公开(公告)号：US5838432A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-17

申请号：US659220

申请日：1996-06-07

申请人： Yuki Tokuhashi ,  Yoichi Iba ,  Toshiro Okamura ,  Seiichiro Tabata

发明人： Yuki Tokuhashi ,  Yoichi Iba ,  Toshiro Okamura ,  Seiichiro Tabata

IPC分类号： G01B11/26 ,  H04N5/232 ,  H04N5/64 ,  H04N7/18

CPC分类号： G01B11/26

摘要： An optical angle detection apparatus includes a light source section, a sensor section disposed separately from the light source section through a space, a timing controller, and a calculation processing section. The light source section includes a plurality of LEDs and a plurality of first polarizing plates whose polarizing directions differ from each other by 45.degree. in correspondence with the LEDs. The sensor section includes a lens and a two-dimensional PSD. The timing controller sequentially and periodically turns on the plurality of LEDs. The calculation processing section calculates the angle of the light source section relative to the sensor section around an axis determined by the light source section and the inclination angles of the sensor section in two axial directions with respect to the optical axis of the light source section on the basis of an output from the two-dimensional PSD which changes in accordance with the amount of light incident from the light source section onto the sensor section and the coordinates of an incident spot.

摘要翻译： 光学角度检测装置包括光源部分，通过空间与光源部分分开设置的传感器部分，定时控制器和计算处理部分。 光源部分包括多个LED和与LED对应的偏振方向彼此相差45度的多个第一偏振片。 传感器部分包括透镜和二维PSD。 定时控制器顺序并周期地打开多个LED。 计算处理部分计算光源部分相对于传感器部分的角度，围绕由光源部分确定的轴线和传感器部分相对于光源部分的光轴在两个轴向方向上的倾斜角度 来自二维PSD的输出的基础，其根据从光源部分入射到传感器部分上的光量而变化，并且入射点的坐标。

公开(公告)号：US06177952B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

申请号：US08996274

申请日：1997-12-22

申请人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Naoto Shimada ,  Satoshi Imai ,  Toshiro Okamura ,  Takayoshi Togino ,  Yoichi Iba

发明人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Naoto Shimada ,  Satoshi Imai ,  Toshiro Okamura ,  Takayoshi Togino ,  Yoichi Iba

IPC分类号： H04N1302

CPC分类号： H04N5/7441 ,  G02B27/017 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B2027/0132 ,  G02B2027/0178 ,  H04N5/7491 ,  H04N5/77 ,  H04N5/78263 ,  H04N5/9201 ,  H04N5/9205 ,  H04N13/10 ,  H04N13/133 ,  H04N13/161 ,  H04N13/167 ,  H04N13/189 ,  H04N13/194 ,  H04N13/239 ,  H04N13/246 ,  H04N13/25 ,  H04N13/289 ,  H04N13/296 ,  H04N13/344 ,  H04N13/393 ,  H04N13/398 ,  H04N2005/745 ,  H04N2013/0077 ,  H04N2013/0081 ,  H04N2013/0096

摘要： A stereoscopic image display apparatus having right and left display elements for displaying inputted stereoscopic image signals, right and left displaying optical systems for leading images displayed on the right and left image elements, a setting information element for outputting setting information signals on stereoscopic image display, based on the stereoscopic vision information signals about the inputted imaging distance in synchronization with the stereoscopic image signals, and a control element for controlling image position displayed on the right and left image display elements to at least optical axes of the right and left display optical systems, based on the setting information signals.

摘要翻译： 一种具有用于显示输入的立体图像信号的左右显示元件的立体图像显示装置，用于右侧和左侧图像元件上显示的引导图像的左右显示光学系统，用于在立体图像显示器上输出设置信息信号的设置信息元素， 基于与立体图像信号同步的关于输入的成像距离的立体视觉信息信号，以及控制元件，用于将左右图像显示元件上显示的图像位置控制到左右显示光学系统的至少光轴 ，基于设置信息信号。

公开(公告)号：US5572343A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US67130

申请日：1993-05-26

申请人： Toshiro Okamura ,  Seiichiro Tabata ,  Naoto Shimada ,  Keiichi Kuba ,  Masato Yasugaki ,  Yoichi Iba ,  Akiyoshi Tochigi

