公开(公告)号：US06334141B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-25

申请号：US09241991

申请日：1999-02-02

Applicant: Pradeep Varma ,  Suresh Kumar

Inventor： Pradeep Varma ,  Suresh Kumar

IPC: G06F15163

CPC classification number: H04L47/10 ,  G06F2209/505 ,  H04L12/1813 ,  H04L47/125 ,  H04L67/10 ,  H04L67/38

Abstract: A distributed server for real-time collaboration is substituted for a centralized server to address the problem of the development of unacceptable communication and computation bottlenecks resulting from the use of a one-software-process-based centralized server running somewhere on the available network. The substitute distributed server improves scaleability of real-time collaboration by being based on multiple, independently-communicating, asynchronous, independent (i.e., no shared memory, data, variables, etc.) software processes. The processes can be distributed to multiple machines throughout the network and run simultaneously in order to avoid the centralized server's bottlenecks. To be used, a distributed server requires a disjoint, fully covering partitioning of a work space, wherein it can handle partition hierarchies and groups comprehensively. The distributed server solution is general because of the ability of distributed servers to work with different definitions of a modification. The distributed server solution is extensible because of its simple and comprehensive treatment of inter-partition synchronization.

Abstract translation: 用于实时协作的分布式服务器被替换为集中式服务器，以解决由于使用在可用网络上某处运行的基于单软件过程的集中式服务器而导致的不可接受的通信和计算瓶颈的开发问题。 替代分布式服务器通过基于多个，独立通信，异步，独立（即，没有共享存储器，数据，变量等）软件处理来提高实时协作的可扩展性。 这些进程可以分布到整个网络中的多台机器并同时运行，以避免集中式服务器的瓶颈。 为了被使用，分布式服务器需要不相交，完全覆盖工作空间的分区，其中它可以全面地处理分区层次结构和组。 分布式服务器解决方案是一般的，因为分布式服务器可以使用不同的修改定义。 分布式服务器解决方案是可扩展的，因为它对分区间同步进行了简单而全面的处理。

公开(公告)号：US06564246B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09241928

申请日：1999-02-02

Applicant: Pradeep Varma ,  Suresh Kumar

Inventor： Pradeep Varma ,  Suresh Kumar

IPC: G06F1516

CPC classification number: G06Q10/10

Abstract: A synchronous collaboration environment that supports real-time collaboration of multiple participants, each having shared and independent views of the shared workspace. Multiple views per participant are provided. Some of the views seen by a participant can be shared views with the usual common cursor and annotation tools. The shared views need not be homogeneous, which means that for a given view, each participant can see more than just some common data in his or window for the view. What the participant sees separately from the common data can make his or her shared view different from that of other participants. The view can be different due to different data being exposed in the view. Some of the views seen by a participant can be independent views. This allows to the participant synchronous working with the shared workspace alone on his or her own. The collaboration system includes a user interface and support for aligning views including goto and overlaying. Participants can modify the workspace through their views in a synchronized manner provided the sharing and access rights of their views allow them to do so.

Abstract translation: 支持多个参与者的实时协作的同步协作环境，每个参与者具有共享和独立的共享工作空间视图。 提供每个参与者的多个视图。 参与者看到的一些视图可以与通常的常用光标和注释工具共享。 共享视图不需要是同质的，这意味着对于给定的视图，每个参与者可以看到他的视图或其视图中的一些常见数据。 参与者与共同数据分开的看法可以使他或她的共享视图与其他参与者的观点不同。 由于在视图中暴露的不同数据，视图可能会有所不同。 参与者看到的一些观点可以是独立观点。 这允许参与者独立地使用共享工作空间。 协作系统包括用户界面和支持对齐视图，包括goto和覆盖。 参与者可以通过他们的视图以同步方式修改工作空间，只要他们的视图的共享和访问权限允许他们这样做。

公开(公告)号：US06342906B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-29

申请号：US09243084

申请日：1999-02-02

Applicant: Suresh Kumar ,  Pradeep Varma

Inventor： Suresh Kumar ,  Pradeep Varma

IPC: G06F300

CPC classification number: G06F3/038 ,  G06F3/1454

Abstract: Effective real-time collaboration across remote sites in which any type of data can be shared in a common work space in a consistent manner is made possible by an annotation layer having multiple distinct modes of operation during a collaborative session with two or more people sharing the same work space. One mode is a discussion mode in which one or more users simply share a common view of the shared data and manipulate the view independent of the shared data. During the discussion mode, all user input is handled by the annotation layer which interprets user inputs to move common cursors, create, move or delete markings and text which, since the annotation layer is transparent, appear over the application. Another mode is an edit mode in which one or more users actually edit the shared data. The applications and the data are synchronized among all clients to display the same view. Manipulating the view includes moving a common cursor and placing markings on the common view using text and/or drawing tools.

