Method for manufacturing expandable styrene type polymer particles
    1.
    发明授权
    Method for manufacturing expandable styrene type polymer particles 失效
    制造可膨胀型苯乙烯型聚合物颗粒的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5132330A

    公开(公告)日:1992-07-21

    申请号:US793903

    申请日:1991-11-18

    CPC分类号: C08J9/18 C08J2325/00

    摘要: A method for manufacturing expandable styrene type polymer particles is disclosed, which comprises the steps of adding a styrene type monomer to styrene type polymer seed particles suspended in an aqueous dispersing medium, continuously or intermittently to be polymerized while being absorbed thereby, and impregnating the resulting polymer particles with an easily volatile blowing agent to obtain expandable styrene type polymer particles, the improvement wherein styrene type polymer particles whose weight-average molecular weight (Mw.sub.1) is not more than 2/3 of the weight-average molecular weight (Mw.sub.2) of the resulting polymer particles are used as said styrene type polymer particles. The present invention provides expandable styrene type polymer particles excellent in moldability and foamed articles high in strength and fine in external appearance.

    Process for preparing copolymer
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing copolymer 失效
    制备共聚物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4560735A

    公开(公告)日:1985-12-24

    申请号:US714759

    申请日:1985-03-22

    IPC分类号: C08F212/12 C08F4/36

    CPC分类号: C08F212/12

    摘要: A process for preparing .alpha.-methylstyrene/acrylonitrile copolymer by suspension or bulk polymerization of .alpha.-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile with at least one member selected from the group consisting of styrene, chlorostyrene, para-methylstyrene, t-butylstyrene, acrylic ester and methacrylic ester in the presence of a difunctional organic peroxide having a 10 hour half-life temperature of 60.degree. to 120.degree. C. and capable of producing a t-butyl radical, at a polymerization temperature of 80.degree. to 135.degree. C. The process produces the copolymers having excellent transparency, heat resistance and strength in a high conversion in a short time.

    摘要翻译: 通过α-甲基苯乙烯和丙烯腈与至少一种选自苯乙烯,氯苯乙烯,对甲基苯乙烯,叔丁基苯乙烯,丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯的组分的悬浮或本体聚合制备α-甲基苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物的方法 在80℃至135℃的聚合温度下,存在10分钟半衰期温度为60℃至120℃并能够生产叔丁基的双官能有机过氧化物。该方法产生共聚物 在短时间内具有高转化率的优异的透明性,耐热性和强度。

    Method for producing expandable thermoplastic polymer particles
    3.
    发明授权
    Method for producing expandable thermoplastic polymer particles 失效
    生产可膨胀热塑性聚合物颗粒的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5128380A

    公开(公告)日:1992-07-07

    申请号:US513660

    申请日:1990-04-24

    摘要: The present invention provides a method for producing expandable thermoplastic polymer particles which comprises conducting polymerization by adding a polymerizable monomer either continuously or intermittently to thermoplastic polymer particles having a uniform particle size suspended in water, the improvement wherein an amide compound is added when the added amount of the polymerizable monomer is not more than one half of the total amount to be added in the course of polymerization and resulting polymer particles are impregnated with an easily volatile blowing agent after completion of addition of the amide compound and the polymerizable monomer. According to the present invention, expandable thermoplastic particles which are capable of giving cells, fine and uniform in size, are obtainable even by expanding immediately after production without any aging period.

    Systems and methods for detecting watermark formations on semiconductor wafers
    4.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for detecting watermark formations on semiconductor wafers 失效
    用于检测半导体晶片上的水印构造的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08580696B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-11-12

    申请号:US11829581

    申请日:2007-07-27

    IPC分类号: H01L21/302

    CPC分类号: H01L21/67253

    摘要: Systems and methods for detecting watermark formations on semiconductor wafers are described. In one embodiment, a method comprises providing a semiconductor wafer having at least one watermark sensitive region fabricated thereon, subjecting the wafer to a wet processing step, enhancing a susceptibility to detection of at least one watermark formation created on the at least one watermark sensitive region, and detecting the at least one watermark formation. In another embodiment, a method comprises growing a first oxide layer on a surface of a semiconductor wafer, patterning a watermark sensitive structure on the first oxide layer, depositing a silicon layer over the first oxide layer, doping a region of the silicon layer over the watermark sensitive structure with an impurity to create a watermark sensitive region that is prone to retaining watermark formations as result of a wet processing step, and growing a second oxide layer over the silicon layer.