发明人： Toshiro Okamura ,  Seiichiro Tabata ,  Naoto Shimada ,  Keiichi Kuba ,  Masato Yasugaki ,  Yoichi Iba ,  Akiyoshi Tochigi

IPC分类号： G02B5/30 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02B27/02

CPC分类号： G02B27/0176 ,  G02B27/017 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02F1/13471 ,  G02B2027/0132 ,  G02B2027/0178 ,  G02B2027/0196 ,  G02B5/30

摘要： A head-mounted see-through display which enables an outside image and an electronic image to be selectively observed by making a liquid crystal shutter transparent or opaque. To eliminate the problem that during the observation of the electronic image the outside image is undesirably seen through the peripheral region of the electronic image, display light from a two-dimensional display device (11) is first transmitted by a half-mirror (12), and the transmitted light is reflected by a concave mirror (13). Then, the reflected light is reflected by the half-mirror (12) so as to be led to the observer's eye as an enlarged image. To prevent the outside light from entering the eye through the half-mirror (12) during the observation of the electronic image, a negative or positive type TN or STN liquid crystal shutter (10) is disposed in front of the half-mirror (12). When the electronic image is to be viewed, the shutter (10) is made opaque, whereas, when the outside image is to be viewed, the shutter (10) is made transparent.

摘要翻译： 通过使液晶快门透明或不透明，能够选择性地观察外部图像和电子图像的头戴式透视显示器。 为了消除在电子图像的观察期间，通过电子图像的周边区域看不到外部图像的问题，来自二维显示装置（11）的显示光首先通过半透半反镜（12）透射， 并且透射光被凹面镜13反射。 然后，反射光被半透半反镜12反射，作为放大图像被引导到观察者的眼睛。 为了在观察电子图像期间防止外部光线通过半透半反镜（12）进入眼睛，在半反射镜（12）的前面设置有负的或正的TN型或STN型液晶快门 ）。 当要观看电子图像时，快门（10）变得不透明，而当要观看外部图像时，快门（10）变得透明。

公开(公告)号：US5726670A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-10

申请号：US539629

申请日：1995-10-05

申请人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Takayoshi Togino ,  Yoichi Iba

发明人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Takayoshi Togino ,  Yoichi Iba

IPC分类号： H04N7/18 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G09G5/00

CPC分类号： G02B27/017 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B2027/011 ,  G02B2027/0178

摘要： A display apparatus of the type that is fitted to the user's head or face, and having a higher resolution in a first region of the display than that of the remaining area of the display, without increasing the size of the display. As an example, an image of the characters "ABC", for example, are generated or received. However, it might be desired that the center character "B", for example, be displayed at a higher resolution than that of the characters "A C". To accomplish this, the original image "ABC" is divided into an image of "A C" and an image of "B". Then, the image of "B" is electrically distorted and formed on a screen such that the image of "B" is larger in size than the image of "A C". An ocular optical system including an optical element effects a second distortion of the image to correct the electrically created distortion. This ocular optical system enlarges the image such that the image of "A C", which has been displayed relatively small, is enlarged, and projects the image of "B", which has been displayed relatively large, through a lens having a correspondingly lower magnification. Then, the image of "B" is superimposed on the image of "A C" so that the image of "A C" and "B" are displayed at the same size, but with "B" being represented by more pixels or pixels which are finer than those representing "A C".

摘要翻译： 这种类型的显示装置适合于用户的头部或脸部，并且在显示器的第一区域中具有比显示器的剩余区域更高的分辨率，而不增加显示器的尺寸。 作为示例，生成或接收例如字符“ABC”的图像。 然而，可能希望例如以比字符“A C”更高的分辨率显示中心字符“B”。 为了实现这一点，原始图像“ABC”被分成“A C”的图像和“B”的图像。 然后，“B”的图像被电变形并形成在屏幕上，使得“B”的图像的大小比“A C”的图像大。 包括光学元件的眼睛光学系统实现图像的第二失真以校正电创建的失真。 这种眼睛光学系统放大图像，使得已经显示相对较小的“AC”的图像被放大，并且通过具有相对较低放大倍率的透镜投影已经显示得相对较大的图像“B” 。 然后，将“B”的图像叠加在“AC”的图像上，使得“AC”和“B”的图像以相同的尺寸显示，但是“B”由更多的像素或像素表示 比“AC”更好。