Abstract translation: 通过在与两个或更多个人共享的协作会话期间具有多个不同操作模式的注释层，可以跨越跨站点进行有效的实时协作，其中任何类型的数据可以以一致的方式共享在共同的工作空间中 相同的工作空间。 一种模式是一种讨论模式，其中一个或多个用户简单地共享共享数据的共同视图并且独立于共享数据来操纵视图。 在讨论模式期间，所有用户输入都由注释层处理，注释层解释用户输入以移动公共光标，创建，移动或删除标记和文本，由于注释层是透明的，因此在应用程序中显示。 另一模式是一个或多个用户实际编辑共享数据的编辑模式。 应用程序和数据在所有客户端之间同步以显示相同的视图。 操作视图包括移动公共光标，并使用文本和/或绘图工具在公共视图上放置标记。

公开(公告)号：US09378138B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-28

申请号：US13172039

申请日：2011-06-29

Applicant: Pradeep Varma

Inventor： Pradeep Varma

IPC: G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06F12/02 ,  G06F12/14

CPC classification number: G06F12/0253 ,  G06F3/0608 ,  G06F3/0652 ,  G06F3/0673 ,  G06F12/1416 ,  G06F2212/1044 ,  G06F2212/702

Abstract: A method of memory management can include creating an initial root set of pointers for a program during execution of the program and performing a marking process by iteratively marking referred objects of each pointer of the root set and expanding the root set with filtered, encoded pointers. The method also can include identifying each non-live object for any marked object as red-marked and performing, using a processor, a re-marking process on the root set in which red-marked objects are excluded. Each object of the root set not marked can be designated as including a memory leak.

Abstract translation: 存储器管理的方法可以包括在执行程序期间创建用于程序的指针的初始根集合，并且通过迭代地标记根集合的每个指针的引用对象并使用经过过滤的编码指针来扩展根集来执行​​标记处理。 该方法还可以包括使用处理器识别任何标记对象的每个非活动对象，使用红色标记和执行，在根集合上排除重新标记对象的重新标记过程。 没有标记的根设备的每个对象都可以被指定为包含内存泄漏。

公开(公告)号：US08140523B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-20

申请号：US12247291

申请日：2008-10-08

Applicant: Sameh A. Fakhouri ,  William F. Jerome ,  Krishna Kummamuru ,  Vijay K. Naik ,  John A. Pershing, Jr. ,  Ajay Raina ,  Pradeep Varma ,  Peter B. Badovinatz ,  Vijay Kumar

Inventor： Sameh A. Fakhouri ,  William F. Jerome ,  Krishna Kummamuru ,  Vijay K. Naik ,  John A. Pershing, Jr. ,  Ajay Raina ,  Pradeep Varma ,  Peter B. Badovinatz ,  Vijay Kumar

IPC: G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30

CPC classification number: G06Q10/04 ,  G06Q10/06

Abstract: A decision support system called Mounties that is designed for managing applications and resources using rule-based constraints in scalable mission-critical clustering environments. Mounties consists of four active service components: (1) a repository of resource proxy objects for modeling and manipulating the cluster configuration; (2) an event notification mechanism for monitoring and controlling interdependent and distributed resources; (3) a rule evaluation and decision processing mechanism; and (4) a global optimization service for providing decision making capabilities. The focus of this paper is on the design of the first three services that together connect and coordinate the distributed resources with the decision making component.

