公开(公告)号：US4496416A

公开(公告)日：1985-01-29

申请号：US478892

申请日：1983-03-25

Applicant: Meinrad Machler ,  Richard Sachse ,  Horst Stacklies ,  Achim Schindler

Inventor： Meinrad Machler ,  Richard Sachse ,  Horst Stacklies ,  Achim Schindler

IPC: G02B7/00 ,  G02B7/02 ,  G02B27/62 ,  G12B5/00 ,  B31F5/00 ,  B32B31/00 ,  B65H29/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G02B27/62 ,  G02B7/004 ,  G02B7/023 ,  G12B5/00 ,  Y10S359/90 ,  Y10T156/1744

Abstract: For the adjustment and mounting of an optical component in an optical instrument, the optical component is held by an adjusting device not forming part of the instrument. After the adjusting process is completed, the component is attached to the instrument by a liquid or pasty substance which solidifies with slight change in volume. The optical component or its mount and the instrument are so developed that a form-locked, force-locked, or adherence-locked attachment is produced between them. The adjusting process can be made objective by a position-resolving receiver; the evaluation of the adjustment image and the carrying out of the adjustment movements can be effected by a computer which can also carry out the entire adjustment process completely automatically. After the firm attachment of the optical component to the instrument, the adjusting device is removed.

Abstract translation: 为了在光学仪器中调整和安装光学部件，光学部件由不构成仪器的一部分的调节装置保持。 调整过程完成后，组件通过液体或糊状物质附着在仪器上，液体或浆状物体积稍微变化。 光学部件或其安装件和仪器如此显影，使得它们之间产生形成锁定，强制锁定或粘附锁定的附件。 调整过程可以通过位置分辨接收机进行目标; 调整图像的评价和调整动作的执行可以通过也可以完全自动进行整个调整处理的计算机来实现。 在将光学部件牢固地附接到仪器之后，移除调节装置。

公开(公告)号：US4643570A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-17

申请号：US722113

申请日：1985-04-11

Applicant: Meinrad Machler ,  Richard Sachse ,  Harry Schlemmer

Inventor： Meinrad Machler ,  Richard Sachse ,  Harry Schlemmer

IPC: G01N21/05 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N1/10

CPC classification number: G01N21/05 ,  G01N2021/0346

Abstract: The invention is directed to a through-flow cuvette which can be assembled and wherein the cuvette body is made of two cuvette halves. The cuvette halves are placed one atop the other at their planar surfaces. Convex recesses are formed in these planar surfaces and define the inlet and outlet channels as well as the measuring space.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种可以组装的直通比色皿，其中该试管体由两个比色皿半部制成。 比色皿一半在其平面上放置在另一个之上。 在这些平面表面形成凸凹部，并限定入口和出口通道以及测量空间。

公开(公告)号：US4781455A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-01

申请号：US861160

申请日：1986-05-08

Applicant: Meinrad Machler ,  Harry Schlemmer ,  Ursula Rager

Inventor： Meinrad Machler ,  Harry Schlemmer ,  Ursula Rager

IPC: G01B11/16 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01B11/18

CPC classification number: G01L1/24 ,  G01B11/18

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for optical strain measurement are disclosed. Prior to the deformation or loading of the object to be tested, the latter is provided with a thin transparent film which adheres well to the object and has a thickness between 3 and 20 .mu.m. After the deformation or during loading, the wavelength-dependent intensity course developed because of the interference of the portion of the beam of light reflected and superimposed at the boundary surfaces of the transparent film is measured and evaluated by a computer.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于光学应变测量的方法和装置。 在被测物体的变形或加载之前，后者设置有薄的透明膜，该薄膜可透明地粘附到物体上并具有3至20μm的厚度。 在变形或加载之后，由计算机测量并叠加在透明膜的边界面处的光束部分的干涉而产生的波长相关强度行程。

公开(公告)号：US4655555A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-07

申请号：US675735

申请日：1984-11-28

Applicant: Meinrad Machler ,  Franz Gluck ,  Harry Schlemmer ,  Reinhold Bittner

Inventor： Meinrad Machler ,  Franz Gluck ,  Harry Schlemmer ,  Reinhold Bittner

IPC: G02B13/18 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G02B13/24 ,  G02B17/00 ,  G02B17/02 ,  G02B17/08 ,  G03F7/20