公开(公告)号：US5742262A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-21

申请号：US264065

申请日：1994-06-22

申请人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

发明人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

IPC分类号： G02B5/18 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/02 ,  H04N5/64 ,  H04N5/74 ,  H04N17/00

CPC分类号： G02B27/0172 ,  G02B27/0081 ,  H04N5/7491 ,  G02B2027/011 ,  G02B2027/0178 ,  H04N5/7441

摘要： An image display apparatus, e.g., a head-mounted image display apparatus, which uses a compact optical system and yet has minimal aberrations and a large exit pupil diameter. The image display apparatus has a liquid crystal display device (2), and an ocular lens (3) for projecting an image displayed by the liquid crystal display device (2) on a user's retina. A pair of first and second diffraction gratings (11) and (12) are provided in an optical path lying between the ocular lens (3) and an exit pupil (6) formed by the ocular lens (3). The first and second diffraction gratings (11) and (12) are arranged so that the angle of diffraction caused by the second diffraction grating (12) for each wavelength of the displayed image is approximately coincident with the angle of diffraction caused by the first diffraction grating (11).

摘要翻译： 图像显示装置，例如头戴式图像显示装置，其使用紧凑的光学系统，但是具有最小的像差和大的出射光瞳直径。 图像显示装置具有液晶显示装置（2）和用于将由液晶显示装置（2）显示的图像投影在用户的视网膜上的目镜（3）。 一对第一和第二衍射光栅（11）和（12）设置在位于目镜（3）和由眼镜（3）形成的出射光瞳（6）之间的光路中。 第一和第二衍射光栅（11）和（12）被布置成使得由第二衍射光栅（12）对于所显示的图像的每个波长引起的衍射角与由第一衍射引起的衍射角近似一致 光栅（11）。

公开(公告)号：US5737012A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-07

申请号：US564711

申请日：1995-11-29

申请人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

发明人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

IPC分类号： G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  H04N13/00 ,  H04N13/04

CPC分类号： H04N13/025 ,  G02B27/017 ,  H04N13/0239 ,  H04N13/0278 ,  H04N13/0296 ,  H04N13/044 ,  H04N13/0484 ,  H04N13/0497 ,  G02B2027/0187 ,  H04N13/0055 ,  H04N13/0059 ,  H04N13/0289 ,  H04N19/597 ,  H04N2013/0081

摘要： A head mounted image display apparatus capable of performing a stereoscopical viewing, having first and second image display sections and displaying first and second images each having parallax on these first and second image display sections is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a position of convergence deciding means for deciding diopter adjusting signals corresponding to parallax or convergence angle of the line of sight position of a viewer by detecting the line of sight direction of at least one eye of the both right and left eyes to decide the line of sight position of the viewer in a viewing region; a diopter adjusting mechanism adapted to receive the diopter adjusting signal for adjusting the diopter of the first and second image display sections; and the line of sight position deciding means including a diopter adjusting signal selecting means for selecting the diopter adjusting signal out of a plurality of diopter adjusting signals or the signals corresponding thereto, based on the position of convergence.

摘要翻译： 公开了能够进行立体观看的头戴式图像显示装置，其具有第一和第二图像显示部分，并且在这些第一和第二图像显示部分上显示各自具有视差的第一和第二图像。 该装置包括：收敛判定装置的位置，用于通过检测右眼和左眼的至少一只眼睛的视线方向来决定与观看者的视线位置的视差或会聚角相对应的屈光度调节信号，以决定 观看者在观看区域中的视线位置; 屈光度调节机构，其适于接收所述屈光度调节信号，用于调节所述第一和第二图像显示部分的屈光度; 视线位置决定装置包括屈光度调节信号选择装置，用于根据收敛位置从多个屈光度调节信号或与其对应的信号中选择屈光度调节信号。