Abstract translation: 一种称为Mounties的决策支持系统，其设计用于在可扩展的任务关键型集群环境中使用基于规则的约束来管理应用程序和资源。 Mounties由四个主动服务组件组成：（1）用于建模和操纵集群配置的资源代理对象的存储库; （2）监测和控制相互依赖和分配的资源的事件通知机制; （3）规则评估和决策处理机制; （4）提供决策能力的全球优化服务。 本文的重点是设计前三个服务，将决策组件连接和协调分布式资源。

公开(公告)号：US20070226708A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-27

申请号：US11388353

申请日：2006-03-24

Applicant: Pradeep Varma

Inventor： Pradeep Varma

IPC: G06F9/45

CPC classification number: G06F8/51

Abstract: An analysis and source-to-source transformation framework covers dialects of programming languages that lack formal definition for all individual dialects. Multiple instantiations of the same compiler front-end tools can be used with different settings to create distinct intermediate forms and maps. Intermediate forms and maps are used in an individual analysis and source-to-source transformation context, and performing the analysis and source-to-source transformation thereupon. A unified tool set is desirably provided, including standard compiler front-end tools and code transformation/generation tools, wherein source code edits are carried out in order to make the source code more amenable to translation to intermediate forms. The analysis results or intermediate forms created by individual tools are used by other tools as well as further analyzed to create a map of the regions of validity and invalidity of the intermediate forms, and tracking the source-code edits performed in order to obtain the same. Among other benefits, this provides a choice of the best tools combination for maximum code analysis coverage.

Abstract translation: 分析和源到源转换框架涵盖了对所有个人方言缺乏正式定义的编程语言的方言。 相同编译器前端工具的多个实例可以与不同的设置一起使用，以创建不同的中间格式和映射。 中间形式和地图用于个人分析和源到源转换环境，并进行分析和源到源转换。 期望提供统一的工具集，包括标准编译器前端工具和代码转换/生成工具，其中执行源代码编辑以便使源代码更适于翻译成中间形式。 由各种工具创建的分析结果或中间形式由其他工具使用，并进一步分析以创建中间形式的有效性和无效区域的映射，并跟踪执行的源代码编辑以获得相同的 。 除了其他好处之外，这提供了最佳代码分析覆盖的最佳工具组合的选择。

公开(公告)号：US06462596B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

申请号：US09599900

申请日：2000-06-23

Applicant: Pradeep Varma

Inventor： Pradeep Varma

IPC: H03K3356

CPC classification number: H03K3/356173 ,  H03K3/012 ,  H03K3/356156

Abstract: A static, double-edge-triggered flip-flop has an upper data path and a lower data path connected between a data input node and an output terminal. The upper path includes a switch connected to a first data loop, and the lower path includes a switch connected to a second data loop. The first and second data loops share a forward path having a data-inverting circuit. In addition, each loop has a feedback path which contains only one element in the form of a switch. However, no data-inverting circuit is included in either of the feedback paths. Advantageously, all the elements of the flip-flop may be constructed using MOSFET transistors implemented according to any one of a variety of semiconductor technologies. In more than one particularly advantageous embodiments, the flip-flop is constructed using a total of twelve transistors. Through this simplified two-loop design, operational efficiency is improved, low metastability is achieved and costs of manufacture are lowered, all while maintaining low power requirements.

Abstract translation: 静态双边沿触发器具有连接在数据输入节点和输出端之间的较高数据路径和较低数据路径。 上部路径包括连接到第一数据环路的开关，并且下部路径包括连接到第二数据环路的开关。 第一和第二数据环路共享具有数据反相电路的正向路径。 另外，每个循环都有一个反馈路径，其中只包含一个开关形式的元件。 然而，任一反馈路径中都不包括数据反相电路。 有利地，触发器的所有元件可以使用根据各种半导体技术中的任一种实现的MOSFET晶体管来构造。 在不止一个特别有利的实施例中，使用总共十二个晶体管来构造触发器。 通过这种简化的双回路设计，提高了运行效率，实现了低亚稳态，降低了制造成本，同时保持了低功率要求。

公开(公告)号：US20170031815A1

公开(公告)日：2017-02-02

申请号：US14928790

申请日：2015-10-30

Applicant: Pradeep Varma

Inventor： Pradeep Varma

IPC: G06F12/02 ,  G06F12/12 ,  G06F12/08

CPC classification number: G06F12/0253 ,  G06F12/023 ,  G06F12/0261 ,  G06F12/0269 ,  G06F12/0891 ,  G06F12/12 ,  G06F2212/1024 ,  G06F2212/1044 ,  G06F2212/1048 ,  G06F2212/60