CPC classification number: G02B17/086 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0216 ,  G02B13/24 ,  G02B17/008 ,  G02B17/023 ,  G02B17/0808 ,  G03F7/70233 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01N2021/6469

Abstract: The invention is directed to objectives for imaging small regions with a large aperture angle. The objectives include two aspheric bodies made of optically isotropic material wherein the deflection of the light rays is achieved by total reflection on the outer surfaces. The light entry surfaces and light exit surfaces are configured as spherical surfaces having center points at least approximately coincident with the focal points of the aspheric bodies.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于对具有大孔径角的小区域进行成像的目的。 目标包括由光学各向同性材料制成的两个非球面体，其中光线的偏转通过外表面上的全反射来实现。 光入射面和光出射面被构造为具有与非球面体的焦点至少近似一致的中心点的球面。

公开(公告)号：US4598715A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-08

申请号：US733942

申请日：1985-05-14

Applicant: Meinrad Machler ,  Sibylle Machler ,  Richard Sachse

Inventor： Meinrad Machler ,  Sibylle Machler ,  Richard Sachse

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/85

CPC classification number: A61B5/6848 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  G01N21/8507

Abstract: In an instrument for spectral measurement in the bloodstream, the light-guide probe is developed with a diameter of, at most, 0.5 mm. By plug connections with precisely defined positions of the light guides, the light guide probe is connected to an illuminating device having a xenon lamp and to a diode line spectrometer. The diode line spectrometer has an aperture ratio which includes the aperture of the light guide without trimming or vignetting.

Abstract translation: 在用于血流中的光谱测量的仪器中，导光探针显影直径至多为0.5mm。 通过具有精确定义的光导位置的插头连接，光导探针连接到具有氙灯和二极管线光谱仪的照明装置。 二极管线光谱仪具有开口率，该开口率包括光导的孔径而不进行修整或渐晕。

公开(公告)号：US6108083A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US907903

申请日：1997-08-11

Applicant: Meinrad Machler

Inventor： Meinrad Machler

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01N21/05

CPC classification number: G01N21/0303 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0216 ,  G01N2201/0813 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: A spectroscopic system for the analysis of small quantities of substances makes use for the purposes of energy transfer of cone-shaped aperture changers which are arranged in the object zone between the light source and the sample and, during absorption measurements, also between the sample and the inlet slot of a spectrometer. A microcell system is provided in the object space. The microcell system comprises a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid. The cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, the sample liquid forming the core and the wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of the step waveguide.

Abstract translation: 用于分析少量物质的光谱系统用于锥形孔径变换器的能量转移的目的，锥形孔径变换器布置在光源和样品之间的物体区域中，并且在吸收测量期间也用于样品和 光谱仪的入口槽。 在对象空间中提供微小区系统。 微电池系统包括具有用于接收样品液体的中空芯的圆柱形电池管。 细胞管和样品液体相对于折射率可调节，使得它们用作辐射的步进波导，形成芯的样品液体和形成步进波导的护套的细胞管的壁。

公开(公告)号：US5680209A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-21

申请号：US381911

申请日：1995-05-02

Applicant: Meinrad Machler

Inventor： Meinrad Machler

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/447

CPC classification number: G01N21/0303 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0216 ,  G01N2201/0813 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: A spectroscopic system for the analysis of small and very small quantities of substances makes use for the purposes of energy transfer of cone-shaped aperture changers (14, 15) which are arranged in the object zone (8) between the light source (L) and the sample (9) and, during absorption measurements, also between the sample (9) and the inlet slot (3) of a spectrometer (1). If the form used is a double cone, the aperture changers (14, 15) facilitate an oblique coupling in a capillary tube accepting the sample (9) which acts as a step-waveguide for the coupled radiation.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 02166 Sec。 371日期：1995年5月2日 102（e）日期1995年5月2日PCT提交1993年8月13日PCT公布。 出版物WO94 / 04892 日期1994年3月3日用于分析小量和非常少量物质的光谱系统用于锥形孔径变换器（14,15）的能量传递的目的，锥形孔径变换器（14,15）布置在物体区域（8）之间 光源（L）和样品（9），并且在吸收测量期间也在样品（9）和光谱仪（1）的入口槽（3）之间。 如果使用的形式是双锥形，则孔径更换器（14,15）有助于在接受用作耦合辐射的阶跃波导的样品（9）的毛细管中的倾斜耦合。