公开(公告)号：US5982343A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US931845

申请日：1997-09-16

申请人： Yoichi Iba ,  Seiichiro Tabata ,  Takayoshi Togino ,  Kunie Nakagiri

发明人： Yoichi Iba ,  Seiichiro Tabata ,  Takayoshi Togino ,  Kunie Nakagiri

IPC分类号： G02B5/30 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/10 ,  G09G5/00 ,  G02B27/04

CPC分类号： G02B27/1066 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B27/143 ,  G02B27/144 ,  G02B2027/0116 ,  G02B2027/0132 ,  G02B2027/0136 ,  G02B2027/0178 ,  G02B5/30

摘要： A visual display apparatus, for example, a head-mounted display apparatus, which enables an image to be observed at a wide field angle and high resolution. The apparatus includes a pair of two-dimensional display devices (4 and 5) disposed with their display surfaces facing each other, and two half-mirrors (6 and 7) which are paired with the display devices (4 and 5) and combined to each other in the shape of a V. The apparatus further includes a concave mirror (8) having a center axis coincident with the center axis of the half-mirrors (6 and 7) combined in a V shape. The two-dimensional display devices (4 and 5) are adapted to display images (11 and 10) each including an overlap region (9) and having an area wider than one half of the image for observation. The images (11 and 10) are combined together into one continuous image by the two half-mirrors (6 and 7) combined in a V shape.

摘要翻译： 一种视觉显示装置，例如头戴式显示装置，其能够以宽场角和高分辨率观察图像。 该装置包括一对彼此相对设置的二维显示装置（4和5）和与显示装置（4和5）配对的两个半反射镜（6和7），并组合成 彼此形成为V形。该装置还包括具有与半形镜（6和7）的中心轴线重合为V形的中心轴的凹面镜（8）。 二维显示装置（4和5）适于显示每个包括重叠区域（9）并且具有比用于观察的图像的一半宽的区域的图像（11和10）。 图像（11和10）通过组合成V形的两个半反射镜（6和7）组合成一个连续图像。

公开(公告)号：US5825456A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US652822

申请日：1996-05-23

申请人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

发明人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

IPC分类号： G03B35/18 ,  A61B3/032 ,  A61B3/08 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/02 ,  G02B27/22 ,  H04N5/64 ,  H04N13/00 ,  H04N13/04

CPC分类号： H04N13/044 ,  H04N13/0055 ,  H04N13/0484 ,  H04N13/0497

摘要： An apparatus for displaying a stereoscopic image including right-eye and left-eye image display devices displaying right-eye and left-eye images, respectively, right-eye and left-eye magnifying lenses forming enlarged virtual right-eye and left-eye images, respectively, an eye point camera for detecting a point in a sight at which a viewer gazes, a parallax calculating circuit for deriving a parallax of the gazed point, a image shift amount calculating circuit for calculating an amount of image shift in accordance with the parallax, and an image shift circuits for shifting the right-eye and left-eye images horizontally in opposite direction by the same amount such that a distance of convergence with respect to the gazing point is substantially fixed. It is preferable to shift the right-eye and left-eye images such that the distance of convergence becomes substantially equal to a viewing distance from eyes of the viewer to a virtual image plane.

摘要翻译： 一种用于显示包括分别显示右眼和左眼图像的右眼和左眼图像的立体图像的立体图像的装置，分别形成放大的虚拟右眼和左眼图像的右眼和左眼放大镜 分别设置用于检测观察者凝视的视野中的点的眼点摄像机，用于导出注视点的视差的视差计算电路，根据该观察点计算图像偏移量的图像偏移量计算电路 视差，以及用于使右眼和左眼图像在相反方向上水平移动相同量的图像移位电路，使得相对于注视点的会聚距离基本上固定。 优选地，使右眼和左眼图像偏移，使得会聚的距离变得基本上等于从观看者的眼睛到虚像平面的观看距离。

公开(公告)号：US5757544A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

申请号：US207422

申请日：1994-03-08

申请人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba ,  Satoshi Imai ,  Takayoshi Togino

发明人： Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba ,  Satoshi Imai ,  Takayoshi Togino

IPC分类号： G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/02 ,  G02B21/06 ,  G02B27/46 ,  G02B21/56

CPC分类号： G02B27/0081 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B2027/011 ,  G02B2027/0132 ,  G02B2027/0178