    摘要翻译: 描述了用于检测半导体晶片上的水印结构的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中,一种方法包括提供具有在其上制造的至少一个水印敏感区域的半导体晶片,对晶片进行湿处理步骤,增强对至少一个水印敏感区域上产生的至少一个水印形成的检测的敏感性 并且检测所述至少一个水印形成。 在另一个实施例中,一种方法包括在半导体晶片的表面上生长第一氧化物层,在第一氧化物层上构图水印敏感结构,在第一氧化物层上沉积硅层,将硅层的区域掺杂在 具有杂质的水印敏感结构,以产生湿式处理步骤结果易于保留水印结构的水印敏感区域,并在硅层上生长第二氧化物层。

    DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING OF CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE USING NGAL

    公开(公告)号:US20130137122A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-05-30

    申请号:US13747646

    申请日:2013-01-23

    IPC分类号: G01N33/68

    摘要: A method of assessing the ongoing kidney status of a mammal afflicted with or at risk of developing chronic renal injury or disease, including chronic renal failure (CRF) by detecting the quantity of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in urine, serum or plasma samples at discrete time periods, as well as over time. Incremental increases in NGAL levels in CRF patients over a prolonged period of time are diagnostic of worsening kidney disease. This increase in NGAL precedes and correlates with other indicators of worsening chronic renal disease or CRF, such as increased serum creatinine, increased urine protein secretion, and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Proper detection of worsening (or improving, if treatment has been instituted) renal status over time, confirmed by pre- and post-treatment NGAL levels in the patient, can aid the clinical practitioner in designing and/or maintaining a proper treatment regimen to slow or stop the progression of CRF.

    NGAL FOR REDUCTION AND AMELIORATION OF ISCHEMIC AND NEPHROTOXIC INJURIES
    6.
    发明申请
    NGAL FOR REDUCTION AND AMELIORATION OF ISCHEMIC AND NEPHROTOXIC INJURIES 失效
    减少和改善化疗和非传染性创伤的NGAL

    公开(公告)号:US20100254970A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-10-07

    申请号:US12817566

    申请日:2010-06-17

    IPC分类号: A61K38/48 A61P13/12

    摘要: Use of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a therapeutic and in a method of treating, reducing, or ameliorating an injury selected from an ischemic injury, an ischemic-reperfusion injury, and a toxin-induced injury, to an organ in a patient. The invention includes administering to the patient NGAL in an amount effective to treat, reduce or ameliorate ischemic, ischemic-reperfusion, or toxin-induced injury to the organ, such as the kidney. A siderophore can be co-administered with the NGAL. The invention also relates to administering a sideophore to enhance a response to secretion of NGAL following an ischemic or toxin-induced injury to an organ in a patient.

    摘要翻译: 使用嗜中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)作为治疗剂,以及将治疗,减少或改善选自缺血性损伤,缺血再灌注损伤和毒素诱导的损伤的损伤的方法应用于 患者。 本发明包括以有效治疗,减轻或改善对器官(例如肾)的缺血性,缺血再灌注或毒素诱导的损伤的量向患者NGAL施用。 铁载体可与NGAL共同施用。 本发明还涉及在对患者的器官的缺血或毒素诱导的损伤之后施用形象以增强对NGAL分泌的反应。

    NGAL for reduction and amelioration of ischemic and nephrotoxic injuries
    7.
    发明授权
    NGAL for reduction and amelioration of ischemic and nephrotoxic injuries 有权
    NGAL用于减少和改善缺血性和肾脏损伤

    公开(公告)号:US07776824B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-08-17

    申请号:US11123364

    申请日:2005-05-06

    IPC分类号: A61K38/04 A01N1/00 A01N1/02

    摘要: Use of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a therapeutic and in a method of treating, reducing, or ameliorating an injury selected from an ischemic injury, an ischemic-reperfusion injury, and a toxin-induced injury, to an organ in a patient. The invention includes administering to the patient NGAL in an amount effective to treat, reduce or ameliorate ischemic, ischemic-reperfusion, or toxin-induced injury to the organ, such as the kidney. A siderophore can be co-administered with the NGAL. The invention also relates to administering a sideophore to enhance a response to secretion of NGAL following an ischemic or toxin-induced injury to an organ in a patient.

    摘要翻译: 使用嗜中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)作为治疗剂,以及将治疗,减少或改善选自缺血性损伤,缺血再灌注损伤和毒素诱导的损伤的损伤的方法应用于 患者。 本发明包括以有效治疗,减轻或改善对器官(例如肾)的缺血性,缺血再灌注或毒素诱导的损伤的量向患者NGAL施用。 铁载体可与NGAL共同施用。 本发明还涉及在对患者的器官的缺血或毒素诱导的损伤之后施用形象以增强对NGAL分泌的反应。

    DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING OF CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE USING NGAL

    公开(公告)号:US20100184089A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-07-22

    申请号:US12750241

    申请日:2010-03-30

    IPC分类号: G01N33/573 G01N33/566

    摘要: A method of assessing the ongoing kidney status of a mammal afflicted with or at risk of developing chronic renal injury or disease, including chronic renal failure (CRF) by detecting the quantity of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in urine, serum or plasma samples at discrete time periods, as well as over time. Incremental increases in NGAL levels in CRF patients over a prolonged period of time are diagnostic of worsening kidney disease. This increase in NGAL precedes and correlates with other indicators of worsening chronic renal disease or CRF, such as increased serum creatinine, increased urine protein secretion, and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Proper detection of worsening (or improving, if treatment has been instituted) renal status over time, confirmed by pre- and post-treatment NGAL levels in the patient, can aid the clinical practitioner in designing and/or maintaining a proper treatment regimen to slow or stop the progression of CRF.