement of a substance interacting with a physiologically active substance immobilized on a biosensor and the analysis of the effects of the above substance on the biological activity of the physiologically active substance. The present invention provides a measurement method using a biosensor formed by immobilizing a physiologically active substance on a substrate, wherein the detection and measurement of a substance interacting with said physiologically active substance and the measurement of the biological activity of said physiologically active substance are carried out on said single biosensor.
摘要:
A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, an oxidant gas passage, a cathode off-gas passage, a fuel gas passage, a circulation passage, an anode off-gas passage, a fuel shutoff valve, a supply device, a humidifier and a control device. The supply device supplies a scavenging gas, which is for scavenging the fuel cell, to the anode and the cathode. The humidifier humidifies the scavenging gas. The control device controls the supply device when the fuel cell is turned off so that supply of the fuel gas to the anode is shut off and the scavenging gas is supplied to the anode and the cathode, wherein supply of the scavenging gas to the cathode is conducted through the humidifier.
摘要:
A method of starting up at a subzero temperature a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack that is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of separators and membrane electrode assemblies having a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and electrodes. The method includes a step of using a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack in which the separators are made from metal and have a cross-sectional waveform structure, and a space that is formed between at least a portion of the separators and separators that are placed adjacent to this portion of the separators is used as a coolant flow passage.
摘要:
A magnetic disc device includes a disc enclosure for enclosing a magnetic disc medium on which data has been recorded, and a circuit for processing a signal that has been read from the magnetic disc device, wherein a signal that is read from the magnetic disc is output from only an interface. The device may further include an authentication device which determines whether authentication codes match and/or a device that limits the number of times that a retry procedure may be performed when a data read error occurs.
摘要:
Exciting light is projected onto a specimen such as an organic body, and an intensity in at least one wavelength range of fluorescence emitted from the specimen upon excitation by the exciting light is detected. Image data representing a fluorescence image of the specimen is obtained through an operation based on the intensity of the fluorescence. Whether each of pixels forming the fluorescence image is adequate for said operation is determined on the basis of the intensity of the fluorescence of each pixel. The operation is carried out on adequate pixels, which have been determined to be adequate for the operation, to obtain values for the adequate pixels while values which will not visually adversely affect the part of the fluorescence image corresponding to the adequate pixels are allotted to inadequate pixels, which have been determined not to be adequate for said operation.
摘要:
A derived database processing system in a database processing device comprises a plurality of independent databases which can provide a plurality of users with a group of data to be shared for a common purpose. The derived database processing system comprises a dictionary for managing database logical definition information and database storage information in a secondary memory, a derived database registering unit for determining a definition frame of a new name without violating a definition frame of a name used in a schema definition which defines data in a database, a dictionary information manipulating means for referring to said dictionary when the manipulation target is a derived database, then selecting necessary components of said database, and a database processing procedure generating unit, in a binding process to optimize access routing in a database. The derived database processing means also comprises a database definition management means which replaces an old version of a database definition information with a new version by utilizing a consistency monitoring means and an integrity monitoring means associated with it.
摘要:
A derived database processing system in a database processing device comprises a plurality of independent databases which can provide a plurality of users with a group of data to be shared for a common purpose. The derived database processing system comprises a dictionary for managing database logical definition information and database storage information in a secondary memory, a derived database registering unit for determining a definition frame of a new name without violating a definition frame of a name used in a schema definition which defines data in a database, a dictionary information manipulating means for referring to said dictionary when the manipulation target is a derived database, then selecting necessary components of said database, and a database processing procedure generating unit, in a binding process to optimize access routing in a database.