Abstract: Boxed pointers are disclosed, for all pointers, for safe and sequential or parallel use. Since a pointer box can be arbitrarily large, it supports any fat pointer encoding possible. The boxed pointers are managed out of the same heap or stack space as ordinary objects, providing scalability by a shared use of the entire program memory. The boxed pointers and objects are managed together by the same parallel, safe, memory management system including an optional precise, parallel garbage collector. To manage boxes independently of the garbage collector, explicit allocation and de-allocation means are provided including explicit killing of boxes using immediate or deferred frees. The entire system is constructed out of atomic registers as the sole shared memory primitive, avoiding all synchronization primitives and related expenses. Atomic pointer operations including pointer creation or deletion (malloc or free) are provided.

Abstract translation: 对于所有指针，公开了用于安全和顺序或并行使用的盒装指针。 由于指针盒可以任意大，它可以支持任何胖指针编码。 盒装指针由与普通对象相同的堆或堆栈空间进行管理，通过共享使用整个程序存储器提供可扩展性。 盒装指针和对象由同一个并行，安全的内存管理系统一起管理，包括可选的精确并行垃圾收集器。 为了独立于垃圾收集器管理盒子，提供明确的分配和解除分配手段，包括使用立即或延迟释放来显式杀死盒子。 整个系统由原子寄存器构建为唯一的共享存储器原语，避免所有同步原语和相关费用。 提供包括指针创建或删除（malloc或free）的原子指针操作。

公开(公告)号：US20150293752A1

公开(公告)日：2015-10-15

申请号：US14673231

申请日：2015-03-30

Applicant: Pradeep Varma

Inventor： Pradeep Varma

IPC: G06F9/45 ,  G06F9/46

CPC classification number: G06F8/42

Abstract: A concurrent, wait-free compiler/compiler front-end for C/C++ and other programming languages, comprising parallel stages that carry out the steps of character translation, line translation, macro rewriting, lexing, parsing, and handling errors in input text and translating it to an object form, with features including (a) long lexenes, (b) display modifiers, (c) look ahead isolation, (d) line-by-line processing followed by tokenization, (e) complete error handlers, and/or (f) precise and inline context switches.

Abstract translation: 用于C / C ++和其他编程语言的并发等待编译器/编译器前端，包括执行字符转换，行转换，宏重写，词法，解析和处理输入文本中的错误的步骤的并行级，以及 将其转换为对象形式，其特征包括（a）长词，（b）显示修饰符，（c）预先隔离，（d）逐行处理，随后进行标记化，（e）完整的错误处理程序，以及 /或（f）精确和内联上下文切换。

公开(公告)号：US20150227414A1

公开(公告)日：2015-08-13

申请号：US14422628

申请日：2013-08-24

Applicant: Pradeep Varma

Inventor： Pradeep Varma

IPC: G06F11/07 ,  G06F12/02

CPC classification number: G06F11/0793 ,  G06F11/073 ,  G06F12/0253 ,  G06F2212/251 ,  G06F2212/702

Abstract: A memory and access management system for reducing memory access errors or management errors or runtime errors while dynamically allocating, moving or de-allocating memory to one or more objects of an application program is disclosed. The object may have a data part containing one or more values and a pointer part containing one or more pointers. The system may include a heap memory pool containing memory space to be assigned to the object and a processor for reading the pointer part. An interface coupled with the processor may be provided for dynamically allocating, moving or de-allocating the data part of the object to defragment, manage or optimize the heap memory pool and updating the address location of the data part contained in one or more pointers upon moving the data part, thereby reducing memory access errors, management errors or runtime errors while allocating, moving or de-allocating memory to the object.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于在向应用程序的一个或多个对象动态分配，移动或分配存储器的同时减少存储器访问错误或管理错误或运行时错误的存储器和访问管理系统。 对象可以具有包含一个或多个值的数据部分和包含一个或多个指针的指针部分。 系统可以包括包含要分配给对象的存储空间的堆内存池和用于读取指针部分的处理器。 可以提供与处理器耦合的接口，用于动态地分配，移动或解除分配对象的数据部分以对堆存储器池进行碎片整理，管理或优化，并且更新包含在一个或多个指针中的数据部分的地址位置 移动数据部分，从而在分配，移动或分配内存到对象时减少存储器访问错误，管理错误或运行时错误。