摘要： A head-mounted image display apparatus having an exit pupil that is enlarged without causing an increase in the size of a relay optical system or a reduction in the size of a projected image. The head-mounted image display apparatus has an image display device (1) having a display surface for displaying an image, a relay optical system (2) for transmitting the image displayed on the display surface of the image display device (1) to form an image of the display surface, and an ocular optical system (4) for projecting the image transmitted by the relay optical system inside an observer's eyeball as an enlarged image. A numerical aperture (NA) enlarging element is disposed at a position conjugated with the display surface with respect to the relay optical system (2). Thus, pupil alignment is facilitated without causing an increase in the size of the relay optical system (2) or a reduction in the size of the projected image. Also, provided as a technique whereby field curvature of the ocular optical system is corrected to provide a flat image for observation.

摘要翻译： 一种头戴式图像显示装置，其具有放大的出射光瞳，而不会导致中继光学系统的尺寸增加或投影图像的尺寸的减小。 头戴式图像显示装置具有具有显示图像的显示面的图像显示装置（1），用于发送显示在图像显示装置（1）的显示面上的图像的中继光学系统（2），以形成 显示面的图像和用于将由中继光学系统发送的图像投影在观察者的眼球内的图像作为放大图像的眼睛光学系统（4）。 数值孔径（NA）放大元件设置在与显示表面相对于中继光学系统（2）共轭的位置处。 因此，不会引起中继光学系统（2）的尺寸的增加或投影图像的尺寸的减小，便于瞳孔对准。 此外，作为矫正眼睛光学系统的场曲率以提供用于观察的平坦图像的技术提供。

公开(公告)号：US5661603A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-26

申请号：US523505

申请日：1995-09-01

申请人： Kazunari Hanano ,  Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

发明人： Kazunari Hanano ,  Seiichiro Tabata ,  Yoichi Iba

IPC分类号： G02F1/13 ,  G02B5/04 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/02 ,  G02B27/22 ,  H04N5/64 ,  G02B27/10 ,  G02B27/12 ,  G02B27/14

CPC分类号： G02B27/2235 ,  G02B27/0081 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B5/045 ,  G02B2027/011 ,  G02B2027/0132 ,  G02B2027/0178

摘要： An image display apparatus, e.g., a head-mounted image display apparatus, which uses a compact optical system and yet has minimal aberrations and a large exit pupil diameter. An image displayed on a liquid crystal display device (2) is projected as an enlarged image in a user's eyeball by a convex lens (3). Prism arrays (13 and 14) having the same vertex angle are disposed in parallel to each other between the convex lens (3) and an exit pupil (6) so that the array directions coincide with each other. A parallel beam of light passed through the convex lens (3) has a pupil diameter (a) determined by the numerical aperture of an illumination system (1). The parallel beam first enters the prism array (13) and separates into light beams traveling in four different directions by the prism refracting action. These light beams then enter the prism array (14), which has the same vertex angle as that of the prism array (13). Consequently, the light beams are refracted again to become parallel to each other. As a result, the beam diameter (a) of the light before entering the prism array (13) enlarges to a beam diameter (b) after the light has emanated from the prism array (14). Accordingly, the effective pupil diameter enlarges.

摘要翻译： 图像显示装置，例如头戴式图像显示装置，其使用紧凑的光学系统，但是具有最小的像差和大的出射光瞳直径。 通过凸透镜（3）将显示在液晶显示装置（2）上的图像作为放大图像投影在用户的眼球中。 具有相同顶角的棱镜阵列（13和14）在凸透镜（3）和出射光瞳（6）之间彼此平行设置，使得阵列方向彼此一致。 通过凸透镜（3）的平行光束具有由照明系统（1）的数值孔径确定的光瞳直径（a）。 平行光束首先进入棱镜阵列（13），并通过棱镜折射作用分离成沿四个不同方向传播的光束。 这些光束然后进入具有与棱镜阵列（13）相同的顶角的棱镜阵列（14）。 因此，光束被再次折射成彼此平行。 结果，在从棱镜阵列（14）发出光之后，进入棱镜阵列（13）的光的光束直径（a）扩大到光束直径（b）。 因此，有效瞳孔直径扩大。