公开(公告)号：US4660974A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-28

申请号：US722111

申请日：1985-04-11

Applicant: Meinrad Machler ,  Richard Sachse ,  Harry Schlemmer

Inventor： Meinrad Machler ,  Richard Sachse ,  Harry Schlemmer

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/41 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N30/74

CPC classification number: G01N21/45 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01N2201/08

Abstract: The invention is directed to an arrangement for determining the spectral characteristic of the refractive index of a liquid or a gas wherein the specimen is enclosed between two boundary surfaces spaced apart between 1 and 50 .mu.m. The surfaces are at least approximately parallel to each other. The boundary surfaces cause interferences when illuminated with white light passing through the surfaces. The interferences are measured by a spectrometer in their wavelength-dependent course and are thereafter evaluated.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于确定液体或气体的折射率的光谱特性的装置，其中样品被封闭在间隔1至50μm之间的两个边界表面之间。 表面至少大致彼此平行。 当通过表面的白光照明时，边界面会引起干扰。 干扰通过光谱仪在其波长相关过程中测量，然后评估。

公开(公告)号：US6005661A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

申请号：US913299

申请日：1997-11-14

Applicant: Meinrad Machler

Inventor： Meinrad Machler

IPC: G01J1/22 ,  G01J3/20 ,  G02B5/00 ,  G01J3/14

CPC classification number: G01J3/20 ,  G01J1/22 ,  G02B5/005

Abstract: The invention concerns an optical system for use in spectrometry and/or endoscopy, in which at least one probe is exposed to directional radiation produced by a radiation source, the radiation emanating from the probe is led to a spectrometer, in particular a simultaneous spectrometer, and/or an imaging device. It is proposed that the optical system should be provided with at least one control device with an radiation inlet surface and a radiation outlet surface; the control device should be provided with control elements held by a frame and capable of being displaced from a first position in such a way that the radiation energy transferred from the radiation inlet surface to the radiation outlet surface can be controlled while leaving the radiation outlet aperture substantially unchanged. In addition, or alternatively, the optical system is provided with at least one wavelength selection unit which has at least one dispersion element for spectral splitting of the radiation passing through at least one inlet slit and impinging on the dispersion element; and with at least one optical waveguide. The dispersion element and/or a focusing element focus the spectrally split radiation onto a focal surface and the optical waveguide receives a predetermined range of spectrally split radiation in the focal surface.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / EP96 / 01115 Sec。 371日期：1997年11月14日 102（e）1997年11月14日PCT PCT 1996年3月14日PCT公布。 WO96 / 28748 PCT公开号 日期1996年9月19日本发明涉及用于光谱测定和/或内窥镜检查的光学系统，其中至少一个探针暴露于由辐射源产生的定向辐射，从探针发出的辐射被引导到光谱仪 特别是同时光谱仪和/或成像装置。 建议光学系统应设有至少一个具有辐射入口表面和辐射出口表面的控制装置; 控制装置应设置有由框架保持并且能够从第一位置移位的控制元件，使得可以控制从辐射入口表面转移到辐射出口表面的辐射能量，同时留下辐射出口孔 基本没变。 另外或替代地，光学系统设置有至少一个波长选择单元，该单元具有至少一个色散元件，用于对通过至少一个入口狭缝的辐射进行光谱分裂并撞击在分散元件上; 并具有至少一个光波导。 色散元件和/或聚焦元件将光谱分裂的辐射聚焦到焦点表面上，并且光波导接收焦点表面中的光谱分裂辐射的预定范围。

公开(公告)号：US4838645A

公开(公告)日：1989-06-13

申请号：US896134

申请日：1986-08-12

Applicant: Meinrad Machler ,  Reinhold Bittner ,  Richard Sachse ,  Harry Schlemmer

Inventor： Meinrad Machler ,  Reinhold Bittner ,  Richard Sachse ,  Harry Schlemmer

IPC: G02B5/18

CPC classification number: G02B27/4244 ,  G01J3/0259 ,  G02B5/1814 ,  G02B5/1861

Abstract: An unmetallized grating is mounted on an optically transparent body is subjected to radiation which passes through the body and strikes the flanks of the grating grooves at an angle that is larger than the critical angle of the total reflection.

Abstract translation: 未光化的光栅安装在光学透明的主体上经受辐射，其通过主体并以大于全反射的临界角的角度撞击光栅槽的侧面。