摘要:
Glass-ceramics exhibiting a Vickers indentation crack initiation threshold of at least 15 kgf are disclosed. These glass-ceramics may be ion exchangeable or ion exchanged. The glass-ceramics include a crystalline and amorphous phases generated by subjecting a thin precursor glass article to ceramming cycle having an average cooling rate in the range from about 10° C./minute to about 25° C./minute. In one or more embodiments, the crystalline phase may comprise at least 20 wt % of the glass-ceramics. The glass-ceramics may include β-spodumene ss as the predominant crystalline phase and may exhibit an opacity ≧about 85% over the wavelength range of 400-700 nm for an about 0.8 mm thickness and colors an observer angle of 10° and a CIE illuminant F02 determined with specular reflectance included of a* between −3 and +3, b* between −6 and +6, and L* between 88 and 97.
摘要:
According to one embodiment, a glass may include from about 50 mol. % to about 70 mol. % SiO2; from about 12 mol. % to about 35 mol. % B2O3; from about 4 mol. % to about 12 mol. % Al2O3; greater than 0 mol. % and less than or equal to 1 mol. % alkali metal oxide, wherein Li2O is greater than or equal to about 20% of the alkali metal oxide; from about 0.3 mol. % to about 0.7 mol. % of Na2O or Li2O; and greater than 0 mol. % and less than 12 mol. % of total divalent oxide, wherein the total divalent oxide includes at least one of CaO, MgO and SrO, and wherein a ratio of Li2O (mol. %) to (Li2O (mol. %) +(Na2O (mol. %)) is greater than or equal 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6. The glass may have a relatively low high temperature resistivity and a relatively high low temperature resistivity.
摘要:
The invention relates to glass articles suitable for use as electronic device housing/cover glass which comprise a glass ceramic material. Particularly, a cover glass comprising an ion-exchanged glass ceramic exhibiting the following attributes (1) optical transparency, as defined by greater than 90% transmission at 400-750 nm; (2) a fracture toughness of greater than 0.6 MPa·m1/2; (3) a 4-point bend strength of greater than 350 MPa; (4) a Vickers hardness of at least 450 kgf/mm2 and a Vickers median/radial crack initiation threshold of at least 5 kgf; (5) a Young's Modulus ranging between about 50 to 100 GPa; (6) a thermal conductivity of less than 2.0 W/m° C., and (7) and at least one of the following attributes: (i) a compressive surface layer having a depth of layer (DOL) greater and a compressive stress greater than 400 MPa, or, (ii) a central tension of more than 20 MPa.
摘要:
Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium disilicate and -spodumene crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.
摘要:
Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium silicate and petalite crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes, are transparent or translucent, and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.
摘要:
Methods for chemically strengthening glass articles, e.g., glass sheets, are disclosed, in which computer-implemented techniques are employed to select the conditions, e.g., times, temperatures, and bath compositions and sizes, used in the chemical strengthening. The computer-implemented techniques can be applied to chemical-strengthening methods that employ more than one ion-diffusion treatment, e.g., more than one ion-exchange treatment or a combination of at least one ion-exchange treatment and at least one heat treatment. Through the use of the computer-implemented techniques, more precisely-controlled ion concentration profiles can be achieved in chemically-strengthened glass articles, which can improve the ultimate mechanical properties of the articles.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are glass-ceramics having crystalline phases including β-spodumene ss and either (i) pseudobrookite or (ii) vanadium or vanadium containing compounds so as to be colored and opaque glass-ceramics having coordinates, determined from total reflectance—specular included—measurements, in the CIELAB color space of the following ranges: L*=from about 20 to about 45; a*=from about −2 to about +2; and b*=from about −12 to about +1. Such CIELAB color space coordinates can be substantially uniform throughout the glass-ceramics. In each of the proceeding, β-quartz ss can be substantially absent from the crystalline phases. If present, β-quartz ss can be less than about 20 wt % or, alternatively, less than about 15 wt % of the crystalline phases. Also Further crystalline phases might include spinel ss (e.g., hercynite and/or gahnite-hercynite ss), rutile, magnesium zinc phosphate, or spinel ss (e.g., hercynite and/or gahnite-hercynite ss) and rutile.
摘要:
According to one embodiment, a glass article may include SiO2, Al2O3, Li2O and Na2O. The glass article may have a softening point less than or equal to about 810° C. The glass article may also have a high temperature CTE less than or equal to about 27×10−6/° C. The glass article may also be ion exchangeable such that the glass has a compressive stress greater than or equal to about 600 MPa and a depth of layer greater than or equal to about 25 μm after ion exchange in a salt bath comprising KNO3 at a temperature in a range from about 390° C. to about 450° C. for less than or equal to approximately 15 hours.
摘要:
Doped and partially-reduced oxide (e.g., SrTiO3-based) thermoelectric materials. The thermoelectric materials can be single-doped or multi-doped (e.g., co-doped) and display a thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of 0.2 or higher at 1050K. Methods of forming the thermoelectric materials involve combining and reacting suitable raw materials and heating them in a graphite environment to at least partially reduce the resulting oxide. Optionally, a reducing agent such as titanium carbide, titanium nitride, or titanium boride can be incorporated into the starting materials prior to the reducing step in graphite. The reaction product can be sintered to form a dense thermoelectric material.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are one or more of formable and/or color-tunable, crystallizable glasses; formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; IXable, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; IX, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; a machine or equipment including a formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramic; a machine or equipment including an IXable, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; a machine or equipment including an IX, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; one or more processes for making formable, crystallizable glasses crystallizable; one or more processes for making formable and/or color-tunable, crystallizable glasses; one or more processes for making formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; one or more processes for making IXable, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; one or more processes for making IX, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; and one or more processes for using any one of formable and/or color-tunable, crystallizable glasses; formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; IXable, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; and/or IX, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics.